Objective:To determine the relationship between brachia l artery blood pressure and radial artery blood pressure in children and whether blood pressure measured from the radial artery can replace blood pr essure measured from the brachial artery. Methods:Brachial and rad ial artery pressures in 105 children were measured using an electronic sphygmomanometer.Results:There was no significant difference between the average values of blood pressures of the brachial and radial arteries in the 105 children studied (P>0.05). Linear regression and correlation analyses showed that there was a positive linear correlation between the systolic pressure of the b rach ial artery and the radial artery in the 105 children, as well as a posit ive linear correlation between the diastolic pressures of the brachial and the radial arteries. Conclusion:Blood pressure values from the radial artery can completely replace blood pressure values from the brachial artery.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; methods ; Lipid A ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism

ObjecfiveTo compare the sensitivity of diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)with dynamic contrast enhanced(DeE)MRI for the detection of small breast caJlcers and to evaluate the clinical value of DWI.MethodsForty-eight patients with benign(n=25)and malignant(n=45)small breast lesions(≤2 cm)proved by pathology underwent DWI and DCE MRI.The DCE MRI was performed using FLASH sequence and the time-signal intensity chive was drawn.The DWl was performed using GRAPPAEPI sequence with different b values(800,1000 s/mm2) and the ADC values of lesions were measured.The sensitivity and specificity of DWI for the detection of small breast cancers were compared with DCE MRI. ResultsForty of 45 small breast cancers and 19 of 25 small benign breast lesions were corrlectly diagnosed using DCE MRI.The sensitivity and positive predictive value of TIC were 88.9%(40/45)and 87.0%(40/46).With b values of 800 s/mm2 and 1000 s/mm2,the avemge ADC values of small breast cancers were(1.153±0.192)× 10-3 and(1.079±0.186)× 10-3 mm2/s,while those of benign ones were (1.473±0.252)×10-3 and(1.419±0.255)×10-3 mm2/s,respeetively. There was no significant difference for the ADC values with different b values in the same group(P＞0.05),while there was a signiticant difference between the malignant and the benign lesions(P＜0.05)Thirty-nine of 45 small breast cancers and 19 of 25 small benign breast lesions were correctly diagnosed using DWI with b value of 1000see/mm2.Both the sensitivity and positive predictive value of diagnosis were 86.7%(39/45).The abilities of DWI and DCE MRI for the diagnosis of small breast cancers werle the same. The sensitivity(93.3%)and positive predictive value(91.3%)were improved with the combination of DCE MRI and DWI. Conclusion DWI has a high sensitivity for the detection of small breast cancers,the ADC value can provide valuable information in the differential diagnosis.

An investigation on lipid composition of cow milk in shanghai has been successively made on the day 1,5,8(colostrum) and 45(mature milk) after parturition. The results were as follows; 1. The contents of total lipid, fatty acid, triglyceride, cholesterol and fat soluble vitamin A,E,D3 and (3 -carotene were highest on the 1st day, signinificantly different from the 45th d-ay(p

