Objective To reveal the morphologic changes of rats' prostates after castration, and to explore the possible mechanism that causes these morphologic changes. Methods 90 male adult rats were randomized into 9 groups (10 per group), one group as the control, while the others were sacrificed 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21 days post castration. Prostates were harvested, then fixed, embedded, sectioned, and observed by light microscope and electric telemicroscope. Furthermore, sections of the prostates were detected for apoptosis by TUNEL and PCNA by immunohistochemistry. Sections stained by HE were applied to computer-based imaging analysis system in order to count the area of glands, stroma and the width of the epithelium separately. Results Prostatic glands were atrophied, and the secretion of glands was diminished post castration. Apoptosis and necrosis occurred in the epithelia as well as in the stromal cells and the proliferation index was decreased. Conclusions Weight and volume loss of the prostates after castration was due to the loss and atrophy of the prostate cells as well as the decrease of secretion. Apoptosis and proliferation might play a role in the atrophy of the prostate.

Objective To evaluate the safety, efficacy and morbidity of transurethral electrovaporization of superficial bladder tumor (TVBt). Methods TVBt was performed in seventy-three pat iens (mean age 66 years) with superficial bladder carcinoma,twelve of them trans urethral electrovaporization of the prostate (TVP) was carried out simultaneousl y for concomitant BPH. Results The tumor was resected in one-stage for 72 cases,in two-stage for multiple tumors in one patient. The mean operative time was 29 minutes in simple TVBt group, and 78 minutes in the group performing both TVBt and TVP. Intraoperative bladde r perforation occurred in 1 case, No patient need blood transfusion for bleeding . The mean duration of an indwelling urethral catheter was 46h. All patients wer e followed up for twenty-four months, and the recurrence rate was 21% within t wo years after the operation. Conclusions TVBt is a simp le, effective and safe surgery for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer.

Objective To evaluate endoscopic management of bladder neck obstruction (BNO). Methods 44 patients suffering from BNO have been treated by transurethral resection of bladder neck (TURN). Results All patients have been followed up for 6～84 months with a mean of 48 months.The success rate has been 84%.Recurrence was observed in 4 (11%) for all of which TURN was carried out twice or three times with success.The causes of the 7 failures were neurogenic bladder, detrusor-extra-sphincter dyssynergy, BNO with chronic prostatitis (CP) or BNO with chronic cystitis in female patients. Conclusions Endoscopic management is a safe and efficient treatment for BNO.Careful consideration should be undertaken in case there is CP or for female patients.Postoperative adjunctive hormone supplement therapy and long-period urethral dilatation might be needed for preventing recurrence.

AIM: To investigate the expression of ET-1 mRNA in porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cells cultured in normoxic and chronic hypoxic conditions, and their different responses to acute hypoxia were also evaluated. METHODS: In situ hybridization and image -analysis system were used. RESULTS: Acute hypoxia enhanced the expression of ET-1 mRNA in both normoxic and chronic hypoxic group. The increment was more significant in the latter group. CONCLUSION: Chronic hypoxia increased the expression of ET-1 mRNA in response to acute hypoxia in porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cells.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the indication and applicability of participatory research in medical workers′ hospital infection education.METHODS The medical workers in our hospital were divided into two groups with 315 people each.One group was investigated with questionnaires anonymously and then arranged the key issue and the strategy with participatory research.The other group was with the same questionnaires anonymously 3 months later.RESULTS There was a statistics difference between two groups in the comprehension of hospital infection knowledge,hands hygiene,the ratio of wash hands with standard process(P

This paper reviews the concept and structure of Virtual Instruments and the application of VB6.0 to Virtual Instruments. As an example, an acquisition and procession apparatus of EEG signals based on VB6.0 and virtual instruments is introduced in detail.

Objective To explore the influence of maternal free position combined with duole tools during the first labor stage on birth outcomes.Methods 600 normal pregnant women who were routinely examined in our hospital from May 2016 to December 2016 were selected.They were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to the number of prenatal date of pregnant women,each group in 300 cases.The control group was taken routine supine position in the first labor stage.The observation group used free position with duole tools during the first labor stage.The maternal first labor time,delivery mode,neonatal asphyxia,postpartum hemorrhage,maternal reproductive tract injury were observed.The maternal postpartum within 2 hours,the pain score,maternal childbirth response scale (CCB) and anxiety by comprehensive hospital anxiety and depression table (HAD) were assessed.Results The spontaneous delivery rate and tolerable pain of the observation group were 90.0％(270/300) and 73.7％ (221/300) respectively,which were higher than those of the control group [83.3％(250/300) and 62.0％ (186/300)].The maternal perineum II degree laceration and neonatal asphyxia rates of the observation group were 8.3％(25/300) and 1.7％ (5/300) respectively,which were lower than thsoe of the control group [12.3％(37/300) and 4.3％ (13/300) respectively],the differences were statistically significant(χ2=9.31,9.84,9.05,8.39,all P＜0.05).The maternal first labor time and postpartum hemorrhage of the observation group were (10.87±3.06)h and (121.60±15.11) mL,respectively,which were significantly lower than those of the control group [(11.69±2.48)h and (180.52±14.76)mL],the differences were statistically significant (t=8.92,9.74,all P＜0.05).The HAD score of the observation group was (6.04±1.95)pionts,which was lower than (8.76±1.21)points of the control group.CCB score of the observation group was (49.82±7.61)points,which was higher than (45.33±6.90)points of the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t=10.15,11.32,all P＜0.05).ConclusionTaking the free position with duole tools during maternal first labor stage can improve the natural delivery rate,tolerate pain and postpartum response ability significantly,the first labor stage significantly shortened,postpartum adverse reactions and psychological anxiety decreased.

College English education in TCM universities should set up its own unique education system characterized by the TCM characteristics, manipulability and generalizability. Here the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine was taken as an example to discuss the necessity, theoretical basis, specific methods and preliminary achievements of the application ability-oriented college English education reform in the past six years that serves students' learning needs and career development as well as the university's talents cultivation.