OBJECTIVE One of the objective of the study was to analyze the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Glasgow children's benefit inventory (GCBI). The other was to explore whether the Chinese version of GCBI could be used as a appropriate evaluation method on children's quality of life (QOL) after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A). METHODS Firstly, seventy-three eligible children and their proxies were interviewed with this survey scale, the survey scale was assessed by split-half reliability, internal consistency, content validity and construct validity. Second, the Chinese version of GCBI used to evaluate the changes of these 73 children's QOL at 12 to 18 months after operation. RESULTS First, the reliability coefficient and the construct validity of the Chinese version of GCBI was satisfactory. Second, almost all children's QOL changed better after operation, it improved the most in physical aspects. CONCLUSION The Chinese version of GCBI had good reliability and validity, and is suitable for assessing QOL of children after T&A. It can help clinician evaluate therapeutic effect in pediatric otolaryngology.

Objective:To construct the expression vectors of VH and VL from an anti -CD71 monoclonal antibody (line7579) , and express an anti-CD71 mouse/human chimeric antibody (D2C) in vitro.Methods:The variable regions of heavy and light chains from an anti -CD71 monoclonal antibody (line7579) cloned in the pGEM-T vectors were constructed respectively into the expression vectors,p?-Expr(including human IgG1 constant region) and p?-Expr(including human Ig? constant region).The expression plasmid vectors (Chi7579-p?-Expr and Chi7579- p?-Expr) ,confirmed by a clone-PCR and a further sequence analysis, were co-transfected by electroporation into the non-Ig-producing murine hybridomas SP2/0.Results:Screening for transfectomas secreting chimeric antibody was done by cross sandwich ELISA, which identified the transfectomas to secrete a chimeric antibody (D2C) with the human heavy constant region(C?) and light constant region(C?). FCM analysis of culture supernatants of the transfectomas demonstrated that the binding capacity of the chimeric Ab (D2C) to the antigen (CD71) was retained.Conclusion:The construction of the V H and V L expression vectors and the expression of an anti-CD71 mouse/human chimeric antibody (D2C) were accomplished successfully.

Objective To investigate the application of 3D scanning system in medical education technology.Methods David 3D scanning system had its advantages,calibration technique,working flow and post-processing of scanning data described,and then introduced into medical education and underwent series of tests.Results David 3D scanning system gained high modeling speed,and spent only 2 h for actual specimen scanning,modeling as well as synchronized collection and mapping.The scanning accuracy reached industrial level.Conclusion David 3D scanning system gains advantages over the traditional 3D scanning technique,and facilitates medical digital modeling by transforming object information into digital signal.

Physician quality information public reporting can help consumer selection,improve physician performance,and ease the patient-doctor disputes.As well,the selection and evaluating methods for public reporting quality measures have a significant effect in the value and social identity of public reporting.The paper introduced the content of doctor information publication,including patients' safety,diabetes,heart disease,preventing disease and the process of measures selection for public reporting.The paper proposed the multielement and regular publication content,the best publication quality index formulated by multichannel and interest group cooperation,stability and scientificness of test index before publication and the selection measurement of comprehensive index of disease module to provide evidence-based doctor quality information in China.

OBJECTIVE: Differences in clinical features, especially facial nerve canal leision between cholesteatoma in external auditory meatus and middle ear were compaired. METHOD: A retrospective clinical analysis was made. Clinical data included 125 cases of middle ear cholesteatoma with facial nerve canal leision and 28 cases of cholesteatoma occurred in external auditory canal from 2003-01-2014-08 in our hospital. RESULT: Clinical course of cholesteatoma in external auditory canal was 4.97 ± 7.51 years, course of middle ear cholesteatoma was 16.60 ± 14.42 years (P < 0.01). 21 cases (75%) of external auditory canal cholesteatoma were manifested as pneumatic mastoid and 110 cases (88%) of middle ear cholesteatoma were manifested as diploic mastoid respectively. 22 cases (78.6%) of facial nerve canal damage-in mastoid segment in cholesteatoma of external auditory meatus and 76 cases (60.8%) of facial nerve canal damage in tympanic segment in cholesteatoma of middle ear were observed (P < 0.01). The incidence rate of ossicular errosion in middle ear chol-esteatoma was significantly higher than that in external auditory meatus (P < 0.01). The incidence of semicircular canal defects in middle ear cholesteatoma (30.4%), was significantly higher when comparing to the incidence (10.7%) in cholesteatoma of external auditory meatus (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The site of facial nerve canal lesion in middle ear cholesteatoma and cholesteatoma of external auditory meatus were different. More attention should be paid before and during operation to avoid facial nerve injury, including physical examinations, especial otologic exams, radiological reading and careful operation.
Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Ear Canal ; pathology ; Ear, Middle ; pathology ; Facial Nerve Injuries ; complications ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mastoid ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Semicircular Canals ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) on brain injury in the patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Forty-five patients with chronic valvular heart disease,aged 36-62 yr,weighing 42-92 kg,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ,with New York Heart Association of Ⅱ or Ⅲ,undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =15 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),and different doses of rHuEPO groups (EPO1 group,EPO2 group).In EPO1 and EPO2 groups,rHuEPO 40 and 80 IU/kg were injected intravenously before anesthesia induction,respectively.Before anesthesia induction (T0,baseline value),immediately after endotracheal intubation (T1),immediately after aortic cannulation (T2),immediately after cannulation of superior and inferior vena cava (T3),immediately after the beginning of CPB (T4),when each index was decreased to the minimal value during CPB (T5),after rewarming to 36.5 ℃ (T6),immediately after termination of CPB (T7),and at 1 h after termination of CPB (T8),regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2),tissue hemoglobin index (THI),and changes in concentrations of oxyhemoglobin (△ O2Hb),deoxyhemoglobin (△ HHb) and total hemoglobin (△ cHb) in bilateral frontal lobes were recorded.The patients whose minimal rSO2 ≤ 50％ and decrease in minimal rSO2 ≥ 20％ of the baseline value (△rSO2) were recorded.At T0,T8 and 2 h after termination of CPB (T9),venous blood samples were taken for determination of serum concentrations of S100 protein and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) by ELISA.At 1 day before surgery and 8 days after surgery,the patient's cognitive function was assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination,the Digit Span subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R),the Digit Symbol subtest of the WAIS-R,the Trailing Making Test (Part A)and the Stroop Color Word Interference Test,while depression and anxiety were assessed by Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale and Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,respectively.The occurrence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction was recorded.Results There was no significant difference among the three groups in bilateral rSO2 and △ cHb,incidence of bilateral rSO2 ≤ 50％ and postoperative cognitive dysfunction,Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale score,and Zung Self-Rating anxiety Scale score at each time point (P＞0.05).Compared with group C,the incidence of left △ rSO2 ≥ 20％ was significantly decreased,the right △ O2 Hb was increased at T6,8,the serum NSE concentrations were decreased at T9,the serum S100 protein concentrations were decreased at T8,and the number of the Digit Symbol subtest of the WAIS-R completed was increased in group EPO1,and right THI was significantly decreased at T2,T3,T5,T7 and T8,right △ HHb was increased at T2 and T3,and the completion time of Stroop color word interference test B was shortened at 8 days after surgery in group EPO2 (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group EPO1,the incidence of left △rSO2 ≥ 20％ was significantly increased,the right THI was decreased at T2-4 and T6-8,and the left △ O2 Hb at T6-7 and right △ O2 Hb at T8 were decreased in group EPO2 (P＜0.05).Conclusion rHuEPO 40 IU/kg injected intravenously before induction of anesthesia can mitigate brain injury in the patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB.

Objective To compare different noninvasive models in diagnosis of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Methods A total of 838 CHB patients admitted in Shenyang Sixth People’ s Hospital during March 2003 and October 2013 were enrolled in the study.All the patients received liver biopsy, blood and ultrasound examinations; the AST-to-ALT ratio ( AAR), AST to platelet ratio index ( APRI) , age platelet index ( API) , cirrhosis discriminant score ( CDS) , spleen to platelet ratio index ( SPRI) and age-spleen to platelet ratio index ( ASPRI) were obtained.Area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to assess the clinical value of noninvasive models in diagnosis of significant liver fibrosis (S2-4), advanced liver fibrosis (S3-4) and early liver cirrhosis (S4).Results Among six noninvasive models, APRI had the lowest value of AUROCs ( <0.7), while ASPRI had the highest AUROCs value in diagnosis of liver fibrosis.The AUROCs of ASPRI in diagnosing significant liver fibrosis, advanced liver fibrosis and early liver cirrhosis were 0.861, 0.873 and 0.881 with the sensitivities of 69.4%, 76.9%and 87.0%, the specificities of 87.9%, 81.5% and 75.8%, the positive predictive values of 90.9%, 74.9%and 46.1%and the negative predictive values of 62.2%, 83.1%and 96.1%, respectively.Taking<5.2 and≥9.7 as the cut-off values for exclude significant liver fibrosis and diagnosis of significant liver fibrosis, respectively, 49.4%(414/838) of the patients may avoid liver biopsy with an accuracy of 92.3%(382/414).Conclusion ASPRI is of value in diagnosing significant liver fibrosis and early liver cirrhosis in patient with chronic hepatitis B, and the number of liver biopsy can be reduced.

Purpose: This study is to investigate the influence of acupuncture at acupoints Neiguan (PC 6) and Ximen (PC 4) on the stroke volume and the flow rate of peak value of left ventricle ejection in the patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: 60 cases of coronary heart disease were divided into acupoint Neiguan (PC 6) group and acupoint Ximen (PC 4) group, and the stroke volume and the flow rate of peak value of left ventricle ejection were detected 3 min after manipulating needles and 20 min after retaining needles respectively, then were compared with those before acupuncture. Results: 3 min after manipulating needles, the stroke volume and the flow rate of peak value of left ventricle ejection were enhanced in 46 cases, and 20 min after retaining needles, both the stroke volume and the flow rate of peak value of left ventricle ejection were all enhanced in 34 cases. Conclusion: Puncturing acupoints Neiguan (PC 6) and Ximen (PC 4) could enhance the contractility of left ventricle wall, increase the stroke volume of the heart and improve the myocardial ischemia in the patients with coronary heart disease

The clinical and pathological materials of 83 cases of prostatic carcinoma (PC) were reviewed retrospectively and the tissue specimens of PC were marked with prostate-specific antigen (PSA). According to the criteria of Dhom's classification of prostatic carcinoma. 66 cases out of the 83 (79. 5%) were of the common variety of PC, 14 cases (10. 9%) were of the rare variety and 3 cases (3. 6%) could not be classified with Dhom's method. Among the 66 cases of common prostatic carcinoma, 41 cases (49. 4%) exhibited a pathological structure of u-riiforrn pattern and 25 cases (30. 1%) of pluriform pattern. Well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, cribriform carcinoma and carcinoid of the prostate were strongly positive to PSA marking; poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma and almost all the prostatic carcinomas of the rare variety and with the structure of pluriform pattern were positive or weakly positive; undifferentiated solid carcinoma and small cell carcinoma were very weakly positive; and squamous cell carcinoma was negative. In addition, other methods for the pathological classification of prostatic carcinoma used currently at home and abroad were compared and discussed.

Objective Construction of human IL‐4 recombinant expression vector and then conduct the expression ,purification and identification of human recombinant IL‐4 .Methods the open reading frame of IL‐4 was amplified by nest PCR with total RNA from PBMC of healthy volunteer .And then the amplified IL‐4 was inserted into pET101/D‐TOPO ,transformed into BL21 ,ex‐pressed ,purified and indentified .Results The size of amplified open reading frame of IL‐4 was about 460 bp and the sequence was correct .After transformed into BL21 ,the IL‐4 clone with higher expression level was selected by selection of different clones insert‐ed with IL‐4 and the size of expressed ,purified IL‐4 was about 28 × 103 .Western blot results showed that the size of single band was identical with the expected protein .Conclusion Human IL‐4 recombinant protein was got successfully .