Objective To study the causes of conversion to open surgery in patients receiving gynecological laparoscopic operations. Methods From January 2002 to December 2007,totally 2630 patients received gynecological laparoscopy in our hospital; 45 of them were converted to open surgery. The data of the 45 cases were analyzed. Results The causes of conversion to open surgery included uterus myoma located at specific locations (25 cases,55.6%),severe pelvic-abdominal adhesion (10 cases,22.2%),uterine horn pregnancy (3 cases,6.7%),ovarian tumors (3 cases,6.7%),surgical injury (3 cases,6.7%) ,and adenomyoma with requirement for uterus conservation (1 case,2.2%). Conclusions Peculiar locations of uterine myoma and severe pelvic-abdominal adhesion are the main causes of conversion to open surgery during gynecological laparoscopy. Detailed preoperative evaluation can decrease the rate of the conversion rate. Right timing of the conversion may reduce complication rate.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine for chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases.Methods By searching in the major databases of CNKI,ISI Web of Knowledge,VIP Information and Pubmed,we collected data of randomized controlled trials pertaining to combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases.Results Twenty-five randomized controlled trials involving totally 3081 patients were collected according to the inclusion criteria,and meta-analysis of the data indicated that combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine can be of great value in the management of chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases in comparison with exclusive use of Western medicine [combined odds ratio(OR)was 3.20 with 95% confidence interval(CI)(2.74,3.73),Z=14.85,P＜0.01].Conclusion The clinical evidence derived from the analysis suggests that the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine for chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases can be effective with good security.

Classical piggyback liver transplantation (CPBLT) is an advanced technique based on standard orthotopic liver transplantation (SOLT),which has more advantages compared to the SOLT.However,there are still some problems with CPBLT to be solved,such as complicated surgical procedures,postoperative hepatic venous outflow obstruction and thrombosis.Recently,in order to solve these problems,modifications have been made,being named ameliorated piggyback liver transplantation (APBLT).The APBLT solved above-mentioned problems,and expanded the application of PBLT.Therefore,this article describes the technique of these ameliorations,and discusses their individual characteristics.

Objective To investigate the effect of radiation-induced heart injury on cardiac troponin I (cTnI)and endothelin-1(ET-1) and observe the preventive and therapeutic effect of fluvastatin. Methods Healthy female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group(c), irradiation alone group(R) and fluvastatin therapeutic group (F). Rats of F group had been gastrogavaged with fluvastatin at dose of 20mg?kg -1?d -1 from 1week before irradiation to the end of the experiment. In C group and R group, rats were gastrogavaged with the same volume isotonic sodium chloride. The rats of R and F group were irradiated with accelerator linear at a dose of 20Gy thoracically. Rats were executed at 5,15,30d and 60d after irradiation, then cTnI in serum and ET-1 in blood plasma were detected. Results On 5d, the content of cTnI in R group increased significantly than that in C group(P

To investigate the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Lygodium japonicum. Methods:Various chromatographic techniques were employed for isolation and purification of the constituents. The structures were elucidated by chemical evidence and spectral methods. Results:A new stigmasterol glycoside,(24R)-stigmastan-3β,5α,6β-triol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1),together with three known phenolic glycosides:6-O-p-coumaroyl-D-glucopyranose (2),6-O-caffeoyl-D-glucopyranose (3),1-O-(E)-caffeoyl-β-D-gentiobiose (4) were obtained and identified by spectroscopic methods. Conclusion:All compounds were isolated from Lygodiaceae for the first time.

To study chemical constituents of the leaves of Nauclea officinalis, eight alkaloids were isolated from 95% ethanol extract by various chromatographic methods. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data (IR, UV, ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR) and identified as naucleactonin C (1), strictosamide (2), vincosamide (3), pumiloside (4), angustoline (5), angustine (6), 18, 19-dihydroangustine (7) and naucleofficine D (8). Compound 1 is a new indole alkaloid. Compounds 6 and 7 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

In the bioelectric measurement, the electrode impedance detection is an important index to the signal quality evaluation and sensor electrode contact condition. In this paper, a method of accurately measuring the electrode impedance based on EEG measurement system was put forward, the method is based on the constant current source excitation signals which are added to the human body, by monitoring the human voltage to measure the electrode impedance. And different reference resistor calibration calculation in different sections was used to reduce the effect of constant current source on the precision of measurement results to improve the measurement accuracy.
Calibration ; Electric Impedance ; Electroencephalography

