Purpose] This paper discusses, in the information era, how to improve col ege English teachers ’ digital literacy. [Method] A questionnaire survey is carried out of the status of col ege English teachers ’ digital literacy in Zhejiang. [Results]Only 25% universities where the respondents work are wel equipped with adequate digital facilities.54% respondents haven ’t received any training in digital technologies and teaching methods. Most of respondents (90%) are interested in digital technologies;however, only 56%of them often use them in class. 90%respondents consider it necessary to receive training in digital teaching technologies. [Conclusion] Firstly, local universities should offer teachers better teaching facilities, more educational resources and training courses; secondly, education of digital literacy and teaching courses should be combined; final y, teachers should possess a correct judgment and improve their awareness of negative information in the virtual environment with self-protection consciousness.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of combination detection of carcino‐embryonic antigen(CEA ) ,cytokeratin 19 fragment 21‐1(CYFR21‐1) ,neuron‐specific enolase(NSE) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for early lung cancer and its correlation with clinical effects .Methods 69 cases of lung cancer were included into the lung cancer group and 50 cases of benign pulmonary disease were included into the lung benign disease group .All the patients were given bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL) .The chemiluminescence immunoassay was adopted to detect the levels of CEA ,CYFR21‐1 and NSE in BALF .The changes of tumor markers levels were compared between the two groups and among different clinical curative effects in the patients with lung cancer . Results The levels of CEA ,CYFR21‐1 and NSE in BALF of the lung cancer group were significantly higher than those of the be‐nign pulmonary disease group ,the difference was statistically significant (P < 0 .05) .The levels of tumor markers in the stage Ⅱ of lung cancer were higher than those in the stage Ⅰ of lung cancer ,the difference was statistically significant (P< 0 .05) ;the levels of CEA ,CYFR21‐1 and NSE in BALF were gradually increased with the decrease of clinical effect (P< 0 .05) ;the sensitivity and spe‐cificity of the combined detection of three tumor markers were 62 .3% and 82 .0% respectively ,which were significantly higher than those of any single tumor marker (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The levels of CEA ,CYFR21‐1 and NSE in BALF of early lung cancer patients are obviously increased ,moreover which is closely correlated with the pathological stage of lung cancer ,the combined detec‐tion could contribute to improve the detection rate of early lung cancer and guide the evaluation of clinical effect .

Objective To investigate the clinical, hemorheology, transcranial Doppler (TCD) and auditory brainstem evoked response (ABR) features in senile sudden deafness.Methods The clinical manifestations, hemorheology, TCD, and ABR data in 82 patients with senile sudden deafness were analyzed retrospectively.Results (1) The primary symptoms mainly included tinnitus (65.9%) and vertigo (56.1%), which mostly occurred at daytime (53.7%).(2) Most of the patients had risk factors of arteriosclerosis such as hypertension (75.6%), diabetes (59.8%) and so on. These patients had more serious deafness.(3) There was no obvious relationship between high blood viscosity (61% of the patients) and the degree of deafness. (4) 85.4% of senile sudden deafness patients indicated vertebral-basilar artery insufficiency in TCD. There was a positive correlation between blood supply and degree of deafness. (5) The abnormal rate of ABR was 100%. WaveⅠdisappeared in most patients, which showed serious damage of auditory nerve. Disappearing of waveⅠ, Ⅲ, Ⅴ and Ⅰ～Ⅲ, Ⅲ～Ⅴ, Ⅰ～Ⅴ delitescence period delaying might be complicated with the damage of the structure of the brainstem and cochlea.Conclusions The morbidity and degree of senile sudden deafness are associated with insufficiency of blood supply of internal ears. TCD and ABR are sensitive and reliable methods in diagnosis, progression and prognosis of senile sudden deafness.

Objective To investigate the application of video-mediastinoscopic biopsy and treatment for pleural effusion. Methods Thirty-two patients with pleural effusion received mediastinoscopic biopsy or treatment. The patients were maintained at a lateral decubitus. A 2 cm incision was made along the midaxillary line for introducing the mediastinoscope. The pleural fluid was drawn out and exploration with biopsy was conducted under mediastinoscope. For 25 patients with malignant hydrothorax, talcum powder was applied for pleurodesis. Results The operation time was 30~70 min (mean, 42 min). A confirmative diagnosis was obtained by video-mediastinoscopy in all the 32 patients, including adencarcinoma in 22 patients, poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in 2, invasive thymoma in 1, tuberculosis in 5, and inflammation in 2. All the operations were successful and the patients recovered smoothly without severe postoperative complications. Conclusions Video-mediastinoscopy is one of effective methods for biopsy and treatment of pleural effusion.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the number of copies of genes and congenital diaphragmatic hernia by the detection of multiple loci in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Methods Multiple loci were analyzed by Microarray analysis of Affymetrix Cytoscan 750 k in 11 neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, in whom 1 case was twins,and his fraternal twins were diagnosed of fetuse intestinal dilatation. Results A homozygous deletion (8 p11.22 arr[hg19]) was found in one neonate with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and was eventually confirmed that the depolymerization of the biotin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 3A genes lead to homozygous deletion of the 1～15 exon. Conclusion The alteration of ADAM3A copy number may be the cause of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Objective To investigate the effects of hypothermia combined with sevoflurane on myocardial monophasic action potential (MAP) and transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) of the left ventricle in rabbits in vitro. Methods Adult rabbits weighing 1.5-2.0 kg were sacrificed after heparinized and anesthetized.The hearts were immediately removed and perfused with K-H soluation saturated with 95%O2-5%CO2 at 37℃ in a Langendorff apparatus. Forty-eight isolated hearts were randomly divided into 6 groups ( n = 8 each): Ⅰ control group (group C), Ⅱ low concentration sevoflurane group ( group S1 ), Ⅲ high concentration sevoflurane group (group S2 ), Ⅳ hypothermia group (group H), Ⅴ hypothermia + low concentration sevoflurane (group HS1 ) and Ⅵ hypothermia + high concentraion sevoflurane (group HS2 ).Group C received continous perfusion. Group S1and S2 received perfusion with K-H solution saturated with 2.4% and 4.8% sevoflurane at 37 ℃ for 30 min respectively. Group H received perfusion with K-H solution at 30℃ for 30 min. Group HS1 and HS2 received perfusion with K-H solution saturated with 2.4% and 4.8% sevoflurane at 30℃ respectively.MAPs of epicardium, mid-myocardium and endocardium of the left ventricle were recorded. MAP duration at 90%repolarization(MAPD90)and TDR were calculated. Early after-depolarization,delayed after-depolarization and arrhythmia were also recorded. Results Compared with group C, MAPD90 of the 3 layers of ventricle was significandy prolonged, the incidence of arrhythmia increased in group H (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in TDR among all groups ( P＞0.05). There was no interaction between sevoflurane and hypothermia (P＞0.05), and it only showed that MAPD90 was prolonged by hypothermia (P ＜0.05 ). Conclusion Hypothermia combined with sevoflurane exerts no significant effects on myocardial MAP and TDR of ventricles in rabbits, and sevoflurane decreases the incidence of hypothermia-induced arrhythmia through inhibiting the prolongation of MAPD90.

