The application of the multimedia combined with the PBL teaching model to the teaching of Gynaecology and Obstetrics is an open teaching model.It emphasizes that the class-teaching will be problem-based,and it can improve the students' initiative greatly and their enthusiasm as well.In this way,it can urge their desire to participate in the class-room activities and acquire knowledge.The method combined multimedia with PBL can also improve the teachers' teaching skills and their over-all clinical working abilities.

Objective To investigate the changes in the expression of inflammatory cytokines in serum and aorta of rats with chronic renal failure.Methods Animal model of chronic renal failure was established by single nephrectomy and partial ligation of the contralateral renal artery.The rats were randomly divided into three groups(10 each):normal control group(Con),chronic renal failure group(CRF),rats with chronic renal failure and treated with proteasome inhibitor MG-132 group(CRF+M).The protein expression of TNF? was detected by immunohistochemistry and image analysis,the levels of TNF? and IL-1? of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) in blood plasma and culture supernatant were detected by ELISA.Results The protein expression of TNF? 4 and 6 months after operation significantly increased in aorta of CRF group compared with that in CON group(10.7?1.3 vs 4.3?1.7,12.6?2.2 vs 4.3?1.1,P

Aim To illustrate the actions and molecular mechanisms of interventions taken to convert the metabolism pathways of cellular apoptosis caused by hypoxia and hypoxia-reperfusion in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes.Methods Angiotensin Ⅱ(0.1 ?mol?L-1)was applied to induce the hypertrophy of mice cardiomyocytes.The cardiomyocytes received the treatment of hypoxia-reperfusion in a tri-gas incubator to simulate the conditions of hypoxia-reperfusion.Before hypoxia/reperfusion,no drug intervention and pre-treatments of DCA(1 mmol?L-1),TMZ(5 ?mol?L-1),LC(50 ?mol?L-1)and AA(10 ?mol?L-1)were given respectively.The glucose and fatty acid oxidative metabolism rates were measured with radioactive counting methods.RT-PCR and Western blot methods were employed respectively to measure the mRNA and protein expression levels of cytochrome C and apoptosis inducers.The spectrophotometry method was used to measure the activity of Caspase-3 and Hoechst 33258 staining to quantify the percentage of cellular apoptosis.Results At post-hypoxia 12 h and post-reperfusion 4 h,the glucose oxidative metabolism rates in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes all decreased while the fatty acid oxidative metabolism rates increased.DCA,TMZ and LC all could inhibit both the reduction of glucose oxidative metabolism after hypoxia-reperfusion and the elevation of fatty acid oxidative metabolism after hypoxia-reperfusion.AA drove the reduction of glucose oxidative metabolism rate even lower and the fatty acid oxidative metabolism rate even higher in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes after ischemia/reperfusion.At the same time,DCA,TMZ and LC could inhibit the expression levels of mitochondrial cytochrome C and AIF mRNA and proteins,the nuclear translocation of cytochrome c and AIF proteins and the activity of caspase-3.And with the opposing actions to AA,DCA,TMZ and LC could inhibit the apoptotic rate of hypertrophic cardiomyocytes after hypoxia-reperfusion.And AA had the opposite effect.Conclusion Intervening in the metabolism pathway of hypertrophic cardiomyocytes was an effective way to prevent and control their programmed death through inhibiting the expression of mitochondrial apoptotic proteins.

The isolate XGH2321,which isolated from the rhizospheric soil of Rhizophora stylosa Griff in Dongzhaigang Mangrove Nature Reserve in China,was identified as a fungus in the genera of Penicillium based on its morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer(ITS) sequence analysis.After in-oculated in the modified CzapeK-DoX medium(consisted of 4% corn steep,0.3% NaNO3,0.05% KCl,0.1% K2HPO4,0.05% MgSO4,pH 7.4,9% salinity),and cultured under the condition of 28?C in a rotary shaker at 160 r/min for 7 days,the extracts of ethyl acetate and water-soluble from the fermentation broth showed the apparent antibacterial activities against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus,Sarcina lutea,and Bacillus subtilis with the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of 800 ?g/mL and 400 ?g/mL,respectively.While at the same time,these two extracts could also suppress the growth of the plant pathogen,Rhizoctonia solani with MIC of 400 ?g/mL and 200 ?g/mL,respectively.

Fifty-six patients diagnosed as early stage lung cancer by spiral CT scan,underwent CTguided percutaneous transthoracic biopsy with a successful rate of 100%.Forty nice cases were confirmed pathologically including adenocarcinoma in 30 cases,squamous carcinoma in 14,alveolar cell carcinoma in 2 and small cell lung cancer in 3.Three cases were diagnosed as chronic inflammatory lesion,2 cases as tuberculosis and the diagnosis was not confirmed in 2 cases.The results suggest that CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic biopsy is an effective diagnostic measure for patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ lung cancer.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate effects of different treatments on patients with osteoporotic vertebral fracture after percutaneous kyphoplasty in pain and function.

METHODSFrom March 2010 to March 2012,138 patients (165 vertebrae) with thoracic and lumbar vertebral osteoporotic fracture were randomly divided into three groups (control group, treatment group and comprehensive group), 46 cases in each group, and all patients were treated by PKP. Control group were treated with calcium and calcitriol after operation, treatment group added salmon calcitonin see calcimar based on control group, comprehensive group added incrementality waist musculi dorsi function exercise based on treatment group. VAS, ODI scores and BMD before operation, 3 d, 2 weeks, 1 month, 6 months and 12 months after operation were detected and compared.

