Objective To evaluate the effect of local infiltration anesthesia with different concentrations of ropivacaine on the healing of incision in rats.Methods Seventy-five adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 220-250 g,were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =15 each):natural healing group (group C),normal saline group (group NS),0.20％ ropivacaine group (group R0.20),0.50％ ropivacaine group (group R0.50) and 0.75％ ropivacaine group (group R075).0.20％,0.05％ and 0.75％ ropivacaine 1.0 ml/kg were injected subcutaneously 10 min before incision in R0.20,R0.50 and R0.75 groups,respectively,while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group NS.Five rats in each group were chosen for recording the healing time.Ten rats were taken in each group for recording the length of the incision 72 h after operation.The skin tissues around the incision were removed for determination of fibroblast counts under light microscope,IL-1β content (by ELISA) and the expression of collagen (by immunohistochemisty) and IL-1β mRNA (by RT-PCR).Results Compared with Cgroup,the healing time and length of the incision were significantly shortened,the fibroblast counts and expression of collagen were increased in R0.20 group,the healing time and length of the incision were shortened,the fibroblast counts and expression of collagen were increased,and the expression of IL-1β mRN A and IL-1β content were decreased in R0.50 group,and the healing time and length of the incision were prolonged,the fibroblast counts and expression of collagen were decreased,and the expression of IL-1β mRNA and IL-1β content were decreased in R0.75 group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with R0.20 group,the healing time and length of the incision were significantly shortened,the fibroblast counts and expression of collagen were increased,and the expression of IL-1β mRNA and IL-1β content were decreased in group R0.50,the healing time and length of the incision were significantly prolonged,the fibroblast counts and expression of collagen were decreased,and the expression of IL-1β mRNA and IL-1β content were decreased in group R0.75 (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with R0.50 group,the healing time and length of the incision were significantly prolonged,the fibroblast counts and expression of collagen were decreased,and the expression of IL-1β mRNA and IL-1β content were decreased in group R0.75 group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Local infiltration anesthesia with 0.20％ and 0.50％ ropivacaine can promote the healing of incision in rats,0.50％ ropivacaine provides better efficacy than 0.20％ ropivacaine,and 0.75 ％ ropivacaine can inhibit the healing process.

The physiological and biochemical conditions of adults are relatively stable,while children are in the period of rapid growth and development with all kinds of physical and chemical indicators constantly changing,which brings great challenge to the pediatric clinical laboratories.In addition,children in different periods have different disease spectrum,among which many diseases are particular to children.This opens a new world for the pediatric laboratories.In this paper,a brief overview of problems,characteristics and future development of pediatric laboratory medicine is made.

To study the efficacy of small dosage of simvastatin on the treatment of hyperlipidemia, and the effect of polymorphisms in ApoB gene expression. Sixty one patients with hyperlipidemia were selected and simvastatin 5mg/d was used. TC, TG, HDL, LDL, ApoAI and ApoB and the function of liver and kidney were measured in every patient prior to the treatment and 4, 8, 12 weeks after treatment. RFLPs was applied for determination of polymorphisms on Xbal locus of the ApoB gene. In the total of 61 patients, X + X - genotype was found in 5 patients (8.20%), and X - X - genotype in 56 patients (91.80%), but no X + X + genotype was found. The relative frequency of X + allele was 0.041, and X - allele was 0.959, suggesting X - allele was still a dominant one in the patients with hyperlipidemia. The results showed that small dosage of simvastatin could effectively reduce blood levels of TC, TG, LDL C and ApoB. The levels of TC and LDL C lowering was more prominent in X - X - genotype than that in X + X - genotype (27.62% and 35.02% vs. 22.36% and 20.05%, P

Every stage of tumor initiation and development closely relates to immune regulation as tumor cells tend to evade attacks from immune system by employing the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/ programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) interaction.Therefore,targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has become an attractive approach for cancer immunotherapy.Radiotherapy has long been considered a local tumor treatment modality and it is immune-inhibitory.However,accumulated evidence has shown that radiotherapy might enhance immune function by eliminating the tumor mass and has become a systemic tumor treatment modality.These observations indicate a strong rationale that the radiotherapy and anti-PD1 and anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy may work synergistically to provide a powerful anti-tumor effect.This review discusses current progresses,challenges and perspectives of this novel combination treatment modality.

