Morphologically, kyphosis is devided into two groups, pure kyphosis and kyphoscoliosis, according to whether or not scoiiosis is combined. Or kyphosis can be devided into round kyphosis or angular kyphosis. The examples of round kyphosis are Scheuermanns kyphosis or ankylosing spondylitis. Acute angular kyphosis are of congenital kyphosis or old healed tuberculosis. The purpose of surgical correction of fixed kyphosis is to correct deformity as well as to prevent or to recover from paraplegia. The operation also improve respiratory and digestive function by diminishing compression of abdomen. However, the correction of this deformity is more dangerous in eliciting paraplegia than any other spinal deformity. In considering surgical correction of kyphosis we have to decide which approach is the best for that particular patient at that particular time. Usually majority of patient need combined anterior and posterior approach. The extent of fusion depends upon the flexibility of the kyphosis. Anterior fusion should encompass at least the rigid and inflexible portion of the kyphosis as determined by the hyperextension x-ray of the spine. Posterior fusion should encompass the full extent of the kyphosis. The purpose of this study is to report our results for surgical correction and to find the operative procedure which shows the best result. We hereby report surgically corrected 14 cases of fixed kyphosis who were hospitalized here from April 1988 to February 1995.
Abdomen ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Kyphosis* ; Paraplegia ; Pliability ; Scheuermann Disease ; Spine ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Tuberculosis

Purpose: To determine the incidence and the time to failure of repaired short external rotator muscles through aposterolateral approach in total hip arthroplasties; and to describe the correlation between failure of the repaired short external rotator muscles and the hip dislocation rate. Materials and Methods: Between January 2003 and October 2003, 51 patients (55 cases) were treated with primary, uncemented total hip arthroplasties. The average patient`s age was 51 years (33 men, 19 women). After the short external rotator muscles were repaired, two 26-gauge wires were stitched as a marker to the abductor tendons and short external rotator tendons. The distance between the two opposing reference points was less than 1.2 cm. The distance between the markers was determined on radiographs that were obtained 1 day, 2 weeks, and 3 months post-operatively. A distance of more than 2.5 cm, or an invisible one, indicated failure. Results: Of a total of 52 repaired short external rotator muscles, 45 (86.5%) failed. Twenty-five(48.1%) failed within the first day, 15 (28.8%) within 2 weeks, and 5 (9.6%) within 3 months post-operatively. Regardless of the time of failure of the repaired short external rotator muscles, postoperative hip dislocations did not occur. Conclusion: The repair of short external rotator muscles after total hip arthroplasties has a high failure rate and contributes little to the prevention of hip dislocations.
Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Hip ; Hip Dislocation ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Muscles* ; Tendons

No abstract available.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; HIV ; Humans ; Molluscum Contagiosum*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Eosinophils* ; Gyeongsangbuk-do* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Skin*

No abstract available.
Darier Disease*

Presurgical maxillary orthodontics during neonatal period has been advocated to facilitate cleft lip and/or palate cases through correcting widened alveolar bone and twisting or bending protruded premaxilla. This may improve post-orthodontic surgical lip repair procedure. Premaxilla cannot be moved into the correct position by a passive acrylic appliance alone. Therefore active acrylic appliance may be necessary and force vector, amount and stability of appliance are mandatory. Because neonatal infant still doesn't have a fully grown face, there may be some limitations to apply proper active force to the patient. The authors devised a new active stabilized extraoral appliance which provided stable extraoral force in the cleft lip and/or palate patients. We applied our new device to 2 infants with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate. Stability of extraoral part has been increased by elastic rubber band, and the intraoral part is firmly connected to extraoral part. By using this device, the gap has decreased from 11.5mm to 6.5mm between right and left alveolar ridge in 1-month infant with unilateral case after 7 weeks. In 2-month infant with bilateral cleft, the length between premaxilla and alveolar ridge decreased from 6.5mm to 2.0mm after 4 weeks. We think our intraoral active stabilized orthodontic appliance could be widly used in cleft patients to put their maxillary segments to desirable position. This procedure makes the cleft lip surgery easier, with less tension.
Alveolar Process ; Cleft Lip* ; Cleft Palate ; Humans ; Infant ; Lip ; Orthodontic Appliances ; Orthodontics ; Palate* ; Rubber

