Objective To investigate the effect of early enteral nutrition combined with synbiotics agents on normal intestinal flora,fecal SIgA and infectious complications in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods Fifty-three patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage were randomly divided into early enteral nutrition group (control group,n =26) and early enteral nutrition combined with synbiotics group (study group,n =27).The patients in control group started receiving enteral nutrition (RuiSu) within 24 to 48 hours after injury ; Patients in study group received a enteral nutritional support which as well as control group,but added synbiotics (Golden Bifid) in the first 14 days of enteral nutritional support.Stool specimens were Collected on day 0,day 4,day 8,day 15 of enteral nutrition support for quantitative analysis of normal intestinal flora and detection of stool SIgA through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The difference of two groups in infectious complications were observed.Results On nutritional support day 8 and day 15,escherichia coli (P =0.004,P =0.004) and enterococci (P =0.032,P =0.048) expression were lower in study group than the control group,bifidobacteria (P =0.046,P =0.024) expression were higher in study group than the control group.During the study period lactobacillus,bacteroides and clostridium were no statistically significant between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Fecal SIgA expression in study group was higher than control group (P =0.035) on nutritional support dayl5.The incidence of infectious complications in study group was lower than the control group (33.33％ vs.46.15％),but there was no significant difference (P =0.230).Conclusion compared with ordinary enteral nutrition,enteral nutrition combined with synbiotics agents can be effective in improving intestinal flora imbalance and increase intestinal immune function in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To study the nutritional status in different age patients with esophageal cancer during radiotherapy. Methods Ninety nine patients with esophageal carcinoma accepted radiotherapy in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from June 2012 to August 2013 were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups by their age: the younger age<60 years; and the older age ≥60 years. Nutritional status was measured weekly during radiotherapy, and European Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) 2002 were used to evaluate the risk of malnutrition. Results The malnutritional incidence during radiotherapy was 23.5%-29.4% and 33.8%-49.2% in the younger group and the older group, respectively. Compared with baseline nutritional parameters, triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) of the<60 years group started to differ at the first week after the start of radiotherapy (first week to the sixth week:9.14±8.67;7.80±2.90;7.62±2.83;7.56± 2.79;7.90±2.91;7.36±2.67, respectively, all P<0.01);compared with baseline nutritional parameters(2.09± 1.28), ≥60 years group started to differ at the second week (2.34 ± 1.24, P<0.05) after the start of radiotherapy for NRS2002 the third week, 2.49 ± 1.24, P=0.016;the fourth week, 2.51 ± 1.30;P=0.013, the fifth week, 2.55 ± 1.29, P=0.006; the sixth week, 2.57 ± 1.26, P=0.004. There was no significant difference between each time point for TSF in>60 years group (P>0.05). No significant difference was found for body mass index (BMI), arm circumference (AC), arm muscle circumference (AMC) in each group (P>0.05). Conclusion The elderly patients with esophageal cancer had significantly increased risk of malnutrition and decreased nutritional status than the younger patients during radiotherapy. Early start of nutrition interventions in the elderly patients may be benefitted.