RESULTSAll operation were performed successfully,38 cases (45 vertebrae) in control group, 36 cases (44 vertebrae) in treatment group and 40 cases (49 vertebrae) were obtained complete following up, there was no significant meaning in following time among three groups (P>0.05). Postoperative VAS and ODI scores at 3 d, 2 weeks and 1 month among three groups were lower than that of before operation (P<0.01). Compared with control group, postoperative VAS score at 3 d, 2 weeks and 1 month were decreasedin treatment group and comprehensive group, but there was no significant meaning in ODI scores (P>0.05). At 6 and 12 months after operation,there was no significant differences in VAS and ODI between control group and treatment group (P>0.05), while VAS score in comprehensive group decreased much than other two groups,decreased continuously (P<0.01). At 12 months after operation, BMD among three groups were increased more than preoperative,and BMD in comprehensive group was more obviously than that of in control and treatment group.

CONCLUSIONPKP, an effective method for the treatment of thoracic and lumbar vertebral osteoporotic fracture, could improve short-term clinical effects by adding calcitonin with calcium supplements and activated vitamin D. Waist musculi dorsi function exercise could improve long-term clinical effects of PKP and improve quality of life.

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Kyphoplasty ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To test the efficacy of low-frequency electrical acupoint stimulation plus rehabilitation training in improving swallowing function after stroke. MethodsEighty dysphagic stroke patients were randomly allocated into 2 groups of 40.Patients in the experimental group received low-frequency electrical acupoint stimulation plus 2 courses of rehabilitation training.Control group patients received the same protocol,but the electrical stimulation was not over acupoints.Their swallowing function was assessed using the Kubota water drinking test.ResultsAfter treatment,both groups showed significantly lower Kubota scores compared with pre-treatment.Prepost test difference was 1.25 ± 0.78 in the experimental group and 0.70 ± 0.72 in the control group,a significant difference.The total recovery rate in the experimental group was 87.5％.In the control group it was 55％.The improvement in swallowing function was significantly better in the experimental group.Conclusion Both groups showed a significant improvement in swallowing function,but low-frequency electrical acupoint stimulation increased the effectiveness of the rehabilitation training.

A total of 41 patients with aspiration pneumonia after nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiotherapy were retrospectively selected from January 2005 to December 2010.They were divided into early bronchoscopy group (n =24) and conventional therapy group (n =17) to analyze the therapeutic effects of early bronchoscopy on temperature,white blood cell (WBC),absorption of chest radiography and mortality rates.The temperature and WBC were at the same level between both groups at pre-treatment [(38.7 ±0.7)℃ vs.(38.5 ±0.7)℃,P=0.633; (15.8 ±4.2) × 109/L vs.(16.2 ±3.4) × 109/L,P =0.430]while the temperature declined obviously after a 3-day treatment [(37.3 ±0.9)℃ vs.(38.4 ± 1.4)℃,P =0.015] and also WBC after a 5-day treatment[(10.6±4.2) × 109/L vs.(15.3 ±6.9) × 109/L,P=0.045].The bronchoscopy group had a faster absorption of chest radiography (Z =-3.515,P =0.00).The mortality rate showed no statistically significant difference between both groups.

We reported a case of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia ( COP) who was admitted to the hospital in July 2008 and reviewed the Chinese literature of COP from 2003 to 2008. The most common symptoms of COP are fever, cough and exertional dyspnea. The imaging characteristics of COP are similar to those of pneumonia, therefore is often misdiagnosed as pneumonia with a high misdiagnosis rate. Lung biopsy is the main method for pathological diagnosis; polypoid growth of granulation tissue was noted within respiratory bronchioles, small airways and alveolar spaces.

Objective To explore the effect of calreticulin (CRT) on cell proliferation and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721 and HepG2.Methods SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA).The transfection rate was detected by immunoflurescence and western blot.The cell proliferation,invasion and apoptosis of SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells were determined by using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays,transwell assays and flow cytometry,respectively.The p-Akt and Akt levels were detected by western blot.Results The growth inhibition rate in the siRNA experimental group of SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells for 24,36 and 48 h were (41.0 ±2.2) ％,(46.5 ±1.6)％,(59.7 ±2.2)％ and (36.8 ±2.7)％,(47.3 ± 1.8)％,(61.5 ±3.2)％,respectively.The apoptosis rate after down-regulating the expression of CRT in SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells for 36h were (45.2 ± 9.1) ％ and (48.9 ± 8.0) ％,respectively.Compared with the blank group and the negative control group,the growth inhibition rate in the siRNA experimental group was lower (P ＜0.05),but the apoptosis rate was significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05).Transwell experiments confirmed that the numbers of invaded SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells in the blank group and the negative control group and siRNA experimental group were (96.8±7.3),(95.6±5.4),(34.0±4.2) and (124.0 ±9.9),(121.6 ±7.0),(70.4±9.5),respectively,indicating that cell invasion in the siRNA experimental group was significantly suppressed (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of p-Akt was decreased (P ＜ 0.05) after down-regulating the expression of CRT for 36h.Conclusion CRT gene silencing by siRNA can inhibit the SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cell proliferation and invasion,but increase the cell apoptosis by regulating PI3K/Akt signal pathway.