The estrogen receptor (ER) coregulators regulate the transcriptional activities of ER,and then affect the transcription and translation of target genes mediated by ER.ER coregulators not only plays an important role in the initiation,progression and metastasis of breast cancer,but also involves in the response to endocrine therapy of breast cancer via the genomic and nongenomic function.

OBJECTIVE:To try to establish a combined serum-pharmacology and electrophysiology method for the study of mechanism of chuanxiong extract in dilatating coronary artery.METHODS:Chuanxiong extract was intragastrically given to rats and mice,then the serum contents of tetramethylpyrazine(TMP)were determined by HPLC,which provided data for electrophysiological study.The action of chuanxiong extract on Ca 2+ -activated K channel(Kca)of smooth muscle of coronary artery in pigs was studied by patch clamp technique.RESULTS:The calibration curve of TMP was linear in the range of0.216～54?g/ml(r=0.9999).The recovery was100.7%～102.4%.The serum concentrations of TMP in rats and mice were(3.56?3.01)and(8.19?6.57)?g/ml respectively.The chuanxiong extract could not markedly activate the Kca of smooth muscle of coronary artery in patch clamp study.CONCLUSION:The established method for TMP determination is feasible and relieable.In order to improve the combined electrophysiology and serum pharmacology technique,high quality medical materials should be adopted and the bioavailability improved.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of pneumocystoscopy for congenital malformation of the vesicoureteral junction. Methods A total of 18 children (male 11 and female 7, aged from 3 months to 7 years with a mean of 3.6 years) with congenital malformation of the vesicoureteral junction (22 ureters) were enrolled in this study. Among the patients, 9 had vesicoureteral reflux (4 of them had bilateral reflux), 2 had bladder diverticulum complicated with urethral stenosis, and 7 had urethral stenosis and ipsilateral hydronephrosis. After the bladder was insufflated with CO2 through a Foley catheter (16 mm Hg), three trocars were inserted into the bladder, and the bladder was fixed on the abdominal wall using silk thread. By pneumocystoscopy, the Cohen procedure was done through the trocars. A Foley catheter was indwelled at the end of the procedure. Results The procedure was completed in all but one patient, who was converted to open surgery because the contraction of the urethra. The mean operation time was 130 min (110 to 145 min) for unilateral cases (13), and 242 min (225 to 250 min) for bilateral cases. The patients were discharged form hospital 9 to 12 days after the operation, and were followed up fro 6 months to 5 years with a mean of 3.8 years. During this period, MUC showed no ureteral reflux. One of the cases developed mild infection of the urethra, and was cured by circumcision. Conclusion Pneumocystoscopy is effective for congenital malformation of the vesicoureteral junction.

Objective To observe the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine combined with ropiva-caine for ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block on postoperative analgesia and rehabilitation in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery. Methods 80 patients with ASAⅠ~Ⅱundergoing total hip arthroplasty were ramdonly divided into 4 groups. Records of patients with ultrasound guided fascia iliaca compartment block onset time,block fading time,VAS at 4 h,8 h,12 h,24 h,48 h;duration of operation,intraoperative remifent-anil and propofol requirement;24 h and 48h of sufentanil use;after the operation were recorded for the first time , ambulation time,hospitalization time and observe whether bradycardia,intraoperative awareness and other adverse reactions. Results Compared with group A and B,the onset time of C were shorter(P<0.05);the VAS was less (P<0.05);the remifentanil equirement was significantly was reduced(P<0.05);the amount of sufentanil after operation 24 h and 48 h was reduced(P<0.05);the first time out of bed time and total hospitalization time was shorter(P < 0.05);patient satisfaction increased(P < 0.05);The extubation time was significantly longer and the occurrences of tachycardia were significantly increased in group D compared to other groups respectively. Conclusion 1.0μg/kg dexmedetomidine combined with 0.3%ropivacaine ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compart-ment block can provide better postoperative analgesic and recover rapidly with fewer side effects in total hip replace-ment surgery.