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of 166 patients was undertaken to observe radiologically the changes of adjacent segments at follow-up more than three years after lumbar fusion. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to analyse the changes of adjacent segments and to correlate these changes to the length of using level and to the degree of deviation from physiologic lumbar lordosis. The authors also correlate these radiologic changes to the clinical symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In simple x-ray, authors observed traction spur, disc space narrowing, endplate sclerosis and vacuum phenomenon of adjacent segments. Authors used Gelb's criteria in segmental lordosis angle(SLA) and Katz's classification in clinical results. RESULTS: The average age was 49.6 years old and the average follow-up period was 57.2 months(4 years and 9.2 months). We observed radiologically the traction spurs in 35 cases(21.1%), end-plate sclerosis in 32 cases(19.3%), disc space narrowing in 33 cases(19.9%) and the vacuum phenomenon in 10 cases(6.0%). The numbers of fusion segments and the degree of unphysiologic segmental lordosis angle in fusion segments were related with the frequency and degree of changes of adjacent segments(P<0.05). The clinical results showed satisfaction in 142 cases(85.5%), unsatisfaction in 24 cases(14.5%) and low back pain in 24 cases(14.5%), leg pain in 11 cases(6.6%) and extension of fusion level in 4 cases(2.4%). In low back pain patients more than two kinds of radiological changes were frequently observed than the patients without low back pain(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The radiological changes of adjacent segments were more frequently observed in long fusion and in fusion with unphysiologic lumbar lordosis angle. And these changes are frequently associated with low back pain. Thus long fusion and fusion with unphysiologic lumbar lordosis angle should be avoided if possible.
Animals ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Leg ; Lordosis ; Low Back Pain ; Retrospective Studies ; Sclerosis ; Spinal Fusion* ; Traction ; Vacuum

PURPOSE: To evaluate morphologic characteristics of the microcalcifications on mammography that were confirmed pathologically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty five cases of microcalcifications on mammography (fifteen cases of benign lesion, thirty cases of maiignancy) were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: The number of microcalcifications within 1 cm2 were more than 5 in 22 cases (73%) of 30 malignancy and less than 5 in 11 cases (73%) of 15 benignity. The heterogeneity of microcalcifications were seen in 26 cases of malignancy (87%) and the homogeneity of microcaicifications were 11 cases of benignity (73%). The morphologic characteristics of the microcalcifications were linear-V shape in 9 cases (30%), punctate shape in 8 cases (27%), fine stippled shape in 7 cases (23%), and round dot shape in 6 cases (20%) of malignancy and, round dot shape in 11 cases (73%), punctate shape in 2 cases (13%), and linear-V shape in 2 cases (13%) of benignity. CONCLUSION: Numerous irregular microcalcifications that are heterogenous in size and morphology were strong indicators of malignancy.
Mammography ; Population Characteristics ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: Methods to reduce the amount of blood transfusion include perioperative hemodilution, hypotensive anesthesia, the transfusion of previously deposited autologous blood, and intraoperative autotransfusion used the cell saver. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the use of the cell saver in orthopedic spinal surgery. METHODS: One hundred and one patients for orthopedic spinal surgery were involved in this study and divided into two groups: group 1 (no used cell saver, n=51) and group 2 (used cell saver, n=50). We checked transfusion amounts during operation and the changes of hematocrit after operation. RESULTS: The amount of blood obtained from cell saver apparatus was 1220 +/- 651 ml (mean SD). Hematocrit of the autologous blood from this apparatus was 48.5 +/- 2.5%. Amounts of blood transfusion during operation were 4.1 +/- 0.9 IU (400 ml/IU) in group 1 and 2.5 +/- 0.7 IU in group 2 (p<0.05). The hematocrit was markedly decreased at the postoperative 2 and 3 days in group 2 (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that intraoperative salvage technique with cell saver apparatus could decrease the use of bank blood by 40% in orthopedic spinal surgery. However, we should be prepare the blood for the decrease of the hematocrit at the postoperative 2 and 3 days.
Anesthesia ; Blood Transfusion ; Blood Transfusion, Autologous ; Hematocrit ; Hemodilution ; Humans ; Orthopedics*