Objective To investigate the pathogens distribution and their drug resistance of blood culture-positive neonates with sepsis in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) and to provide evidence for clinically reasonable use of antibiotics.Methods One thousand four hundred and fifty neonates admitted to our NICU of Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College from Jan 2009 to Jul 2011 were enrolled.The blood samples from 1 450 neonates were cultured and isolated,and all of the isolates and their resistances were analyzed retrospectively.Results A total of 9 species and 233 pathogenic strains were isolated from 1 450 specimens,and the positive rate was 16.1％.Among the 233 strains,93 strains were gram-positive cocci,103 strains were gram-negative bacilli,and 37 strains were fungus.Among gram-positive cocci,the most dominant organism was coagulase negative staphylococcus,the next was Staphylococcus aureus;while among gram-negative bacilli,Ktebsiella pneumoniae were the most frequently isolated,the next were Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii,and among the fungus,monilia were the most isolated.The resistance rates of gram-positive cocci to vancomycin,linezolid and teicoplanin were high.Moreover,the antibiotic resistance rates to penicillin,oxazocilline and the β-lactamase were more than 95％.Gram-negative bacilli were sensitive to levofloxacin,imipenem and meropenem.A majority of fungus was Monilia,which was sensitive to antifungal.Conclusion Coagulase negative staphylococcus,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are the the most common pathogens of neonatal sepsis in NICU,and have high drug resistance.Clinicians should select sensitive drug treatment according to bacterial identification and susceptibility testing.Besides,mycotic infection cannot be ignored and merit our attention.

Objective To build the schema of combination between commercially available ultrasound contrast agent SonoVue and self-made liposomes,and determine its efficiency. Methods Microbubbles was labeled by carbocyanines dye DiI. The effect of DSPE-PEG-FITC labelling was determined by flow cytometer to evaluate the insertion efficiency of the amphipathic molecule DSPE-PEG(2000)Amine into lipid monomers shell. Aminated fluorescent liposomes were prepared by rotary evaporation and their size were determined by laser particle size analyzer. Liposomes and microbubbles were combined by two-step glutaraldehyde crosslinking. The impact of liposome concentration and DSPE-PEG (2000)Amine concentration on the construction efficiency of the complex of SonoVue conjugated to liposomes was determined by flow cytometer and multifunctional ELIASA respectively. Results The configuration of SonoVue microbubbles labeled by DiI and DSPE-PEG-FITC showed fine. The combination between liposomes and microbubbles was realized by glutaraldehyde crosslinking. The flow cytometer showed that 200 μl liposomes solution per 200 μl microbubbles suspension was the optimal proportion, with the peak positive rate as (87.80 ± 5.91)%. Multifunctional ELIASA showed that 150 μl DSPE-PEG (2000)Amine (100 μm) solution per 200 μl microbubbles suspension was the optimal proportion, with the peak carry efficiency as (83.41±2.21)%. Conclusions The amination of commercially available SonoVue is realized by the insertion of DSPE-PEG (2000) Amine molecule. Glutaraldehyde crosslinking the liposomes and microbubbles is feasible. Moreover, we can choose other active groups to modify the microbubbles and liposomes, construct more convenient methods with higher efficiency.

Objective To establish a model to predict the cell-cycle process in response to ionizing radiation.Methods Human choroidal malignant melanoma 92-1 cells were used and the cell cycle distribution of cells was analyzed in 0-96 h after exposure to X-rays.A phenomenological model was constructed based on biological knowledge to describe the cell cycle dynamics in experiments.Results In the present study,a phenomenological model was constructed to describe the cellcycle dynamics of synchronized 92-1 cells in responding to various doses of ionizing radiation.The simulation results obtained with the model were consistent with the experimental data,demonstrating that the model had a good expansibility and could be used to predict the dynamics of cell cycle in responding to ionizing radiation.Further theoretical modeling of the cellcycle dynamics was made and the results were consistent with the simulation.Conclusions A phenomenological model was constructed which could be used to describe the dynamics of cell cycle of cells exposed to ionizing radiation and was supported by the experimental data.Because this model is easy to run by the written code,it has a good expansibility for studying the behaviors of cell populations under various conditions.

