Objective To explore the adverse effect of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on liver,kidney and heart function during treating children patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) at therapeutic dose.Methods Sixty-five APL cases received As2O3 by intravenous drip and organic toxicity were selected as our subjects.The indices of liver,heart and kidney were measured.Results Of all subjects,19 cases(29.2％) occurred liver damage,including 15 cases(23.1％) mild and 4 cases(6.2％) moderate toxicity.The levels of alanine aminotransferase of patients before treatment was (19.9 ±9.5) U/L,and (24.3 ± 11.8) U/L,(25.0 ± 14.4) U/L at 1 st and 2nd weeks after treatment,higher than those before the treatment (P ＜ 0.05).However,level of alanine aminotransferase was back to normal at 3th weeks after treatment.Meanwhile the levels of aspartate aminotransferase at 1st,2nd and 3th weeks after treatment were (38.3 ± 16.5),(39.1 ± 15.5),(35.3 ± 20.6) U/L respectively,higher than that before treatment((28.5 ± 8.8) U/L,P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),and it was back to normal at 4th weeks.(2) The levels of urinary cystatin C were (2.51 ± 1.45) mg/L,(3.05 ± 1.13) mg/L,(2.46 ± 1.21) mg/L at 2nd,3th,4th weeks after treatment,significantly higher than that before treatment ((1.98 ±0.68) mg/L,P ＜0.05 or 0.01).And the levels of urinary β2 microglobulin at 2nd,3th,4th weeks after treatment were significantly higher than that before treatment (P ＜0.05 or 0.01) and back to normal at 5 weeks after treatment.(3) Nine cases at remission stage showed the symptoms of palpitation,precordial discomfort and increased heart rate,and all those symptoms were mild.And the symptoms disappear at the 3th week after the treatment.Creatine kinase at the 2nd weeks after treatment was (90.2 ± 32.5) U/L,higher than that before treatment ((78.5 ± 22.3) U/L).The levels of creatine kinase isoenzyme at 2nd,3th weeks after treatment were (8.3 ± 4.8) U/L,(8.5 ± 5.6) U/L,higher than that before treatment ((6.3 ± 3.5) U/L).The serum creatine kinase mass at 4th weeks((3.9 ±2.0) g/L) was significantly higher than that before treatment ((2.8 ± 1.9) g/L),and then gradually be back to normal.Conclusion The routine dose As2O3 in treatment of APL children show less toxicity in liver,kidney,and heart Those adverse effects are transient,reversible and they occurred at 1-3 week after As2O3 treatment.Serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase and urinary cystine protease inhibitors,β2 micro ring protein and serum creatine kinase MB mass might be served as sensitive indicators of organ damage.

0 05) CONCLUSION:The two products of valaciclovir tablet are bioequivalent

Objective To study the reversal effect of tetrandrine (TET) on the multidrug resistance of Hep-2/ADM cell line and the possible mechanisms. Methods MTT method was used for the detection of the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of TET on the multidrug resistance of Hep-2/ADM cell line for selection of the non-toxicity concentration. MTT reduction assay was used to investigate the drug interaction of TET and vincristine (VCR) on HNE-1 (200) cell line. The reversal index (RI), accumulation and excretion of drug, and the apoptosis of Hep-2/ADM cell line were detected by flow cytometry. Results No toxicity to Hep-2/ADM cell line was found when TET concentration was lower than 1.5 ?g/ml. After interaction with TET (1.0 ?g/ml and 1.5 ?g/ml), RIs of VCR on Hep-2/ADM were 1.72 and 2.00 folds, respectively. TET at the concentration of 1.5 ?g/ml could increase the drug excretion and accumulation and also the apoptotic rate of VCR-induced Hep-2/ADM cell line. Conclusion TET can reverse the multidrug resistance of Hep-2/ADM cell line. The reversal effect may be related to the concentrations of TET. The possible mechanism may be that TET can increase the cell apoptosis of VCR-induced Hep-2/ADM cell line and can also increase the drug excretion and accumulation of the multidrug resistance cell line.