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation combined ipratropium bromide aerosol in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods One hundred and twenty patients with stable COPD was randomly divided into control group and observation group with 60 patients each.The control group was received ipratropium bromide aerosol inhalation,and the observation group was given salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation and ipratropium bromide aerosol for 6 months.BODE index,SGRQ scores,plasma cortisol and bone mineral density were compared between two groups before and after treatment.Results BODE index scores had no significant difference between two groups before treatment (P＞0.05).After treatment,BODE index scores,dyspnea scale,FEV1％,6MWD and BODE index total scores in observation group were superior to those in control group [ (1.9 ± 0.5) grades vs. (2.3 ± 0.5)grades,(58.5 ± 7.3)％ vs.(50.4 ± 6.2)％,(411.1 ± 56.8) m vs.(347.5 ± 60.4) m,(3.3 ± 1.0) scores vs.(3.8 ± 1.3 ) scores ],there were significant differences (P＜0.05 ).SGRQ scores had no significant difference between two groups before treatment (P＞0.05 ).After treatment and in SGRQ scores,respiration symptom,limitation of activity,disease influence scores in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group [ (20.7 ± 10.3 ) scores vs.(37.9 ± 14.4) scores,(20.7 ± 9.5 ) scores vs.(34.8 ± 13.0) scores,(16.3 ± 6.7) scores vs.(27.2 ± 11.8) scores,(17.5 ± 7.0) scores vs. (34.6 ± 12.3) scores],there were signiticant differences (P＜0.01 ).There were no significant difference of plasma cortisol and bone mineral density between two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions Salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation and ipratropium bromide aerosol in patients with stable COPD can greatly improve the lung function and life quality and with less adverse reaction.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT-3D-TEE) in diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse(MVP).Methods Twenty patients with MVP with more than moderate mitral regurgitation referred for mitral valve repair (MVR) were studied.All patients underwent RT-3D-TEE and mitral valve quantification(MVQ) before MVR.The location of scallop lesions and ruptured mitral chordae tendineae for mitral valve were evaluated,and compared with surgical findings.Carpentier's nomenclature was applied to the mitral valve anatomic localization either RT-3D-TEE or surgery.There were three anterior leaflet scallops defined as A1,A2 and A3,and three posterior leaflet scallops defined as P1,P2 and P3.Results ① The shape and spatial structure of the scallop lesions and ruptured mitral chordae tendineae of mitral valve were clearly displayed by RT-3D-TEE,also could be observed through left atrium view and left ventricular view.② Compaired with surgical findings,RT-3D-TEE was of high sensitivity (100 ％),higher specificity (95.46 ％) and crude agreement (95.83％) in the location of P2,the positive likelihood ratio of location of P2 (22.03) was the biggest,the negative likelihood ratio (0) was the smallest.③ RT-3D-TEE had lower sensitivity (66.67％),specificity (83.76 ％) and crude agreement (83.33 ％) in the diagnosis of location of P1 than other locations,the positive likelihood ratio(4.11) was the smallest,the negative likelihood ratio (0.40) was the biggest.④ The sensitivity,specificity,crude agreement,positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio of RT-3D-TEE in diagnosis of ruptured mitral chordae tendineae accompanied by MVP were 100％,91.67％,95.00％,12.00,0 respectively.Conclusions RT-3D-TEE could clearly display the three-dimensional structure of the lesions of mitral valve.It was of better accuracy in diagnosis of the location of scallop lesions of mitral valve and the rupture of chordae tendineae,and was of important clinical application value in MVR.

Objective To establish an effective qualitative discrimination method for Selaginella medicinal materials.Meth- ods Thin layer chromatography(TLC)method was used.Results The TLC method has a good specialization for identifying Selaginella medicinal materials and can distinguish Selaginella rnoellendorfii from other 10 familiar species in northern areas of Guangdong province.Conclusion The method can help to control the quality of Selaginella moellendorfii Tablet.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of oral placement therapy (OPT) on managing sialorrhea after stroke.Methods A total of 37 stroke inpatients with sialorrhea were enrolled from January 2011 to September 2013 in the authors' department for the study and divided into 2 group on the basis of the time of enrollment.The control group (n =18) received 30min of routine treatment (including such neuromuscular facilitation techniques as Bobath and Rood techniques,motor relearning program,neuromuscular electrical stimulation and ice stimulation),twice daily,and the treatment group (n =19) received 15 min of routine treatment plus 15 min of OPT,twice daily.Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment was used to evaluate the sialorrhea severity and clinical efficacy before and 1,2 and 4 weeks after initiation of treatment.Results Sialorrhea symptom was significantly improved in treatment group after 1 week (P ＜ 0.05),while no significant improvement was observed in control group (P ＞ 0.05).After 2 and 4 weeks of treatments,significant improvements of sialorrhea were noted in both groups.After 1,2 and 4weeks of treatment,the total effective rate were 63.16％,94.74％ and 94.74％,respectively,in the treatment group,versus 5.88％,61.11％ and 61.11％,respectively,in the control group.The total effective rate of the treatment group were significantly higher in the above three time-points than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Oral placement therapy can improve sialorrhea symptom after stroke more effectively than routine treatment.