AIM: To observe the level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secreted by monocytes cultured with electrical burn serum, and to explore the effect of VEGF on monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion.METH-ODS:The electrical burn serum of the rat was prepared.The normal serum from the rats without treating electric current was also collected for control.The contents of VEGF and its soluble receptor sFlt-1 in electrical burn group were determined by double-antibody sandwich ELISA.THP-1 cells were randomly divided into normal serum group and electrical burn serum group.The contents of VEGF and sFlt-1 in the culture supernatants were measured by double-antibody sandwich ELISA. THP-1 cells were also randomly divided into another 4 groups:normal serum group, electrical burn serum group, normal serum +inhibitor group and electrical burn serum +inhibitor group.THP-1 cells, which were incubated with the serum for 3 h and 6 h, were labeled with calcein-AM and then were added into the well with monolayer of endothelial cell line EA.hy926 to detect monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion.RESULTS:The levels of serum VEGF of the rats with electrical burns were significantly increased, the levels of serum sFlt-1 were significantly decreased as compared with the controls. The levels of VEGF secreted by THP-1 cells cultured with electrical burn serum were significantly increased, the levels of sFlt-1 were decreased correspondingly.Electrical burn serum enhanced monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion, sFlt-1 inhibi-ted the adhesion between monocytes and endothelial cells.CONCLUSION:The monocytes exposed to the electrical burn serum secrete VEGF, which enhance the adhesion between monocytes and endothelial cells.Blockage of VEGF activity may effectively inhibit monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of immediate-effect moxibustion combined with massage for the treatment of knee stiffness after knee ligament reconstruction surgery.Methods A total of 138 patients after knee ligament reconstruction surgery were randomly divided into control group and observation group,69 cases in each group.The control group received joint rehabilitation therapy,which included TDP light radiation,joint exercise by continuous passive motion apparatus,contraction and relaxation of quadriceps femoris muscle and ankle pump.The treatment group was given immediate-effect moxibustion combined with massage based on the treatment for the control group.The treatment lasted from postoperative day 3 to 14.Before and after treatment,Lysholm knee joint scores,joint activity scores and activities of daily living(ADL) scores of the two groups were observed.Results After treatment,the Lysholm knee joint scores,joint activity scores and ADL scores of the two group were obviously increased (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 compared with those before treatment),and the increase in the observation groups was superior to that in the control group,the differences of the alove indexes except for joint activity scores being statistically significant between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Immediate-effect moxibustion combined with massage is effective on preventing knee from postoperative ankylosis after knee ligament reconstruction surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the study of bone marrow cell infusion-induced immune tolerance. METHODS: The Pubmed database was researched using the computer for articles published from January 2000 to December 2008 using the key words of "bone marrow cells, transplantation immune tolerance" in English. Simultaneously, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and China Journal Full-text Database were retrieved for articles published from January 2000 to December 2008 using the key words of "bone marrow cells, immune tolerance" in Chinese. Besides, Organ Transplantation, Transplantation Immune Tolerance and Conference Proceedings of English and Chinese were retrieved by hand. Inclusion criteria: relevant mechanism of immune tolerance; scheme of bone marrow cell infusion-induced immune tolerance; advantages and disadvantages of bone marrow cell infusion-induced immune tolerance; articles in the same circle published in recent years or in authorized journals. Exclusion criteria: repetitive studies or irrelevant articles. RESULTS: Mechanism of immune tolerance comprised cleaning, inability, regulation or inhibition, and ignorance. The scheme of bone marrow cell infusion-induced immune tolerance mainly contained bone marrow cell infusion combined with myeloablative pretreatment, bone marrow cell infusion combined with non-myeloablative pretreatment, pretreatment with immunosuppressive drug or chemotherapeutics, pretreatment of costimulatory signaling blockage, bone marrow cell combined with mesenchymal stem cell infusion. Bone marrow cell infusion-induced immune toleranca could induce long-lasting stable specific immune tolerance by effective immune tolerance mechanism, and had been an effective main method for inducing transplanted tolerance. CONCLUSION: Up to now, clinical immune tolerance is still uncontrollable and facultative. Bone marrow cell infusion-induced stable immune tolerance can develop a new space for organ transplantation.

Cell cycle-related kinase (CCRK) as a novel CDK-activating kinase plays a significant role in cell cycle regulation.Related studies confirm that CCRK is overexpressed in various tumors,and is associated with poor prognosis of the patients,which indicates that CCRK takes part in the generation and development of the tumor.

[Objective]To study the effect of Qingre Yiqi Tongluo(QRYQTL) preseription on proteinria in diabetic nephropathy(DN) rats by means of ob-servation on the expressions of fibroblast-specific protein 1(FSP1) and P-cadherin in in glomerulus in rats.[Methods]60 Sprague-Dawleg rats were divided into normal control group(N), Diabetic nephropathy model group(M), QRYQTL preseription treatment group(Q) and Irbesartan treatment group(I). DN model rats were prepared by intraperitoneal injection with STZ after unilateral nephrectomy. The rats were sacrificed after 12 weeks of the treatment. The creatinine clearance(Ccr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and 24h urinary protein(UPro) were tested. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to explore the expressions of P-cadherin and fsp1 in glomerulus.[Results] ①Compared with M group, the levels of 24-hour upro in Q group were significantly de-creased(P<0.01).The levels of Ccr and BUN in Q group were both lower than those of M group( P<0.05). ② Compared with M group, the expressions of P-cadherin in glomerulus in Q group were increased( P<0.01) and the expressions of FSP1 were obviously decreased( P<0.01). The expressions of FSP1 in Q group were decreased compared with that of I groups(P<0.05).[Conclusions]QRYQTL preseription weakened the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of podocyte by means of increasing the expression of P-cadherin and reducing the expression of FSP1, thereby decreased the Upro and protect the renal function.