Objective To compare the effect of 5-fluorouridine(5-FUR) prodrug liposome on the cell proliferation and apoptosis in HEP-2 cells.Methods MTT assay was used to investigate the cell proliferation after 5-FU or 5-FUR prodrug liposome at the dose of 3.0,0.6,0.12 or 0.024 ?g/ml was added into the culture medium of HEP-2 cells for 72 h.Flow cytometry(FCM) was used to measure the cell cycle when the cells were treated with 0.17 ?g/ml 5-FU or 0.05 ?g/ml 5-FUR prodrug liposome for 72 h.The apoptosis of cells treated with 0.05 ?g/ml 5-FU or 5-FUR for 48 h were assayed with FCM.Results The IC50 of 5-FU on HEP-2 cells was 300% higher when compared with 5-FUR prodrug liposome.Treated with 5-FU and 5-FUR prodrug liposome respectively,HEP-2 cell lines were both arrested at S stage.the apoptosis rate of HEP-2 were(10.35?1.33)% and(21.57?0.11)% respectively.Conclusion Compared with 5-FU,5-FUR prodrug liposome inhibits the cell proliferation of HEP-2 cells more significantly,arrests more cells at S phase,and improves cell apoptosis.

Objective To summarize the pathological and imaging features and treatment of retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst.Methods The clinical data of 2 cases treated from October 2001 to November 2009 were summarized.The first patient was a 55-year-old woman with the chief complaint of lumbago in the left flank for 10 d.B-ultrasound showed mixed solid and cystic mass in spleen space with a diameter of 3.9 cm with thin wall and without rich blood supply.CT showed the lesion in the left adrenal gland region measured about 4 cm ×4 cm with low density with CT value of 10 HU,and enhanced scan was not obvious with CT value of 20 HU.It was diagnosed as left adrenal tumor and tumor resection was performed.The second case was a 17-year-old young man with the chief complaint of gross hematuria for 3 weeks after strenuous exercise.Ultrasonography found a 8.4 cm × 7.7 cm × 9.0 cm anechoic area surrounding the bladder.CT showed about 9.0 cm × 7.2 cm × 9.0 cm cystic lesion with thin wall,and the center density was uniformity in presacral space with CT value of8 HU.IVU showed visible semi-circular lower edge on the right edge of the bladder.The patient was diagnosed of presacral cyst and cystectomy was performed successfully.Results The pathology report of the first case:organizing wall with fibrous connective tissue,with most of the lining overlying pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium,goblet cells and subepithelial basement membrane.Pathological diagnosis was bronchogenic cyst,and the patient was followed up for 9 months without recurrence.The pathology report of the second case:pathological tissue fibers false wall tissue lining ciliated columnar epithelium,goblet cells seen in epithelium,fibrous tissue in the visible structure of mixed glands,a small amount of cartilage and muscle tissue.The diagnosis was bronchogenic cyst,and the patient was followed up for 2 years without recurrence.Conclusions Retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst is rare and easily misdiagnosed.Radiology imaging can identify cystic features,while a few may be with high density without specificity.Surgical removal of retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst with symptoms has good prognosis and may prevent malignant transformation and secondary infection.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility and accuracy of length measurement of in vivo teeth by using cone beam CT (CBCT).

METHODSBefore orthodontic extraction, 109 vital premolars from 40 participants were scanned by using CBCT and reconstructed by using InVivoDental software. Buccal-lingual sectional images along the long axis of teeth were then acquired, and the crown, root, and tooth length were measured separately. After careful extraction and fixation, the corresponding length of the same tooth was measured by using a digital caliper. CBCT measurement accuracy was then verified by using physical measurements as reference.

RESULTSCBCT and the physical method did not obtain significantly different measurements of the root, crown, and tooth length of experimental teeth (P=0.790, P=0.621, P=0.657, respectively), and the measurements were found to be consistent. The 95% limits of agreement of root, crown, and tooth length were -1.10 mm to 1.13 mm, -1.00 mm to 0.96 mm, and -1.00 mm to 1.05 mm, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe difference between CBCT and the physical method was not significant, and good consistency was shown. CBCT could be applied in noninvasive measurement of in vivo teeth.