Objective To perform NAT testing on samples negative for HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV by ELISA, and to learn how many infected blood samples could be missed by ELISA tests.Methods Pooling the donor samples by STAR2000 sampling processor and extracting nucleic acid automatically, HBV DNA, HCV RNA and HIV-1 RNA were amplified and detected by Roche COBAS AmpliScreen TM HBV、HCV V2.0 和HIV-1 V1.5 systems. Samples of 8 donors with negative HBsAg but positive HBV DNA were tested by COBAS HBV MONITOR TM for quantitative determinations. HBsAg confirmation tests were done every 2 weeks by ABBOTT Murex HBsAg V3.Results A total of 16320 ELISA negative donor samples were tested and 8 samples were HBV DNA positive. The missing rate was 0.49‰. No HCV RNA and HIV-1 RNA were detected. Those 8 donor samples, negative for HBsAg but positive for HBV DNA,were all positive for HBcAb by ABBOTT,and 3 of them were positive for HbeAb Low serum HBV DNA loads, in the range of 102~103 copies/ml, were found in the 8 donor samples. HBsAg confirmations were performed and one donor became HBsAg positive after 18 weeks.Conclusion The results show that there is 0.49‰ missing rate of HBV with HBsAg screening by ELISA. HBcAb screening or NAT may be warranted in blood donor screening to limit HBV transmission through blood transfusion.The reason for missing HBV positive samples by ELISA could be occult HBV infection.

Objective To investigate the influence of coix seed triglyceride combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) therapy on AFP, CD4﹢CD25﹢regulatory T (Treg) cells and cellular immune function in patients with advanced primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A total of 50 patients with inoperable HCC, whose imaging examination showed no distant metastasis, were divided into the study group (n=25) and the control group (n=25). Coix seed triglyceride together with TACE was employed for the patients of the study group, while only TACE was adopted for the patients of the control group. For the patients of the study group, transcatheter hepatic artery infusion of 100 ml coix seed triglyceride was carried out during the performance of TACE, and postoperative intravenous drip of coix seed triglyceride (200 ml/d) was used for 5 days. The peripheral blood samples were collected one week before and one month after the treatment to detect the changes of AFP and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3﹢, CD4﹢, CD8﹢,CD4﹢/CD8﹢ and Treg) levels. One month after the treatment, enhanced CT, MRI or PET-CT was performed to evaluate the necrosis degree of the tumor. Results After the treatment, AFP levels was decreased in both groups, when compared the preoperative data the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01); the tumor necrosis rate of the study group was (57.7 ±8.2)%, which was slightly higher than (57.7±8.2)% of the control group, however, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In the study group, the percentage of Treg cells decreased from preoperative (8.27±6.65)%to postoperative (4.22± 1.59)%, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The percentages of CD3﹢ and CD4﹢ and the ratio of CD4﹢/CD8﹢ increased from preoperative (55.78 ±13.66)%, (43.98 ±14.00)% and 1.22 ±0.64 to postoperative (62.29±10.78)%(P<0.01),(51.82±16.32)% (P<0.05) and 1.54±0.80 (P<0.05) respectively, while the percentage of CD8﹢decreased from preoperative (45.71±12.94)%to postoperative (39.70±12.41)%(P<0.05). In the control group, no statistically significant differences in the above mentioned indexes existed between preoperative data and postoperative ones (P>0.05). Conclusion In treating advanced primary HCC, coix seed triglyceride combined with TACE can reduce the percentage of Treg cells, thus, influence the patient’s cellular immune status and possibly decrease the recurrence rate of HCC after TACE therapy.

Objective To explore the common clinical features and mechanism of HenochSchonlein purpura (HSP) in children,and provide evidence and guidance for clinical diagnosis,therapy and prognosis of HSP.Methods Prospective study.Totally 1 232 HSP children blood samples were collected during January 2010 to December 2013 in the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,and the levels of immunoglobulin,complement,T lymphocyte subsets and CRP were detected in the acute phase of HSP.The clinical data were analyzed with these indexes to explore the function of cellular and/or humoral immunity in the pathogenesis of HSP.In addition,this study detected serum IgA levels in 200 cases of sepsis rash,200 cases of urticarial and 200 cases of thrombocytopenic purpura patients and 400 cases of healthy children over the same period to our hospital respectively,in order to find out whether IgA is capable of differentiating allergic purpura rash from other similar skin rashes.Results Compared with healthy children,the IgA level was significantly higher [IgA:2.0 (0.6-7.5) g/L vs 1.1(0.6-2.1) g/L,Z =5.928,P =0.03].When IgA ＞ 1.44 g/L,the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity to differentiate allergic purpura patients from sepsis patients were 77.43 ％ (954/1 232) and 80.00％ (160/200),respectively.When IgA ＞ 1.53 g/L,the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity to distinguish from allergic purpura with urticaria patients were 72.57％ (894/1 232) and 74.51％ (149/200).When IgA ＞0.91 g/L,it had a 95.14％ sensitivity (1 172/1 232) and a 79.45％ specificity (159/200) for the differential diagnosis of allergic purpura and thrombocytopenic purpura patients.When IgA ＞ 1.33 g/L,the sensitivity of distinguishing allergic purpura patients from healthy children was 81.25％ (1 001/1 232),while the specificity was 95.00％ (380/400).Conclusions HSP children show cellular immune dysfunction.Th1/Th2 imbalance and over-activation of Th2 cells result in the increased synthesis and release of immune globulin,causing abnormalities in humoral immune.An increase in serum IgA level of HSP patients can differentiate HSP from other similar rashes.

