Objectives: To investigate the effects of the extract mixture of alfalfa and perilla on lowering serum lipid, protecting liver and aortic wall in rats. Methods: Sixty SD rats were divided into six groups and were fed different diet. After seven or fourteen days, the rats were put to death and measured for serum lipids, cholesterol content of liver and aortic wall, and pathological change of the tissue. Results: There was a significant increase of serum TC, LDL-C, cholesterol content of liver and aortic wall in the high-fat fed rats. Under light microscope, there were lipid droplets and cholesterol crystal in liver of group high-fat. Compared with the group high-fat, the rats had a significant decrease of those measurements in serum or in tissue in the alfalfa and perilla group. Conclusions: The extract mixture of alfalfa and perilla could prevent the increase of serum TC, LDL-C, cholesterol content of liver and aortic wall in high-fat fed rats, and also prevent the fatty infiltration and cholesterol deposit of liver.

Five inner ears were removed from five rabbits under aneasthesia. The hard, thick bones of outer and middle ears were trimmed off, and the auditory ossicles were taken away. The cochleae were fixed with 2％ glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer for eight hours, then they were decalcified in 10％ EDTA-2Na solution for ten days, and the softened shells of the cochleae were stripped off, and post-fixed in 1％ OsO_4 for an hour, dried at critical point, coated with gold, and observed under SEM.The rabbit cochlea shows two and a half turns, the modiolus is about 3.5mm high, and the organ of Corti lies on the basilar membrane of the spiral lamina. The outer hair cells usually form three parallel rows on the middle and basal turns but occasionally four rows on the top half turn. The inner hair cells form only a single row. Every bunch of the outer hairs consists of about 93-114 stereocilia which together show a "W" shape. Every bunch of inner hairs has about 50 cilia which together show an arch shape. The cilia on the top turn are longer than those on the base. The length and width of the inner and outer hair cells and four other kinds of cells were measured according to photos, and the numbers of these kinds of cells were estimated.Other three cochleae fixed at the time of 1, 2 or 4 hours after death were also observed. In the cochlea fixed four hours after death, the majority of the auditory hairs were found fallen down, which means the fixation of cochlea should be carried out within less than four hours after death.Some of the structural similarities and differences of cochleae among rabbit,human being and guinea pig were also compared in this paper.

Neuroblastoma (NB)is a common malignant solid tumor in childhood,which has various clinical manifestations.It is difficult to diagnose and to prone to early metastasis.It is one of the main diseases causing death in childhood.The treatment of children with high-risk NB is still very challenging.At present,the treatments of NB mainly concentrated in the surgery,chemotherapy,radiation therapy and transplantation technology,etc.In recent years,more studies focus on targeted therapy and molecular biology (genetics) treatment.Targeted therapy is targeted to different specific loci of tumor,so as to kill tumor cells and reduce the impact on the normal tissue,which supplies more safe and effective treatments for children with NB.

Lipocalin-2 is an adipocytokine secreted mainly by adipose tissue. Increasing lines of evidence suggest that lipocalin-2 is an inflammatory factor associated with insulin resistence, obesity and its complications. The precise mechanism of the development of obesity-related disorders induced by lipocalin-2 is not very clear, however, it may be a useful target in drug therapy for obesity-related metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a complicated endocrine disease caused by both genetic and environmental factors,many of which are unknown as far as for the pathogenesis of T2DM is concerned. In recent years,diabetes researchers have paid more attention to the intestinal microbiota. The discovery,verification and molecular mechanism of the intestinal microbiota related to T2DM are the focus of this article. The role of intestinal microecology in the development of T2DM is also reviewed,involving diet,chronic inflammation,short chain fatty acids,bile acids,the intestinal microbiota and circadian rhythm,and microRNA.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of bortezomib combined with dexamethasone and thalidomide in the treatment of autologous stem cell transplantation ( ASCT) in multiple myeloma ( MM) . Methods The randomized con-trolled trials ( RCTs) on combined therapy with bortezomib,dexamethasone and thalidomide for ASCT in MM were retrieved from Pubmed,Medline,the Cochrane Library,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang databases (published until December 2014).The method of the Cochrane systematic review was used to evaluate the quality of the included RCTs and the Review Manager 5.3.5 software was em-ployed for Meta-analysis. Results Five RCTs involving 1 271 patients were included.The meta analysis results showed that the complete remission ( CR) rate,near-CR rate and total effective rate were significantly higher after combined treatment with borte-zomib,dexamethasone and thalidomide when compared with those in other combination therapies [CR+nCR, RR=1.50,95%CI (1.16,1.94),P=0.002;the total effective rate,RR=1.13,95%CI (1.03,1.24),P=0.009].In terms of safety,the grade 3/4 ad-verse events were significantly increased in the group of combined therapy with bortezomib,dexamethasone and thalidomide [ RR=1.29,95%CI (1.05,1.59),P=0.02]. Conclusion Bortezomib combined with thalidomide and dexamethasone for the treat-ment of ASCT in MM can significantly improve the CR+nCR and the total effective rate,but it also increases the incidence of the overall adverse events at the same time.

AIM: To compare the therapeutic effects, adverse reactions and the costs between recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) and human serum albumin(HSA) in treatment of liver cirrhosis patients with hypoproteinemia METHODS: Using pharmacoeconomic cost-effectiveness analysis , rhGH was compared with HSA in treatment of 66 liver cirrhosis patients with hypoproteinemia(divided into two groups). RESULTS:After 4 weeks treatment, the effective rates of rhGH and HSA we- re 69.70% and 84.85%, the cost-effectiveness ratios were 27.36, 38.89, respectively. After 8 weeks treatment, the effective rates of rhGH and HSA were 78.79% and 54. 57% ,the cost-effectiveness ratios were 2420, 60.47, respectively. CONCLUSI- ON: rhGH can effectively treat liver cirrhosis with hypoproteinemia and can obviously increase serum albumin level. From a Long-term point of view, its cost effectiveness ratio is superior to that of HSA.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmaceutical human resources management and new management modes.METHO_DS:Survey and analysis were based on the relevent literature and combined with the actual situations of human resources man_agement of pharmaceutical enterprises in China.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Only by raising the level of human resources management and practicing new management modes,will the pharmaceutical enterprises get sustained benefit of the company and society.

Objective To investigate clinical therapeutic effect of valsartan/amlodipine compound preparation on patients with hypertension. Methods From Juue 2011 to June 2013, a total of 110 columns with hypertension as the research object, according to randomly divided into two groups.Valsartan/amlodipine compound preparation(group A) and amlodipine combined with metoprolol group(group B), continuous administration for 24 weeks, patients symptoms, former state, improve heart function and blood clots compared curative effect were monitored.Results After 24 weeks of treatment with valsartan/amlodipine compound preparation group, compared with group B, SBP and DBP were decreased significantly, the TC, TG and Glu content were also decreased significantly, clinical symptoms improved ratio was 90.91%(P<0.05).Cardiac function improvement recovery was 89.09%(P<0.05).D-Dimer level was decreased significantly(P<0.05), the former state blood clots were effectively prevented.Conclusion The high blood pressure in treatment with valsartan/amlodipine compound preparation has more therapy advantages in clinical treatment .

OBJECTIVE One of the objective of the study was to analyze the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Glasgow children's benefit inventory (GCBI). The other was to explore whether the Chinese version of GCBI could be used as a appropriate evaluation method on children's quality of life (QOL) after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A). METHODS Firstly, seventy-three eligible children and their proxies were interviewed with this survey scale, the survey scale was assessed by split-half reliability, internal consistency, content validity and construct validity. Second, the Chinese version of GCBI used to evaluate the changes of these 73 children's QOL at 12 to 18 months after operation. RESULTS First, the reliability coefficient and the construct validity of the Chinese version of GCBI was satisfactory. Second, almost all children's QOL changed better after operation, it improved the most in physical aspects. CONCLUSION The Chinese version of GCBI had good reliability and validity, and is suitable for assessing QOL of children after T&A. It can help clinician evaluate therapeutic effect in pediatric otolaryngology.