Bicuspid ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Humans ; Tooth ; Tooth Root

Objective:To investigate the prognostic value of gastroepiploic lymph node (GLN) metastasis in transverse colon cancer.Methods:The propensity score matching and retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 371 patients with transverse colon cancer who were admitted to Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from November 2010 to November 2017 were collected. There were 202 males and 169 females, aged from 21 to 92 years, with a median age of 58 years. Patients were performed complete mesocolic excision combined with GLN dissection by one group of surgeons. Of the 371 patients with transverse colon cancer, 15 cases had positive GLN metastasis (GLN+), and 356 cases had negative GLN metastasis (GLN-). Observation indicators: (1) the propensity score matching conditions and comparison of baseline data between GLN- patients and GLN+patients with transverse colon cancer after propensity score matching; (2) follow-up and survival of GLN- patients and GLN+patients with transverse colon cancer; (3) influencing factors for prognosis of patients with transverse colon cancer. Patients were followed up by outpatient examination or telephone interview to detect tumor metastasis and survival. Follow-up was conducted once every 3 months within postoperative 2 years, once every 6 months within postoperative 2-5 years and once a year thereafter up to January 2020. The propensity score matching was conducted by 1∶4 matching using the nearest neighbor method. Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range), and comparison between groups was analyzed using the rank sum test. Count data were represented as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rates and draw survival curves, and Log-rank test was used for survival analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the COX proportional hazard regression model. The variables with P<0.10 in the univariate analysis were included for multivariate analysis. Results:(1) The propensity score matching conditions and comparison of baseline data between GLN- patients and GLN+ patients with transverse colon cancer after propensity score matching: 55 of 371 patients had successful matching, including 44 GLN- patients and 11 GLN+ patients. Before propensity score matching, the age, cases in stage 0 or stage 1 of M staging, preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen were 60 years(range, 24-92 years), 328, 22, 4.1 μg/L(range, 0.2-343.7 μg/L) for GLN- patients, respectively, versus 67 years(range, 21-79 years), 11, 4, 5.0 μg/L(range, 0.7-952.4 μg/L) for GLN+ patients, showing significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups ( Z=-1.440, &chi;2=9.031, Z=-2.086, P<0.05). After propensity score matching, the above indicators were 58 years(range, 45-67 years), 40, 4, 4.0 μg/L(range, 2.0-10.0 μg/L) for GLN- patients, respectively, versus 67 years(range, 59-71 years), 9, 2, 5.0 μg/L(range, 8.0-19.0 μg/L) for GLN+ patients, showing no significant difference between the two groups ( Z=-1.580, &chi;2=0.105, Z=-0.821, P>0.05). (2) Follow-up and survival of GLN- patients and GLN+ patients with transverse colon cancer: GLN- patients and GLN+ patients with transverse colon cancer were followed-up for 12-92 months and 1-70 months, with a median time of 53 months and 30 months respectively. Three cases of GLN- patients and 2 cases of GLN+patients had postoperative liver metastasis, respectively, showing no significant difference between the two groups ( &chi;2 =0.344, P>0.05). One case of GLN- patients and 3 cases of GLN+ patients had heterochronous lung metastasis, respectively, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( &chi;2 =4.870, P<0.05). The 5-year disease progression-free survival rates were 82.3% and 33.9% for GLN- patients and GLN+ patients, respectively, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( &chi;2 =13.366, P<0.05). (3) Influencing factors for prognosis of patients with transverse colon cancer: results of univariate analysis showed that pT staging, pN staging, M staging and GLN metastasis were related factors for prognosis of patients with transverse colon cancer ( hazard ratio=1.599, 5.107, 4.511, 6.273, 95% confidence interval as 0.467-5.471, 1.867-13.971, 1.385-14.694, 2.052-19.176, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that pN staging, M staging and GLN metastasis were independent influencing factors for prognosis of patients with transverse colon cancer ( hazard ratio=6.399, 6.163, 4.024, 95% confidence interval as 2.028-20.189, 1.666-22.800, 1.177-13.752, P<0.05). Conclusion:For the patients with transverse colon cancer, GLN metastasis is associated with high postoperative heterochronous lung metastasis rate and poor prognosis. GLN metastasis is an independent prognostic factor for patients with transverse colon cancer.

OBJECTIVETo study the causes of orchiectomy in different age groups.

METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data about 291 cases of orchiectomy performed between March 1993 and October 2014 and analyzed the causes of surgery and their distribution in different age groups.

RESULTSThe main causes of orchiectomy were testicular torsion (45.8%), cryptorchidism (32.5%) and testicular tumor (16.9%) in the patients aged 0-25 years, testicular tumor (42.4%), cryptorchidism (25.9%) and tuberculosis (10.6%) in those aged 26-50 years. Prostate cancer was the leading cause in those aged 51-75 years (77.6%) or older (84.0%)), and testicular tumor was another cause in the 51-75 years old men (10.2%). Prostate cancer, testicular tumor, cryptorchidism, and testicular torsion were the first four causes of orchiectomy between 1993 and 2009. From 2010 to 2014, however, testicular tumor rose to the top while prostate cancer dropped to the fourth place.