[Objective]To investigate the relationship of TCM syndrome patterns with gastrointestinal motility and hormones in functional dyspepsia (FD). [Methods] Among 30 cases of dyskinetic FD, 16 with liver depression and qi stagnation were allocated to Group B, 14 with spleen and stomach deficiency to Group C and 20 healthy volunteers served as control group ( Group A). Gastric evacuation, elctrogastrogram (EGG), serum motilin and migrating motor complex (MMC) wave of gastric antrum and duodenum during digestion were examined and analysed statistically. [Results]Gastric evacuation, contraction index and amplitude of phase II MMC wave, contraction amplitude and coordinated contraction of phase III MMC wave, and the main power of emptying EGG in empty stomach were decreased in Group B and Group C as compared with those in Group A,and those in Group C were lower than those in Group B, the differences being significant (P

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of lysine acetyltransferase 5(KAT5) on the radio-sensitivity of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC).Methods:The expression levels of endogenous KAT5 in ATC and normal thyroid cells were detected by Western blot and qRT-PCR. The effect of KAT5 specific inhibitor NU9056 on the radio-sensitivity of human ATC cells and normal thyroid cells was evaluated by colony formation assay. TCGA database, JASPAR database, along with Western blot, microRNA sequencing, qRT-PCR and dual-luciferase reporter assay were conducted to unravel the underlying mechanism.Results:The expression of endogenous KAT5 at the protein and mRNA levels in human ATC cells was significantly higher than that in normal thyroid cells. NU9056 could significantly enhance the radiosensitivity of human ATC cells to 8505C and CAL-62, whereas showed no sensitization effect on normal thyroid cell Nthy-ori 3-1. Knockdown of KAT5 and NU9056 both down-regulated the expression level of miR-210 in the TC cells, while NU9056 decreased the expression level of transcription factor c-Myc. The putative binding sites of c-Myc in the miR-210 promoter region were predicted, and transfection of c-Myc plasmid significantly enhanced the luciferase activity of miR-210 promoter. Elevated miR-210 level was associated with worse survival of patients with thyroid carcinoma. Down-regulated expression of miR-210 decreased the TET2 mRNA level, while inhibition of miR-210 increased the TET2 mRNA level.Conclusion:The aberrantly-activated KAT5/miR-210/TET2 pathway probably causes the radioresistance of ATC, becoming a novel sensitizing target for ATC radiotherapy in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the effects of lipoxin A4 (LXA4) on the inflammatory response to focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) inmy in rats.Methods Fifty-six healthy male SD rats weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into 3 groups:group Ⅰ sham operation(group S,n=8);group Ⅱ cerebral I/R(n=24)and group Ⅲ lipoxin A4+I/R(group LXA4,n=24).Right mid-cerebral artery was occluded for 2 h by inserting cranially a nylon thread with rounded tip into internal carotid artery.LXA4 0.03 nmol/5 μl was injected into cerebral ventricle at 5 min after cerebral ischemia.Neurological deficit was scored at 24 h of reperfusion.Then four animals in each group were killed and their brains were removed for microscopic examination and expression of MPO at 24 h of reperfusion.Meantime,content of IL-1β,TNF-α,TGF-β1,and IL-10 in the brain tissue were measured at 1,6,12,24 and 48 h of reperfusion by ELISA.Glial cell activity was examined at 24 h of reperfusion by immuno-histochemistry.Results Intra-cerebroventricular administrated LXA4 0.03 nmol/5 μl provided mild neuroprotection against focal cerebral I/R injury,improved neurological deficits,and reduced morphological brain damages and PMN infiltration.LXA4 also decreased the content of TNF-α and IL-1β,and increased the content of IL-10 and TGF-β1.The numbers of activated astroglia and microglia were decreased in group LXA4 compared with group I/R.Conclusion LXA4 protects the brain against I/R injury by inhibiting inflammatory response.