With the worldwide increase in adult-to-adult live donor liver transplantation, more profound basic and clinical medical research has ensued to solve the key problem of graft failure following liver transplantation. The present status of the study of small-for-size liver syndrome was summarized. Its definition, risk factors, pathogenesis,clinical manifestations, prevention and treatment were included.

Abstract?AlM: To study the number of myogenin - positive activated satellite cells in the inferior oblique muscles and the medial muscles of V- pattern exotropia with inferior oblique overaction, to further explore the possible etiological factors of V-pattern exotropia with inferior oblique overaction.? METHODS: The inferior oblique muscles and the medial muscles were cut from V - pattern exotropia patients with inferior oblique overaction during strabismus operation treated as the strabismus group. Cross sections were stained immunohistochemically for the presence of activated satellite cells, as identified by myogenin immunoreactivity. The inferior oblique muscles and the medial muscles were obtained from the corneal transplant donors ( six eyes of six cases) , which treated as the control group.? RESULTS: The frequency of myogenin - positive satellite cells of the inferior oblique muscles was (22. 7± 7.03)% and (4. 2±0. 75)% in the strabismus group and the control group. Significant differences existed in the expression of myogenin in two groups (P<0. 05). Again, the frequency of myogenin-positive satellite cells of the medial muscles was (2. 2±0. 75)% and (4. 5±1. 05)% in the strabismus group and the control group. Significant differences also existed in the expression of myogenin in two groups (P<0. 05).?CONCLUSlON: lt is first report that myogenin-positive satellite cells presents in extraocular muscles of V -pattern exotropia with inferior oblique overaction. The current results suggest that myogenin is one of possible etiological factors of V-pattern exotropia with inferior oblique overaction.

Dipeptydil-peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are designed as oral anti-hyperglycemic drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes owing to their effects on the incretin system through sparing incretin hormones including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) from rapid degradation by DPP-4.It has been shown that GLP-1 signaling may exert beneficial effects on cardiovascular system.In addition to GLP-1,DPP-4 physiologically cleaves cytokines,chemokines,and neuropeptides involved in inflammation,immunity,and vascular function.It means that DPP-4 inhibitors hold promise for cardiovascular protection independent of GLP-1.And its modulation of endothelial progenitor cells,infiammatory pathway,ischemic response,and lipid metabolism emerges as the major cardiovascular target of DPP-4 inhibitors.

Objective To observe the short-term clinical effect of compound sophora injection combined with Java brucea fruit oil emulsion injection for palliative treatment of advanced malignant tumors. Methods Totally 120 cases of advanced malignant tumor patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, each contains 60 cases. The control group was treated with Java brucea fruit oil emulsion, and the treatment group took compound sophora injection additionally by intravenous infusion one time daily. The cycle was 24 d. After 3 cycles, the curative effect, pain relief, improvement situation of quality of life and adverse reactions of the two groups were observed. Results Feasible curative effect evaluation of 112 patients showed:The disease control rate in the treatment group was 89.5% (51/57), and the control group was 74.5% (41/55). The total effective rate of cancer pain relief of the treatment group was 91.2%(52/57), and the control group was 70.9% (39/55). The improvement rate of life quality of the treatment group was 70.2% (40/57), and the control group was 49.1% (27/55). The differences between the two groups was significant (P<0.05). There was no difference in hematology toxicity, liver and kidney function, gastrointestinal adverse reactions and itchy skin incidence between the two groups (P>0.05). And the treatment group had a lower incidence of phlebitis than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Compound sophora injection combined with Java brucea fruit oil emulsion for palliative treatment can improve curative effect, significantly improve patients’ quality of life, it was a safe and effective way in treating advanced malignant tumors.

