DNA content of 25 cases of breast carcinoma was analyzed by flow cytometry in both fresh and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. Aneuploidy in fresh tissue and paraffin-embedded tissues was 72% and 32%, respectively. There was a 52% agreement in analysis of DNA ploidy between fresh and paraffin-embedded tissues. Most of the discrepancies resulted from loss of aneuploid peaks on the histograms of paraffin-embedded tissue. Mean S-phase fraction was slightly higher in a paraffin-embedded tissue than that in the fresh tissue; 19.2 9.1% versus 16.1 8.8% and there was no significant correlation between the S-phase fractions. In statistical analysis, the histologic and nuclear grades were not correlated with ploidy or mean S-phase fraction. Therefore it is strongly recommended to use the fresh tissue in flow cytometric DNA content analysis of breast cancer.
Aneuploidy ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; DNA* ; Flow Cytometry ; Ploidies

Renal cell carcinoma is the most common primary cancer of the kidney. The tumor stage is a reliable prognostic marker in renal cell carcinoma which is significantly associated with patient survival. But assessment of other prognostic factors has produced varying and often conflicting results. We reevaluated the significance of varied prognostic parameters in 33 cases of renal cell carcinoma; clinical stage, cell type, histologic pattern, DNA ploidy, Ki-67 labeling index, and bcl-2 oncoprotein expression. We could not statistically prove that DNA ploidy and bcl-2 expression were related to any examined parameters. Cell type was not related to clinical stage nor nuclear grade but there was a significant correlation (p=0.002) between cell type and histologic pattern. Nuclear grade (p=0.007) and Ki-67 labeling index (p=0.036) were significantly related to clinical stage, suggesting their value as complementary prognostic markers for renal cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; DNA ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Ploidies

Renal cell carcinoma is the most common primary cancer of the kidney. The tumor stage is a reliable prognostic marker in renal cell carcinoma which is significantly associated with patient survival. But assessment of other prognostic factors has produced varying and often conflicting results. We reevaluated the significance of varied prognostic parameters in 33 cases of renal cell carcinoma; clinical stage, cell type, histologic pattern, DNA ploidy, Ki-67 labeling index, and bcl-2 oncoprotein expression. We could not statistically prove that DNA ploidy and bcl-2 expression were related to any examined parameters. Cell type was not related to clinical stage nor nuclear grade but there was a significant correlation (p=0.002) between cell type and histologic pattern. Nuclear grade (p=0.007) and Ki-67 labeling index (p=0.036) were significantly related to clinical stage, suggesting their value as complementary prognostic markers for renal cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; DNA ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Ploidies

Mutation of p53 tumor suppressor gene is now recognized as the most frequent genetic alteration in human neoplasms. Although meningiomas are common intracranial tumors, little is known about the clinical significance of p53 abnormalities in meningiomas. We studied 31 cases of meningioma to investigate the significance of p53 protein expression in meningiomas and its relationships with histological and clinical parameters and proliferative activity. Classical and atypical meningiomas were 16 (51.6%) and 15 cases (43.4%), respectively. p53 protein expression was detected in 4 (25.0%) of 16 classical, and 12 (80.0%) of 15 atypical meningiomas. p53 protein expression was correlated with Ki-67 staining index, atypical type, high histologic score, sheet pattern of the neoplastic cells, vascular proliferation, and male patient (p<0.05). In conclusion, immunohistochemical evaluation of p53 protein and histologic score of meningiomas are useful in assessing the prognosis.
Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Male ; Meningioma* ; Prognosis

Operative reduction is not essential for mild to moderate spondylolisthesis, but some authors agree that reduction of spondylolisthesis is beneficial for widening of intervertebral canal and consequently for decompression of neural tissue even though the degree of slippage is grade I or II. In our institute, we sometimes reduced the slippage for these reasons. But at follow up study we would find redisplacement and the degree of it seemed to be associated with the kind of instruments. So we analyzed redisplacement rate according to the kind of instruments in 59 cases of spondylolisthesis that were followed more than one year. The conclusions were as follow; 1. There was no significant correlation between reduction and redisplacement rate with pathologic type, lesion site, age,iscectomy and clinical result at least in grade I or II spondylolisthesis (P>0.05). 2. The pedicle screw system was more useful in reduction and its maintenance than the Luque ring system (P<0.001). 3. Redisplacement was occurred mainly within 2 months after operation, 4. The cause of redisplacement after reduction seems to be associated with mechanical insecurity before consolidation of the grafted bone takes place.
Decompression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Spondylolisthesis* ; Transplants