Objective To evaluate imaging findings and treatment experience in central venous stenosis without a history of previous catheterization in hemodialysis patients. Methods Clinical data of 5 haemodialysis cases of central vein stenosis without a previous catheterization history in our hospital from July 2006 to July 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Patients were three women and two men aged 43 to 65 years with mean age(53±8)years and all had arm swelling as the main complaint.The vascular accesses were located at the wrist in all the patients.The mean duration of the vascular accesses from the time of creation was(33.6±35.4)months.Venography showed occlusion in 2 cases and stenosis in 3 cages of central vein including 1 case of stenosis in brachiocephalic vein.1 case of stenosis beth in branchiocephalic vein and subclavian vein,1 case of stenosis in two segments of subclavian vein.The stenosis of branchiocephalic vein was fixed anterior to the tracheal and CT showed the compression of the vein by the aorta.Symptoms were resolved by the treatment of PTA.subclavian vein-contralateral subclavian vein bypass and ligation of the access. Conclusions Central venous stenosis in haemodialysis patients without a history of catheterization may be due to the intimal hyperplasia of the compression site or valve which is accelerated by the high flow of vascular access.Venography is the first choice for the diagnosis and the current management of central venous stenosis is far from being effective for the long term.

OBJECTIVE To identify the mechanisms by which the formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) mediates both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signaling in an agonist-dependent manner. METHODS Cells expressing FPR2 were incubated with weak agonists, Aβ42 and Ac2-26, before stimulation with a strong agonist, WKYMVm. Calcium mobilization, cAMP inhibition and MAP kinase activation were measured. Intramolecular FRET were determined using FPR2 constructs with an ECFP attached to the C- terminus and a FlAsH binding motif embedded in the first or third intracellular loop (IL1 or IL3, respectively). RESULTS Aβ42 did not induce significant Ca2 + mobilization, but positively modulated WKYMVm-induced Ca2 + mobilization and cAMP reduction in a dose-variable manner within a narrow range of ligand concentrations. Treating FPR2-expressing cells with Ac2-26, a peptide with anti-inflam?matory activity, negatively modulated WKYMVm-induced Ca2 + mobilization and cAMP reduction. Intra?molecular FRET assay showed that stimulation of the receptor constructs with Aβ42 brought the C-terminal domain closer to IL1 but away from IL3. An opposite conformational change was induced by Ac2-26. The FPR2 conformation induced by Aβ42 corresponded to enhanced ERK phosphorylation and attenuated p38 MAPK phosphorylation, whereas Ac2-26 induced FPR2 conformational change corresponding to elevated p38 MAPK phosphorylation and reduced ERK phosphorylation. CONCLUSION Aβ42 and Ac2-26 induce different conformational changes in FPR2. These findings provide a structural basis for FPR2 mediation of inflammatory vs anti-inflammatory functions and identify a type of receptor modulation that differs from the classic positive and negative allosteric modulation.

To observe the effect of autologous stem cell transplantation in diabetic retinopathy.
●METHODS:Totally 58 cases (116 eyes) who underwent autologous stem cell transplantation were confirmed as no diabetic retinopathy (18 eyes), mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) (41 eyes), mid-level NPDR (51 eyes); severe NPDR (6 eyes) by ophthalmoscope directly or indirectly and fluorescence fundus angiography (FFA ). Follow - up was 6 - 12mo, the changes of retinopathy were observed.
●RESULTS: The total effective rate of vision and retinopathy was 84. 4%, 76. 7%. The results of severe NPDR was statistically worse than the other groups ( P <0. 05).
●CONCLUSlON: The stable blood glucose level and improved pancreatic function after autologous stem cell transplantation might be helpful in diabetic retinopathy, the long effects need to be researched further.

