Objective To investigate the compassion fatigue and stress status and the relationship between them of nurses working in secondary hospitals of integrated areas of urban and rural places, and explore the social factors that influence the compassion fatigue and stress status. Methods 378 nurses from secondary hospitals in urban-rural integrated area were selected as samples in Nanjing. Paramedic′s Compassion Fatigue Scale and Chinese Nurse Stressor Questionnaire were adopted to develop the survey. Results The nurse compassion fatigue score was (15.9 ± 1.83) points; Stress status score was (86.18 ± 19.96) points. Urban-rural fringe secondary hospital nurse compassion fatigue status was positively associated with the pressure (r=0.218, P<0.01), and loss of enthusiasm, nervousness, loss of ability to doubt, and morale were on the medical staff work pressure had significant influence (P<0.05). Conclusions The nurse compassion fatigue and stress level were in the medium level; Nursing managers should pay more attention to the psychological health level of the nurses, increase nurses' enthusiasm, alleviate the occupational stress of nurses caused by compassion fatigue.

Objective To study the half quantitative diagnostic method of the high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) with analyzing the characteristic of high-risk and lower risk GISTs with multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT). Methods CT findings of 46 patients with 51 GIST lesions were retrospectively analyzed. The location, size, shape, boundary, growth pattern and other specialties of the tumors in high-risk and lower risk GISTs were studied, moreover statistical analysis was conducted, logistic regression equation was obtained. Results Significant difference was found in tumors' location, size, shape, boundary and distant metastasis between the two types of GISTs. There were obvious correlation between the risk level and tumors' size and boundary which could be used to build the diagnostic equation of high-risk GISTs. Conclusion The equation ln [P/(1-P)]=-2.612X_3+0.371X_5 (X_3:tumors' boundary, X_5:tumors' size) is valuable in the diagnosis of high-risk GISTs.

Treatment of hormonal refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) is nowadays a challenge in the clinic. Although different types of treatment such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, biotherapy, and radioisotope treatment have been used, their effects on patients' survival is uncertain. Docetaxel plus prednisone has been confirmed to be the first line regimen, which can effectively increase patients' survival. Zoladronic acid has been demonstrated to be efficacious in reducing bone related events, and has been widely applied in bone metastasis of prostate cancer. Targeted therapy is currently under intensive investigation for HRPC treatment, and many early clinical studies have shown their effective results, and further studies with larger samples may prove their efficacy. This review will cover different topics in terms of the treatment of hormonal refractory prostate cancer and update the progresses in recent clinical trials.

The duck hepatitis B surface antigen(DHBsAg)particles were purified from the s-era of ducks by sucrose rate zonal and KBr isopycnic centrifugation.Analysis of DH-BsAg by SDS-PAGE revealed the major polypeptide to be 18Kd.The anti-DHBsAg-serum was made by immunizing cavy or rabbit and the anti-DHBsA-IgG was purifiedby DEAE-Sephadex A50.A simple,specific and sensitive Reverse Passive Hemgglutin-ation Assay for DHBsAg have been established with the method of Glutaraldehyde T-wo-step Procedure.The sera of ducks from three districts determined by RPHA andelectromicroscopy showed that the geographic distribution of DHBV is uneven and thearea of higher incidence of hepatitis B is also that of duck DHBV infection.So.therewould be other environmental facts influencing the uneven distribution of DHBV,andprobably that of HBV.

Spinal cord plasticity includes spontaneous neuronal plasticity and task-dependent plasticity which was respectively driven by spinal cord injury and special treatment.Spontaneous plasticity occurred at neuronal and synaptic sites,displaying various forms of axonal sprouting,unmasking of relatively ineffective functional connections and modification of synaptic efficacy.Task-dependent plasticity demonstrated reactivation of central generator pattern and functional reorganization of extensive spinal circuits.Exploration,induction and guidance of spinal cord plasticity will help determine the most optimal treatments and expand therapy methods to further promote function recovery of patients with spinal cord injury.

Objective To observe the effects ofXiaotan Sanjie Decoction on ultramicrostructure in MKN-45 human gastric cancer orthotopic xenograft;To discuss its mechanism for gastric cancer. Methods MKN-45 human gastric cancer cell line was used to establish subcutaneous tumor model in nude mice as an experimental model which passed three generations of tumor source. Then OB glue was used to establish human gastric cancer orthotopic xenograft model. 40 model nude mice were divided into control group, model group (received gavage with saline),Xiaotan Sanjie Decoction group (received garage withXiaotan Sanjie Decoction) and Tegafur group (received gavage with Tegafur), 10 mice in each group. Mice in the control group were under normal diet, without medicine intervention. After 6 weeks of treatment intervention, tumor weight was detected, inhibitory rate was calculated, the ultrastructural changes of gastric cancer cells were detected through transmission electron microscopy.Results The tumor weight inXiaotan Sanjie Decoction group was significantly lower than that in control group and model group (P<0.05,P<0.01). The tumor inhibition rate was 46.2%. Under the electron microscope, MKN-45 gastric cancer cells strain changed to typical apoptosis.ConclusionXiaotan Sanjie Decoction can lead to apoptosis effects on MKN-45 human gastric cancer orthotopic xenografts. All evidences indicate that inducing apoptosis may be one of the most important mechanisms ofXiaotan Sanjie Decoction in treating gastric cancer.