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of vertebroplasty and conservative treatment in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients were divided randomly into 2 groups; Group I (conservative treatment) and Group II (vertebroplasty). There are 14 cases in group I and 16 cases in group II. Radiologically, the progression of compression was observed. Clinical evaluation was done using Denis pain scale. In both groups, prolonged pain with nonunion or avascular necrosis that resulted in surgical intervention was evaluated as complication. In group II, the complication associated the procedures were evaluated. RESULTS: Group II was superior to conservative treatment in terms of maintaining vertebral height radiologically. The characteristics of symptom improvement were the same in two groups. There were cement leakage among group II but they did not influence to the results. In group I, 2 subjects needed surgery due to prolonged pain. In group II, 1 subject needed surgery due to prolonged pain and there were 3 cement leakage cases which were insignificant. CONCLUSION: In vertebroplasty group, complications associated the procedures were noted. In conservative treatment group, more patients needed operation. Therefore, we should be very prudent when we choose the treatment of the osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.
Fractures, Compression* ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Vertebroplasty*

Complete testicular feminization syndrome (androgen insensitivity syndrome) is the most common form of male pseudohermaphroditism, transmitted by means of maternal X-linked recessive gene. This syndrome is marked by unique combination; Normal female phenotype, normal male karyotype, 46,XY, normal or slightly elevated male blood testosterone levels and a high LH. Clinically, the diagnosis should be considered in a female with inguinal hernias, a patient with primary amenorrhea and absent uterus. we present a case testicular feminization syndrome with blindly ended vagina and inguinal masses with a brief review of literatures.
46, XY Disorders of Sex Development ; Amenorrhea ; Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Genes, Recessive ; Hernia, Inguinal* ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Male ; Phenotype ; Testosterone ; Uterus ; Vagina

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review was carried out on 23 patients with rigid fixed kyphosis who underwent surgical correction for their deformity. PURPOSE: To report the results of surgical correction of fixed kyphosis according to the surgical approaches or methods. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Surgical correction of fixed kyphosis is more dangerous than the correction of any other spinal deformity because of the high incidence of paraplegia. METHODS: There were 12 cases of acute angular kyphosis (6 congenital, 6 healed tuberculosis) and 11 cases of round kyphosis (10 ankylosing spondylitis, 1 Scheuermann's kyphosis). Patients were excluded if their kyphosis was due to active tuberculosis, fractures, or degenerative lumbar changes. Operative procedures consisted of anterior, posterior and combined approaches with or without total vertebrectomy. Anterior procedure only was performed in 2 cases, while posterior procedure only was performed in 8 cases. Combined procedures were used in 13 cases, including 4 total vertebrectomies. RESULTS: The average kyphotic angle was 71.8degrees preoperatively, 31.0degrees postoperatively, and the average final angle was 39.2degrees. Thus, the correction rate was 57% and the correction loss rate was 12%. In acute angular kyphosis, correction rate of an anterior procedure only was 71%, correction rate of the combined procedures without total vertebrectomy was 49% and correction rate of the combined procedures with total vertebrectomy was 60%. In round kyphosis, correction rate of posterior procedure only was 65% and correction rate of combined procedures was 59%. The clinical results according to the Kirkaldy-Willis scale demonstrated 17 excellent outcomes, 5 good outcomes and one poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicates that the combined approach and especially the total vertebrectomy showed the safety and the greatest correction rate if acute angular kyphosis was greater than 60 degrees.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kyphosis* ; Paraplegia ; Retrospective Studies ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Tuberculosis

Adult intussusception is rare involving of only 1% of the causes of bowel obstruction. We report a case of a 39-year-old female with intussusceptions due to inverted Meckel's diverticulum. She visited our hospital for diffuse abdominal pain during 1 week and aggravated abdominal pain for 2 days. Vital signs were stable, and there was periumbilical tenderness. She had no history of abdominal operation. CT scan showed a 3.7x2.1 cm of fatty mass with focal intussusception in the distal ileum. When the emergency operation was performed, the patient was found to be suffering from ileocolic intussusception. A manual reduction of intussusception showed inverted Meckel's deverticulum at 65 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve, and the segmental resection of small bowel including a Meckel's diverticulum was performed. Pathologic examination revealed a Meckel's diverticulum containing a 0.6x0.6 cm sized aberrant pancreas.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Ileocecal Valve ; Ileum ; Intussusception ; Meckel Diverticulum ; Pancreas ; Stress, Psychological ; Vital Signs

Objective: There is currently no structured interview tool developed that comprehensively evaluates self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITB) in Korea. The Self-injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI) collectively measures suicidal ideation, plans, gestures, attempts, and non-suicidal self-injuries (NSSI). The SITBI’s reliability and validity have been established with it being widely used in English speaking countries. This study evaluated the psychometric validity of the Korean version of the SITBI (SITBI-K). Methods: The SITBI’s validity as a diagnostic assessment tool for NSSI and suicidal behavior disorder (SBD), as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th edition, was examined. Analyses were performed on 108 university students reporting experiences of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (female 84.26%, mean age=22.10, ±SD 3.33). Results: The SITBI-K displayed excellent interrater reliability, with a credible test-retest reliability at two months. Construct validity examined the correlation between the SITBI-K’s modules and approved the self-report results. Appropriate convergent and discriminant validities were obtained for suicidal ideation, plans, gestures, attempts, and NSSI. Conclusion The SITBI-K showed excellent psychometric validity at a level comparable to the original. Its clinical utility for both NSSI and SBD diagnoses was confirmed.