Objective To compare the diagnostic performances of strain elastography (SE) and shear-wave elastography (SWE) in differentiating benign and malignant solid breast lesions. Methods From January 2015 to December 2015, 150 patients with 155 lesions were examined with SE and SWE respectively in the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University. Elasticity scores on a improved 5-point scale,strain ratio (SR), maximum elasticity (Emax), mean elasticity (Emean), standard deviation of the elasticity (Esd) and the lesion-to-fat elasticity ratio (Eratio) were assessed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of SE and SWE parameters were plotted to assess the value in distinguishing benign and malignant breast lesions. The results were compared using the area under the ROC curve (AUC). The accuracy of the parameters with the largest AUC were compared between SE and SWE by McNemar test in different breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) categories. Results The AUC of elasticity scores, SR, Emax,Emean, Esd and Eratio were 0.823, 0.810, 0.877, 0.835, 0.881 and 0.853, respectively. The SE and SWE parameter with the largest AUC were elasticity scores and Esd respectively. The accuracy of Esd was higher than that of elasticity scores(86.3% vs 64.7%)in 4A lesions (2=4.639, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in accuracy in other BI-RADS categories. Conclusions Both SE and SWE were helpful for the differentiation of benign and malignant solid breast lesions, and the diagnostic performance of SE and SWE was similar. The optimization of elastography can be achieved by combination with BI-RADS.

To set up a method of amplification for the whole CagA gene of Helicobacter pylori and its fingerprinting by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), nested PCR was employed in combination with TD-PCR to amplify the gene and EcoRI and Hind III were used to generate the RFLP fingerprinting. Target DNA fragments from 13 of 20 samples were successfully amplified and the relevant RFLP fingerprintings were obtained. It is concluded that the method can be used to amplify the whole CagA gene and CagA gene has apparent diversity of RFLP profile.
Antigens, Bacterial/*genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/*genetics ; DNA Fingerprinting/methods ; Gene Amplification/*genetics ; Helicobacter pylori/*genetics ; Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification ; *Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

Objective: To learn the characteristics of adolescent pregnancy in Wenzhou from 2015 to 2019, so as to provide basis for protecting adolescent physical and mental health. Methods: Data of demographic characteristics, pregnancy and delivery outcomes of the women aged under 19 years ( adolescent pregnant ) and 20 to 34 years ( right-age pregnant ) who delivered in Wenzhou from 2015 to 2019 were collected from Wenzhou Maternal and Child Health Information Management System. The incidence of pregnancy complication, comorbidity and adverse delivery outcomes of adolescent pregnant women was compared with that of right-age pregnant women. Results: Among 536 753 parturients reported in Wenzhou from 2015 to 2019, there were 22 419 ( 4.18% ) of adolescent pregnancy and 430 163 ( 80.14% ) of right-age pregnancy. The average age of adolescent pregnant women was (18.11±0.82) years ( range, 10-19 years ). The majority of adolescent pregnant women were migrant population (19 437 cases, 86.70%), had an education level of junior high school and below ( 18 594 cases, 82.94% ), and had no occupation (19 192 cases, 85.61%). The incidence rates of anemia, gestational diabetes, postpartum hemorrhage, perineal laceration and premature delivery in adolescent pregnant women increased from 2015 to 2019 ( all P<0.05 ). The incidence rates of gestational diabetes, anemia, gestational hypertension, placental abruption, postpartum hemorrhage, perineal laceration, premature delivery, low birth weight, fetal death and stillbirth were 1.65%, 11.76%, 0.19%, 0.26%, 3.19%, 24.52%, 6.03%, 5.53%, 0.50% and 0.04% in adolescent pregnant women, which were significant different from 5.49%, 8.94%, 0.13%, 0.01%, 0.17%, 23.46%, 4.66%, 3.08%, 0.26% and 0.01% in the right-age pregnant women, respectively ( all P<0.05 ). Conclusions The adolescent pregnant population in Wenzhou are mainly migrant population with lower education level and no occupation. The incidence rates of pregnancy complication, comorbidity and adverse birth outcomes in adolescent pregnant population are higher than those in right-age pregnant population, and are increasing year by year.

OBJECTIVETo deepen the understanding of patients with complete necrosis of the ureter after renal transplantation for early diagnosis and treatment.