CONCLUSIONThe causes of orchiectomy vary in different age groups. The proportion of castration for prostate cancer patients significantly reduced in the past five years, which might be attributed to the improvement of comprehensive health care service.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Causality ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cryptorchidism ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orchiectomy ; statistics & numerical data ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; surgery ; Testicular Neoplasms ; surgery ; Tuberculosis, Male Genital ; surgery ; Young Adult

A strain of grass carp reovirus was isolated from sick grass carp with symptoms of haemorrhage in Guangdong province in 2009. The strain was tentatively named as GCRV-GD108 because it was isolated from grass carp and possessed 11 segments of dsRNA. Complete genome sequence analysis showed that significant differences existed between GCRV-GD108 and GCRV, as well as other known species of aquareovirus. In this study, molecular characteristics of diseased grass carp collected from different farms in Guangdong, Fujian and Hunan provinces were assayed. Based on the sequences of the 11 segments of GCRV-GD108, PCR primers corresponding to each of the segments were designed and synthesized. Total RNA of the diseased fish was extracted and used as templates of RT-PCR reaction. Specific amplification bands were obtained from all of the samples whereas no band was produced from GCRV standard strain. While using the primers specific to GCRV produced specific band in GCRV standard strain rather than in these collected samples. Sequencing of the amplification products showed that these samples displayed high similarities with each other (95.2%-99.4%), and they also shared high sequence similarities with that of GCRV-GD108 (95.0%-99.8%), suggesting that these samples shared similar molecular characteristics with those of GCRV-GD108, and were quite different from GCRV as well as the known species of genus aquareovirus. The results indicated that there are different molecular types of reovirus existed in the pond-cultured grass carp in China, and GCRV-GD108 is a representative strain in southern China, therefore great attention should be paid in order to control the disease efficiently, especially in vaccine preparation. Two pairs of primers were chosen to establish a duplex PCR assay method by combining each pair of the primers specific to GCRV-GD108 with the GCRV primer pair respectively. The duplex PCR assay method will enable the identification of GCRV-GD108 or GCRV by only a single PCR reaction.
Animals ; Carps ; virology ; China ; Fish Diseases ; diagnosis ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Reoviridae ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Reoviridae Infections ; veterinary ; virology

PURPOSETo verify whether there exists any difference in higher order aberrations after undergoing myopic LASIK (laser in situ keratomileusis) with conventional ablation and customized ablation in different eyes of the same patient.

METHODSThis was a prospective randomized study of 54 myopic eyes (27 patients) that underwent LASIK using the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser system (Nidek, Gamagori, Japan). Topography-guided customized aspheric treatment zone (CATz) was used in the first eye of the patient (study group) and the other eye of the same patient was operated on with conventional ablation (control group). Higher order aberrations [root-mean-square (RMS) in the 5-mm zone] of both groups were observed with the Nidek OPD-Scan aberrometer before and 3 months after LASIK. Preoperative mean refractive error was similar between two eyes of the same patient (t=-0.577, P>0.05).

RESULTSPreoperatively, higher order aberrations (RMS in the 5-mm zone) in the CATz ablation and conventional groups were (0.3600+/-0.0341) microm and (0.2680+/-0.1421) microm, respectively. This difference was not statistically significant (t=1.292, P>0.05). Three months after LASIK, higher order aberrations (RMS in 5-mm zone) in the CATz ablation and conventional groups were (0.3627+/-0.1510) microm and (0.3991+/-0.1582) microm, respectively. No statistically significant difference was noted between pre- and postoperative higher order aberrations in the CATz group (t=-0.047, P>0.05). However, a statistically significant increase in higher order aberrations was observed after conventional ablation (t=-5.261, P<0.05). A statistically significant difference was noted in the increase of higher order aberrations after LASIK between groups (t=-2.050, P=0.045).

CONCLUSIONLASIK with conventional ablation and topography-guided CATz ablation resulted in the same BSCVA (best spectacle-corrected visual acuity) 3 month after LASIK. Higher order aberrations were increased, but the increase of higher order aberrations after customized ablation treatment was less than that after conventional ablation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; methods ; Myopia ; surgery ; Prospective Studies ; Visual Acuity