Objective To investigate the genetic damage of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE) caused by cigarette smoke combined with nano-TiO2.Methods 16-HBE cells were exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and nano-TiO2(mg/L) at the doses of 0 mg/L CSE+0 mg/L nano-TiO2,50 mg/L CSE+0 mg/L nano-TiO2,75 mg/L CSE+0 mg/L nano-TiO2,100 mg/L CSE+0 mg/L nano-TiO2,0 mg/L CSE+10 mg/L nano-TiO2,50 mg/L CSE+10 mg/L nano-TiO2,75 mg/L CSE+10 mg/L nano-TiO2,100 mg/L CSE+10 mg/L nano-TiO2. After 24 h exposure,HBE viability was evaluated by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay,single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE,comet assay) was employed to assess DNA damage,chromosomal aberration was measured by micronucleus test. Results Except the group exposed to 10 mg/L nano-TiO2,HBE viability of the other treatment groups were lower than that of the control group and Comet % of the other treatment groups were higher than that of the control group (P

Nineteen cases of cardiac myxoma were studied immunohistochemically in order to elucidate the histogenesis of the tumor.It was found that the blood vessels and the stromal cells of all the tumors were positive to vimentin.the matured endothelial cells of blood vessels were positive to UEA.the stromal cells and the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels of a part of the tumors were positive or weak-positive to desmin or myosin.a part of the tumor cells of several myxomas were weak-positive or positive to S-100 protein,and the epithelial markers of AE1 and AE3 were negative in all the cardiac myxomas.Our study revealed that there were various kinds of mesenchymal cells in cardiac myxomas and they might originate from multipotential primeval mesenchymal tissues.The difference of im-munohistochemical reactions of tumor cells reflects the difference of the maturity and differentiation of the tumor tissues.The histopathology and histochemistry of cardiac myxoma were also observed and analyzed.

Objective To study the expression of immune and non-immune related cytokine in corneal grafts of chronic graft dysfunction after penetrating keratoplasty and reveal the possible mechanism of it.Design Clinical experimental study.Participants Including two groups.In chronic corneal allograft dysfunction(CCAD) group,corneas of 8 patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for CCAD who underwent repeated PK operation.Three normal corneas supplied by Shandong provincial eye bank of China were used as control group.Methods The conreal graft were analyzed by immunohistochemical studies.Moreover,the comprehensive analysis was carried out combining the patient's clinical data.Main Outcome Measures CD4~+,CD8~+,F4/80,TGF-?,bFGF and?-SMA in cornea. Results The results of immnunohistochemical studies showed that compared with normal corneas,full-thickness corneal grafts of eight corneas which underwent repeated PK operation had no CD4~+ and CD8~+ T lymphocyte infiltration.F4/80 positive inflammatory cells were more abundant near the stroma of five corneal grafts which underwent once PK operation.Full-thickness corneal grafts of other three corneas which underwent no immune rejection had no F4/80 positive inflammatory cells.The TGF-?positive inflammatory cells were more abundant near the epithelium and stroma of all corneal grafts.The moderate bFGF positive inflammatory cells were present in stroma of all corneal grafts.The?-SMA positive inflammatory cells were more abundant near stroma and the elastic layer of all corneal grafts.Conclusions After PK operation,the results of immnunohistochemical studies of the corneal graft which underwent CCAD showed that there is no evidence of clinical acute rejection.The abnormal expression of antigen presenting cells and non-immune cell specific factors suggest that immune or non-immune factors maybe involve in the occurrence and development of CCAD.