Objective To discuss the effect of triple therapy plus traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of peptic ulcer (PU) caused by Helicobacter pylori ( Hp) .Methods 148 cases with PU were randomly divided into study group and control group of 74 cases in each group.The control group were treated with triple therapy (omeprazole +clarithromycin +amoxicillin), and the study group were given liver-discharging and heat-clearing and invigorating spleen and removing blood stasis decoction, additionally.Both groups received treatment for one course of 4 weeks.The changes of clinical symptoms, negative conversion ratio of Hp and adverse reaction were compared.Results The scores of clinical symptoms were all significantly decreased in both two groups after treatment (P<0.05), but the study group changed more than control group (P<0.05).The total effective rate was 95.95%, rather higher than 79.73% in control group (P<0.05).The negative conversion ratio of Hp was 82.43%, obviously higher than 64.86% in control group (P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reaction was 12.16% in study group, similar to 9.46% in control group.Conclusion Triple therapy plus traditional Chinese medicine can significantly improve the clinical symptoms, clinical effect and negative conversion ratio of Hp, and has a good safety and tolerability.

30ml) undergoing minimally invasive evacuation of intracranial hematoma in our department were analyzed retrospectively.The chants of IL-1,IL-6 and IL-8 in hematoma fluid were observed continuously.The content of IL-1,IL-6 and IL-8 was determined by radioimmunassay.Results IL-1,IL-6 and IL-8 were observed at 6～12h after hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage,and showed different changes in acute stage.Conclusion Inflammatory cytokines are involved in the pathological process of cerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To explore the pharmacological function of immune enhancer of gypenosides and discuss the dose-effect relationship.Methods The gypenosides was used as an immune enhancer to cure the immune deficit mouse and observe non-specific immunological function by carbon clear test.All of the mice were administrated with CTX and then were divided into six groups:control group,high dose group,middle dose group,lower dose group.Respectively,the carbon clear test was performed in each group and the variation of non-specific immune function was observed.Results The carbon clear test showed that the index of carbon clear test in control group was markedly decreased while the index of carbon clear testing high and middle group was increased.The effect of gypenosides was dose-dependent on the non-specific immune.Conclusion Gypenosides can markedly increase the non-specific immune function.

Mycophenolate acid is a novel immunosuppressive drug. Its target of action is the isomerⅡof inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase(IMPDH). It inhibits de nove purine synthesis and also decreases expression of adhesive molecule. It inhibits selectively the proliferation of lymphocyte, so that it has strong immunosuppressive effects on various rejections to allograft or xenograft, and on autoimmune diseases, and has the features of higher potency and lower toxicity.

Objective The aim of this study is to present two novel technique?Lying on position and rotational board TSEI in which uniform dose to the whole body as well as the soles and vertex of scalp can be achieved in one electron beam treatment fraction. Methods Patients are treated with two groups in prone and supine position by leaning on inner rotational board in prone and supine position, each group can further be separated into two subgroup with tilting and rotation positions for treatment. By incorporating all these setting on the aswirl board with the optimal gantry angle, the patient will final accumulate compensated dosages on whole body surface. Results The dose uniformity for the rotational board?TSET or Lying on position could be control within ±10%. Conclusions The two TSEItechnique?Lying on and Rotational board TSEI techniques presented in this study is able to deliver a uniform dose to the patient’s skin surface as well as to the vertex and the soles all in one time, eliminating the troubles of having to further boost fields for these two regions when using the Stanford Six Field Technique.

Objective To investigate prognostic value of the CHA 2 DS2-VASc score [ congestive heart failure , hypertension , age≥75y (doubled), diabetes mellitus, stroke (doubled)-vascular disease, age 65~74 and sex category (female)] in an initial car-dioembolic stroke with atrial fibrillation .Methods A total of 346 initial cardioembolic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation was en-rolled.The clinical feature, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score on admission, and clinical outcome [modi-fied Rankin Scale (mRS) score after 90 days] were obtained and evaluated retrospectively according to the CHA 2DS2-VASc score. Results The rate of female, smoking, hypertension, congestive heart failure, anticoagulation and the level of age, NIHSS score, and CHA2 DS2-VASc score were significantly different between two prognostic groups ( P <0.05 ) .A positive correlation was observed be-tween CHA2DS2-VASc score and NIHSS score on admission (ρ=0.324, P <0.01), CHA2DS2-VASc score and mRS score (ρ=0.228, P <0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that age , smoking, anticoagulation, the CHA2DS2-VASc score, and the NIH-SS score on admission were related to clinical outcome independently .Conclusions The CHA2 DS2-VASc score may be useful for not only evaluation of stroke risk but also prediction of clinical outcomes after stroke .