Objective Although heart transplantation surgery has become more common,little is known about the psychological status of patients waiting for a heart transplant.Method Ninety-three patients registered for heart transplantation from March 2013 to March 2014 in a large general hospital in Shanghai were assessed by a psychiatrist using the Hamilton Depression Scale (17 items) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale.Out of them 36 were preoperatively admitted to the Cardiac Surgery Department.The scales were assessed repeatedly at the 1st day,3rd day,7th day,10th day and so on until the operation took place.Result The mean scores of HAMD and HAMA of 93 patients in the waiting list were separately 13.11 ±3.81 and 14.20±4.57.Among them 18(19.4％) were classified as moderately depressed,31(33.3％) had moderately anxious symptoms,and 14(14.1％) had severe anxious symptoms.Thirty-six patients were preoperatively admitted to hospital.Their mean scores of HAMD and HAMA were separately 13.19-± 3.82 and 16.17 ± 4.35.Among them 7(19.4％) were classified as moderate depression at the time of admission,16 (44.4％) had moderately anxious symptoms and 9 (25.0％) had severe anxious symptoms.The scores of HAMD had significant difference (t =3.383,P =0.002) before and after admission.Paired t test was separately conducted to analyze the first assessment and the 3rd-day assessment of HAMA and HAMD total scores after admission of all the inpatients.The results showed the scores were statistically different (for HAMA,t =2.786,P =0.009; for HAMD,t =14.024,P =0.000).Repeated ANOVA was used to analyze the recipients who had three assessments.The results had statistical difference (for HAMA,F =4.568,P=0.020; for HAMD,F=5.626,P =0.034) and the difference of HAMD score at different time points had a linear trend (F =8.273,P =0.013).Conclusion After hospital admission,the depression symptoms will be significantly alleviated.When waiting for the transplant in the hospital,the anxiety symptoms alleviate slightly in three days and then aggravate significantly.The depression symptoms alleviate slightly continuously.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a HPLC method for the determination of both chloramphenicol and furacillin in compound chloramphenicol auristillae.METHODS:The determination was performed on Tianhe Kromasil C18 column,the mobile phase consisted of methanol-water(60∶40) with flow speed at 1.0ml/min,detection wavelength at 278nm,column temperature at 25℃,and sample size at 20?l.The dexamethasone was used as internal standard.RESULTS:The linear ranges for chloramphenicol and furacillin were 31.75～127?g/ml and 26.25～105?g/ml,respectively;The average recovery rates were 100.4%(RSD=0.89%) and 100.7%(RSD=1.20%),respectively.CONCLUSION:This method is simple in operation,accurate and reliable in determination results and it can be used for the quality control of compound chloramphenicol auristillae.

Objective To evaluate the value of high-frequency echocardiography in assessing Bax gene transfer influence on survival of heterotopic cardiac allograft in rats.Methods Thirty rat models of heterotopic heart transplantation were established.Group A received heart transplantation only; Group B received cyclosporin (CsA) after operatiom Group C received ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) combined with Bax-shRNA.All rats were tested by high-frequency echocardiography at day 1,3,6 after transplantation.The ultrasound parameters included left ventricular internal dimension diastole (LVIDd),left ventricular internal dimension systole(LVIDs),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular thickness (LVT),left ventricular thickening (LVTR) and so on.The pathologic examinations were carried out on five rats at day 6 after echocardiography exam.The other rats in each group were observed for the survival time of cardiac allograft.Results ①The left ventricular long axis view and the apical four chamber view could be displayed clearly by high-frequency echocardiography.②The survival time of allografts in group C was (16.21 ± 5.01)d,which was longer than that in group B [(11.14 ± 1.72)d,P ＜ 0.05] and group A [(7.26 ± 1.50)d,P ＜0.01].③LVT index got higher after transfection.At day 6,LVEF of group A was lower than group B and C markedly(P ＜0.05) while no significant difference was found between group B and C(P ＞0.05).At day 3 and 6,LVT of group A and B were higher than group C (P ＜0.05) while LVTR was lower(P ＜0.05).Conclusions The Bax gene transfer influence on survival of heterotopic cardiac allograft in rats could be evaluated accurately by high-frequency echocardiography which could assess cardiac structure and function.LVT and LVTR can be considered as early evaluation indexes for its high sensitivity over LVEF.