Objective To Investigate the factors affecting the post treatment fever in patients with primary liver cancer (PLC) undergone transcatheter arterial chemo embolization(TACE).Methods Seventeen clinical parameters of 102 TACE procedures were determined as independent variables, while the numbers of days running a fever after the procedure of the patients were determined as dependent variables. A multivariate stepwise regression analysis was performed to determine the factors that had affected the duration of fever. Results The factors that affected the fever after TACE were the dose of lipiodol used, ascites, using gelatin sponge(GS), serum albumin level, a history of fever, pre operative leukocyte counts and age. The volume of lipiodol used had played the most important role in affecting febrile time. Conclusions The amount of lipiodol used is the most important factor affecting the post treatment fever in patients with PLC undergone TACE with a tendency of intensification by using GS. The systemic state and the regional state of the liver before the treatments also play some parts in affecting the fever. Some frbrile cases are probably associated with potential infection. The lasting time of fever can be predicted approximately by building up a multivariate regresion equation.

Objective To investigate the role of KATP channel in cardioprotective effects of remifentanil preconditioning (RFC) against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury.Methods Forty-eight male SD rats weighing 200-250 g were killed and the hearts were immediately removed and perfused retrogradely at 100 cm H2 O with Krebs- Ringer's solution aerated with 95 % O2 and 5 % CO2 in an Langendorff apparatus. Myocardial ischemia was achieved by tightening the snare which was placed around anterior descending branch of left coronary artery and confirmed by the appearance of a regional cyanosis, decrease in coronary flow (CF) and S-T segment changes on ECG. After 15 min stabilization all hearts were subjected to 30 min ischemia followed by 120 min reperfusion. The 48 isolated hearts were randomly divided into 6 group ( n = 8 each): ( I ) I/R group; ( II ) RPC group received 3 episodes of 5 min remifentanil (100 ?g ? L-1 ) perfusion at 5 min interval before ischemia; ( III ) HMR group; (IV ) 5-HD group; ( V ) HMR + RPC group and ( VI) 5-HD + RPC group. Group III and IV received HMR-1098, a selective sarcolemmal KATP channel blocker (1? 10-4 mol?L-1 ) or 5-HD, a selective mitochondrial KATP channel blocker (1 ? 10 3 mol?L-1 ) perfusion for 45 min before ischemia. In group V and \1 HMR-1098 or 5-HD perfusion was started 10 min before RPC. Infarct size (IS) was determined by 2, 3, 5-triphenyl-tetrazolium staining. Coronary outflow was collected and recorded and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in coronary outflow was measured. Results The infarct size was significantly smaller and significantly less LDH was released in group II (RPC) than in I/R group. The protective effects of RPC was abolished by pretreatrnent with 5-HD but not HMR-1098. RPC and HMR-1098 caused a slight but significant increase in CF, however there was no significant difference in CF among ail groups during ischemia and reperfusion. Conclusion Mitochondrisl KATP channel activation is involved in the protective effect of RPC on myocardium against I/R injury.

Objective To elucidate the direct effect of remifentanil on intracellular Ca2+ ( [Ca2+ ]) transients using electrically stimulated individual rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. Methods Male SD rats weighing 190-210 g were used. The animals were decapitated and their hearts were immediately removed. Fresh ventricular cardiomyocytes were enzymatically isolated with collagenase. For measurement of the electrically induced [ Ca2 + ] transients, cells were first loaded with fura-2/AM as a Ca2+ indicator and [Ca2+ ] transient was determined by spectrofluorometric method. The fluorescence ratio of 340/380 run was used as an index of [ Ca2+]. Myocytes were placed in a chamber and perfused with a bicarbonate Kreb's solution at room temperature. Myocytes were randomly divided into 10 groups according to the different concentrations of remifentanil contained in Kreb's solution: control group (no remifentanil n = 8) and 9 remifentanil groups (0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, 10, 30, 100, 300 and 1 000 ng ?ml-1) ( n = 8 each) .Results Remifentanil caused decrease in [Ca2+ ] transients in a dose-dependent manner. Except for group remifentanil 0.1 and remifentanil 0.3, [ Ca2+] transients were significantly lower in remifentanil groups than in control group (P