Objective To investigate the role of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-I) in pre-ecalmpsia. Methods From June 2007 to January 2008,73 women with pre-eelampsia who delivered in the Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College,were recruited, including 35 women with mild pre-eclampsia (MPE group) and 38 women with severe pre-eclampsia(SPE group). And 45 healthy pregnant women were taken as control group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the plasma concentrations of oxLDL in these women. Semiquantitative RT-PCR and Western blot were used to investigate the expression of LOX-1 mRNA and protein in placenta. The expression of caspase-3 mRNA in placenta was determined using Semiquantitative RT-PCR. Results (1) The plasma concentrations of oxLDL in MPE group ( 0.42 ± 0.11 ) mg/L, SPE group ( 0.68 ± 0.12 ) mg/L, were significantly higher compared with control group (0.35 ± 0.14 )mg/L( P < 0.01 ) and the concentrations of oxLDL in MPE group were significantly higher compared with SPE group (P<0.01 ). (2) The expression of LOX-1 mRNA in placenta of MPE group(0.70 ±0.10) and SPE group(0.84 ±0.08) were significantly higher than that in control group(0.58 ± 0.11 ) ( P<0.01 ) and the expression of LOX-1 mRNA in MPE group was significantly higher than that of SPE group (P<0.01 ). (3) The expression of LOX-1 protein in placenta of MPE group (0.79±0.15 )and SPE group(0.90±0.12) were significantly higher compared with control group(0.68 ±0.11)( P<0.01 ), while the expression of LOX-1 protein of MPE group was significantly higher compared with SPE group (P <0.01 ). (4) The expression of caspase-3 mRNA in placenta of MPE group(3.82± 0.18) and SPE group(5.39±0.14) were significantly higher than that in control group(2.19±0.20) (P <0.01 ), and the expression of caspase-3 mRNA in MPE group was significantly higher than that of SPE group (P<0.01 ). (5) In pre-eclampsia groups, the levels of LOX-1 mRNA in placenta were positively correlated with the plasma concentrations of ox LDL ( r=0.93, P<0.05 ), and caspase-3 mRNA expression were positively correlated with the expression of LOX-1 mRNA in placenta( r=0.84, P<0.05). Conclusion Increased levels of oxLDL in plasma may induce excess expression of LOX-1 in placenta, which may be involved in the pathophysiological processes of pre-eclampsia.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin in the treatment of the patients with primary hyperlipidemia in China.Methods:The related literatures in CNKI,VIP,Wanfang medicine network,PubMed/MEDLINE,CBM and Chinese dissertations full text database were retrievaled by computer from the establishment time of database to December 31,2015. Two researchers according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria independently selected the studies and extracted the data and assessed the quality of the literatures.The Revman 5.0 software was used to perform Meta analysis of all effect indicators in various groups.Results:A total of 7 randomized controlled trial (RCT)were included,and there was no significant abnormality in bias evaluation. 8 weeks after treatment, the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)levels of the patients in 5 mg rosuvastain group and 10 mg atorvastatin group had no significant differences between before and after treatment (P >0.05);the HDL-C levels of the patients in 10 mg rosuvastatin group and 10 mg atorvastatin group had significant differences between before and after treatment (P < 0.05),but the TG,TC,and LDL-C levels had no significant differences (P >0.05);the TG,TC,LDL-C and HDL-C levels of the patients in 5 mg and 10 mg rosuvastatin groups had no significant differences between before and after treatment (P > 0.05).12 weeks after treatment,there were no significant differences in the TC and LDL-C levels between 10 mg rosuvastatin group and 10 mg atorvastatin group (P >0.05),but there were significant differences in the TG and HDL-C levels (P <0.01).The incidence of adverse reactions of the patients in three groups had no significant differences (P >0.05).Conclusion:5 mg rosuvastatin and 10 mg atorvastatin in the treatment of the patients with primary hypercholesterolemia have similar lipid-lowering effect;with the the increase of the treatment time and the dose,10 mg rosuvastatin can obviously reduce the TG level and increase the HDL-C level of the patients,and the incidence of adverse reactions of two kinds of doses of rosuvastatin has no obvious difference.

Hypoxia-inducible factors 1α (HIF-1α) is the key cellular oxygen-sensitive transcription factors that could activate diverse pathways in regulating cellular metabolism,angiogenesis,proliferation and migration,enabling a cell to generate adaptive responses to a low oxygen or hypoxic environment.HIF-1 α has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple liver diseases.This review explores the impact of HIF1α on liver ischemia-reperfusion injury and liver transplantation as well as its mechanism.