METHODSOf 5 patients with complete necrosis of the ureter after renal transplantatioin between January 1991 and April 2001 in our hospital, 4 were male and 1 was female (mean age, 35 years). Seven to 12 days after renal transplantation, native pyeloureterestomy was performed for 1 patient, and the remaining 4 patients received the cutting of the diatal necrosis ureter and vesicoureterostomy because of urine leakage. Six to seven weeks later when the ureter stents were pull out, native pyeloureterestomy or pyeloureteroplasty was performed for the 4 patients because of uropenia and hydronephrosis.

RESULTSFive patients showed normal function of the kidney postopcreation (follow up: 6 - 12 months) without hydronephrosis.

CONCLUSIONSWhen distal necrosis of the ureter is observed after renal transplantation, complete necrosis of the ureter may occur. Native pyeloureterostomy or pyeloureteroplasty is an effective treatment.

Adult ; Cadaver ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis ; Postoperative Complications ; Ureter ; pathology ; surgery

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of HC-A Ⅱsolution in kidney preservation.Methods A multicenter,randomized,double-blind and controlled clinical trial was conducted.Between Jan.2008 and Dec.2010,kidney recipients from 9 transplant centers were randomly divided into two groups.Grafts in each group were perfused and stored in HC-A Ⅱ or HTK solutions respectively.Results277 patients were included in the Full Analysis Set (FAS),137 of whom were inHC-A Ⅱgroup and 140inHTK group. Demographic andbaseline medical characteristics were similar between the two groups.262 patients were included in the Per Protocol Set (PPS),133 of whom were in HC-A Ⅱ group and129 in HTK group.The percentages of patients with a serum creatinine level that returned to normal within 28 days postoperation were 86.9％ in HC-A Ⅱ group and 85.0％ in HTK group respectively (P＞0.05 ).The results from PPS analysis were consistent with those from FAS analysis The incidence of test-related adverse events was 2.9％ in HC-AⅡ group and 0.7％ in HTK group respectively (P＞0.05).No test-related serious adverse events occurred throughout the study.ConclusionHC-A Ⅱ solution,the same as HTK solution,is safe and effective in kidney preservation.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of twice-daily tacrolimus (Tacrolimus BID; Prograf) vs once-daily prolonged release tacrolimus (Tacrolimus QD; Advagraf), combined with steroids and mycophenolate mofetil in preventing acute rejection in De Novo renal transplantation patients. Methods 241 patients from 11 centers were randomized into two groups with 3 months observation period post-transplantation. Advagraf was administered as a single oral dose in the morning (initially 0. 1-0. 15 mg/kg every day) and Prograf was administered in two equal oral doses 12h apart (initially 0. 1-0. 15 mg/kg). Study visits were scheduled for days 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, 84post-transplantion. The efficacy, safety, compliance and adverse effects were compared between two groups. Results Totally 223 patients completed the study. The two groups were comparable in age,gender and primary disease. There were 12 episodes of acute rejection in each group. There was no graft loss or patient death in both groups. The incidence of drug related adverse events was 32. 1 %and 33. 3% respectively in the control and experimental groups. Dosage was decreased in both groups and there was significant difference in each group. The trough level was similar at the initiate period.Twenty-eight days post-transplantation the trough level in the Advagraf group was lower than in the Prograf group. Conclusion Advagraf has the same efficacy, safety and drug related adverse effects as Prograf. It is practical and feasible for Advagraf substitute for Prograf in clinical practice.

Naringin has been reported to possess a wild range of biological activities. However, the route and metabolites of naringin produced by intestinal bacteria are not well understood. In this paper, different bacteria were isolated from human feces and their abilities to convert naringin to different metabolites were studied. Ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) with automated data analysis software (MetaboLynx) was applied to fast analysis of naringin metabolites. Using MSE and mass defect filter techniques, three metabolites were detected and tentatively identified. The results indicated that acetylation, hydrolyzation and hydrolyzation with hydrogenation were the major metabolic pathways of naringin in vitro. Then, we studied the gene sequence of the 16S rRNA of the bacteria by extraction of genomic DNA of the strain, PCR amplification and clone of the 16S rRNA. The consequence proved that Enterococcus sp.30, Bacillus sp.46, Escherichia sp.54 and Escherichia sp.63 have the peculiar metabolism characteristic of naringin.
Bacillus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Enterococcus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Escherichia ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Feces ; microbiology ; Female ; Flavanones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; genetics ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization