The lung is one of the important target organs of chemical poisoning. Chemical toxins may be absorbed into body through blood circulation of the lungs,inducing systemic damage. Mean?while,they may also directly damage the lungs themselves. Lung injury is usually rapid and life-threatening. This review systematically introduced the toxicological mechanisms and poisoning management of lung injury agents.

Alloys ; toxicity ; Cobalt ; toxicity ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; chemically induced ; Tungsten ; toxicity

Pharmacognosy (Chinese Medicine) discipline has a long history and International cooperation is more and more frequent, but the communication of the Chinese traditional medicine cul-ture is very difficult. In order to solve this problem, it is urgent to improve the professional English level of the students. Thus, combined with the education survey and interview results, as well as the reports in previous studies and our own experience, we think about how to set pharmaceutical profes-sional English course and put forward some suggestions such as the innovation of curriculum organiza-tion strategy, convergence of basic English course, teaching content and form being closely linked to academic activities, and paying attention to highlighting the subject characteristics of pharmacognosy (Pharmacy).

Allograft rejection after xero organ transplantation rejection, especially acute rejection is still the major reason of failure and death. Active T cell play key roles in allograft rejection. It has been showed that the expressions of costimulatory molecules are associated with xero organ transplantation rejection. The pathways of CD28/CTLA-4 and CD40/CD40L are important costimulatory pathways that cause T cell activation.The article emphasizes on the role of CD28/CTLA-4-B7 pathway in allograft rejection.

Humans ; Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias ; classification ; diagnosis

Objective To discuss the diagnostic value of soluble scavenger receptor(sCD163)for the patients of malignant tumor associated with fever in early infection .Methods Collect 102 cases of patients confirmed with malignant tumor in this hospi-tal since January to December 2014 ,all the patients were examined with blood culture .102 patients were divided into two groups ac-cording to the results of blood culture :infection group (60 cases) and uninfected group (42 cases) .ELISA ,electrochemical lumines-cence and immune transmission turbidimetric methods were used to detect the levels of sCD163 ,PCT and CRP in serum ,to compare the differences in the above indicators between two groups .The receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was applied to evaluate the application value of sCD163 in diagnosing of malignant tumor associated with fever in early infection .Results The lev-el of sCD163 ,PCT and CRP had statistically difference in two groups(P< 0 .05) ;the critical values of sCD163 、PCT and CRP were 110 .80 ng/mL ,0 .45 ng/mL ,15 .60 mg/L respectively which can suggest the patients with malignant tumor complicated with fever in early infection .The area under the curve were 0 .894 ,0 .835 ,0 .743 respectively ,among that sCD163 area was the largest ;The corresponding sensitivity were 88 .9% ,77 .9% and 88 .0% ;specificity were 77 .0% ,74 .0% and 50 .0% respectively .Conclusion Compared with PCT ,CRP ,sCD163 has more value for diagnosing the patients of malignant tumor associated with fever in early in-fection .

Objective To explore the value of combined detection of bone marrow smear(BMS) and flow cytometry(FCM) to examine bone marrow involvement(BMI)of B cell non‐Hodgkin′s lymphoma(B‐NHL) .Methods Patients with B‐NHL were detec‐ted by BMS and FCM simultaneously .Smears were stained with Wright‐Giemsa′s staining to differentially count neoplastic cells and the processed sample with fluorescent staining for the FCM .Results 93 cases of patients with B‐NHL were detected .The detection rate of BMS and FCM were 11 .8% and 29 .0% .There was statistical difference of detection rate between the two method(P<0 .05) .In 11 cases patients of BMI with the method of BMS ,while using the method of FCM 10 cases were positive .Conclusion Both BMS and FCM are useful to diagnose BMI of B‐NHL ,each of them has individual characteristics .Combined detection of these two methods can increase the diagnostic of BMI .

Objective A classification for hepatic venous outflow obstruction after piggyback liver transplantation (PBLT) and its clinical significance.Methods We conducted a retrospective study on 248 patients who underwent liver transplantation from May 2000 to August 2006.The aims were to elucidate the causes and treatment of postoperative venous outflow obstruction.Results Venous outflow obstruction occurred in 38 patients after transplantation.Among those,2 (5.26％) had superior hepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) stenosis,13 (34,21％) had the hepatic vein anastomosis twisted at an angle,7 (18.42％) had IVC stenosis at the posthepatic segment,and 16 (42.10％) had outflow obstruction at the hepatic veins.In these 38 patients,34 underwent PBLT,2 underwent APBLT,and 2 COLT.Most patients with hepatic venous outflow obstruction improved with surgical treatment and interventional therapy.Conclusions Hepatic vein outflow obstruction was associated with the technique of hepatic vein anastomosis,the type of cavocaval anastomosis and graft size mismatch between the donor and the recipient.Performing piggyback liver transplantation according to the classification of hepatic vein and appropriate treatments could improve the prognosis of venous outflow obstruction in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the effect of specialized human tel omerase antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides (AS-ODN) on the growth inhibition o f well, moderate and poor differentiated gastric cancer cell lines, and to explore its inhibitory mechanism and the correlation between the inhibition ratio of gastric cancer cells and differentiation of the tumor cells. Methods Under the given circumstances, three distinct differentiated gastric cancer cell lines were treated with AS-ODN. The telomerase a ctivities were measured by modified telomeric repeat amplification protocal assa y. The cell viability was detected by Trypan blue test, and the cell apoptosis was determined by cell morphological observation under light and electromicroscope, flow cytometry an d TUNEL assay. Results The telomerase activity and cell growth were apparently suppressed in MK N45 and SGC7901 cells, under defined concentrations of AS-ODN. Whilst, in MKN28 cells, only telomerase activity was suppressed at same concentration . There were no obvious changes in non-antisense oligomers treated group. The apoptotic features of MKN45 and SGC7901 were noticed by microscopic observa tion, TUNEL assay, after three distinct gastric cancer cell lines being continuo usly exposed to 10 ?mol/L AS-ODN for 96 h. Furthermore, the flow cytometric analy sis verified that the average apoptotic rate of MKN45 and SGC7901 was 44.75% and 33.56% respectively, but there were no obvious changes in non-antisense oli gomers treated group (P