Objective To select and identify human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-A2-restricted T-cell epitope within heparanase(Hpa),and to provide aeademic bases for peptide-based immunotherapy with malignant tumor.Methods The Hpa sequence was scanned for prediction of the immunogenic peptides-based CTL epitopes using the HLA-binding prediction software SYFPEITHI and BIMAS.Ten the affinity of candidate epitopes to HLA-A2 was evaluated by T2 binding test.Acfivation of T cell was assessed by ELIS-POT and cytotoxictiy by lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)release assay.Results of the six predicted nona-peptides,Hpa(310-318,FLNPDVLDI)showed high affinity of binding to HLA-A2 and led to IFN-γ secre-tion in vitro.Furthermore,Hpa(310-318) FLNPDVILDI could induce PBMC from a HLA-A2 positive healthy donor to lyse specifically HCC-LM6 and SW-480 cells which expressing both Hpa and HLA-A2.Conclusion The nona-peptide Hpa(310-318)FLNPDVLDI may be all HLA-A2-restricted CTL epitope.which is capable of inducing Hpa-specific CTL in vitro.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of ADC for breast lesions with different enhancement shape or mass size. Methods One hundred and thirty-six breast lesions confirmed by histopathology were included in this study. According to enhancement shape and size of the lesion, all lesions were divided into 3 groups: non-masslike enhancement ( G1 ), masslike enhancement with the largest diameter ＜ 2. 0 cm (G2a) and masslike enhancement with the largest diameter ＞ 2. 0 cm (G2b). Echo planar imaging DWI was performed and three b-values (0,500 and 1000 s/mm2) were applied. The t-test was used for testing the difference of ADC between malignant and non-malignant breast lesions in each group. ROC curve was deduced to test the diagnostic efficiency of ADC. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value( NPV), positive predictive value(PPV) and accuracy of ADC for the diagnosis of breast lesions were calculated under the different threshold. Appropriate b value and threshold were determined with the combination of morphologic evaluation. Results There were no significant differences for the mean ADC values between malignant [b =800 mm2/s: ADC value = ( 1.13 ±0. 23) × 10-3 mm2/s,b=1000 mm2/s: ADC value = (1.05 ±0.20) × 10-3 mm2/s] and non-malignant breast lesions [b =800 mm2/s: ADC value = ( 1.28 ±0. 27) × 10-3 mm2/s, t = 1. 636, P =0. 112,b = 1000 mm2/s: ADC value=(1.20 ±0.23) × 10-3 mm2/s, t = 1.720, P =0. 109] in Group 1. The mean ADC values of malignant breast lesion [b =800 mm2/s: ADC value = (1.07 ±0. 15) × 10-3 mm2/s,b = 1000 mm2/s:ADC value = (0. 99 ±0. 14) × 10-3 mm2/s] were significantly lower than that of non-malignant lesion [b =800 mm2/s: ADC value = ( 1.37 ± 0. 37 ) × 10-3 mm2/s, t = 4. 803, P = 0. 000; b = 1000 mm2/s: ADC value= (1.30 ±0.34) × 10-3 mm2/s, t =4.227, P =0.000] in Group 2a. The mean ADC values of malignant breast lesion [b =800 mm2/s: ADC value = (0. 97 ±0. 14) × 10-3 mm2/s; b = 1000 mm2/s:ADC value = (0. 93 ±0. 14) × 10-3 mm2/s] were significantly lower than that of non-malignant lesion [b =800 mm2/s: ADC value = ( 1.40 ± 0. 39) × 10 -3 mm2/s, t = 4. 227, P = 0. 000; b = 1000 mm2/s: ADC value = ( 1.35 ±0. 36) × 10-3 mm2/s, t =4. 329, P =0. 000] in Group 2b. The diagnostic efficiency was equal( x2 =0. 36,P =0. 5460) whenever b value of 800 or 1000 s/mm2 was selected. The highest sensitivity (97.7%) and NPV (97. 1%) were obtained with b value of 1000 s/mm2 and threshold of 1.25 ×10 -3 s/mm2. Conclusion MR DWI is useful for the differential diagnosis of breast lesions with masslike enhancement rather than nonmasslike enhancement.