Food Contamination ; Humans ; Infant ; Triazines ; toxicity ; Urinary Calculi ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy

Objective To evaluate the effects of magnesium sulphate on the efficacy of postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with morphine. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes aged 45-60 yr weighing 48-70 kg scheduled for elective upper abdominal surgery were randomly allocated into 2 groups ( n = 30 each) : morphine group (group M) and magnesium sulphate-morphine group (group MS) . If the VAS score=3, PCIA was started. Patients in group M received morphine in a 0.015 mg/kg bolus dose. Patients in group MS received morphine 0.015 mg/kg and magnesium sulphate 0.9 mg/kg. The consumption of analgesic drugs was recorded at 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 h after 1st attempt. The gastrointestinal function recovery time was recorded. Venous blood samples were taken before anesthesia induction and at the end of operation and analgesia to determine the serum magnesium and calcium ion concentrations. Results Compared with group M, the consumption of analgesic drugs was significantly decreased, and the gastrointestinal function recovery time after operation was significantly shortened in group MS (P < 0.05). The serum magnesium ion concentration in both groups was significantly lower at the end of operation and analgesia than before anesthesia induction ( P < 0.05) . The serum magnesium ion concentration in group MS was significantly higher at the end of analgesia than at the end of operation ( P <0.05) .There was no significant difference in the serum calcium ion concentration between M and MS groups. Conclusion Magnesium sulphate can ameliorate the efficacy of postoperative PCIA with morphine.

Objective To explore the benefits of living donor kidney transplantation in child, and to inves-tigate the procedures of renal transplantation, post-operative immunosuppressants regimens and complication management in child. Methods Clinical data, the prognosis of renal transplantation, operative procedure and immunosuppressive agents administrated in 14 children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergo-ing renal transplantation were analyzed. Results The major complications in the early stage after renal transplantation were: 2 cases had acute rejection, 3 cases had severe hypernatremia, 1 case had urological infection, 3 cases had lymphocele. The major complications in the long-term recipients included: 6 cases had hypertension, 3 cases had hyperlipidemia, 4 cases had various kinds of infections, 5 cases had drug-in-duced hepatic injury. The one year survival rates of recipient/graft were all 100%. The average creatinine was 96.43 mmol/L(43-125 mmol/L) for the 14 recipients by the end of this study. All recipients thought their life quality was improved significantly. Conclusions Living donor kidney transplantation is the most ideal method to treat children with ESRD. Adult donor kidneys are suitable to the school age of recipients. The protocol of immunosuppressive therapy (prednisone plus MMF and FKS06) should be applied.

Objective To observe the characteristics of morphosis parameter of the optic disc of physiologie large cup. Methods 100 eyes with physiologic large cup and 74 eyes with normal cup were examined by Heidelberg Retina Tomograph(HRT).The differences of morphosis parameters between two groups were analyzed comparatively on disc area(DA),cup volume(CV),cup/disc area ratio(C/DR),rim area(RA),cup volume(CV),rim volume(RV),mean cup depth(MeCD),maximum cup depth (MxCD),cup shape measure(CSM),height variation contour(HVC),mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(mRNFLt),and retinal nerve fiber layer cross-section area(RNFLcsa).The characteristics of the inferior.superior,nasal,and temporal quadrants of the physiologic large cups were analyzed.Results DA,CA,C/DR,CV,MeCD,CSM(P=0.00.respectively)and MxCD(P=0.04)were significantly larger in eyes with physiologic large cup than in eyes with normal cup.RA,RV,HVC,mRNFLt,RNFLcsa(P=0.00,respectively)were significantly smaller in eyes with physiologic large cup than in eyes with normal cup.The temporal quadrant of RV of the physiologic large cup is the narrowest.RNFLcsa decreased as the following order:superior,inferior,nasal,and temporal(P＜0.05).Conclusions Morphosis parameter of the optic discs of physiologic large cup has its own representation on characteristics.Compared to normal cups,physiologic large cups had larger discs but smaller mRNFLt.The nasal quadrant of DA was larger than the inferior quadrant.