AIM: To study the subtype of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) which induce contralateral rotations of rats after mGluRs activation. METHODS: Turning movement was measured at 6 h after agonist or antagonist of mGluRs was microinjected into rat striatum. RESULTS: tACPD, an agonist of mGluRs, at 500 nmol and 1 000 nmol induced contralateral rotations of rats. L-AP 3, MCPG and dantrolene attenuated the turning effect of tACPD. DHPG, a selective agonist of group I mGluRs, mimicked the effect of tACPD. The effect of DHPG was blocked by MCPG, LY367385 (antagonist of mGluR 1) and MPEP (antagonist of mGluR 5), and abolished by pretreatment with reserpine (5 mg/kg). CONCLUSION: These results indicated the activation of group I mGluRs in rat striatum induced turning effect, which may be associated with the mobilization of intracellular Ca 2+ stores and dependant on the existence of dopamine.

BACKGROUND:Orthodontic tooth movement is based on the periodontal tissue remodeling. In the exogenous factors accelerating orthodontic tooth movement, Chinese herbal medicine has become a research hotspot because of its wide resources, low cost, easy to extract, mild effect, smal toxic, less side effects and drug resistance. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the role of Chinese herbal medicine in the periodontal tissue remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement. METHODS:A computer-based retrieval of CNKI, Wanfang and PubMed databases was performed for articles related to Chinese herbal medicine for improving orthodontic tooth movement published before 2014. The keywords were “Chinese herbal medicine, orthodontic tooth movement, periodontal tissue remodeling” in Chinese and English, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Erigeron breviscapus, Salvia, teasel, Drynaria, baicalin, evening primrose oil as Chinese herbs are most widely used in the promotion of periodontal tissue remodeling, characterized as wide resources, low cost, easy to extract, mild effect, low toxicity, less drug resistance. In the clinical orthodontic treatment, it is hoped to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement and shorten the treatment time. Therefore, under the appropriate corrective force, Chinese herbs can be used properly to improve periodontal tissue repair and remodeling, which can improve the microcirculation of periodontal tissue, increase the local blood flow, promote bone formation and repress bone resorption.

AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Qili Qiangxin Capsule(Radix Astragali,Radix Aconiti lateralis praeparata,Radix et Rhizoma Salviae miltiorrhizae,Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng,Semen Lepidii,Semen Descurainiae,Flos Carthami,Pericarpium Citri reticulatae,Rhizoma Alismatis,Cortex Periplocae,Rhizoma Polygonati odorati,Ramulus Cinnamomi) with chronic heart failure(CHF).METHODS: Seven randomized controlled trials were reviewed.RESULTS: The meta-analysis indicated that the treatment group of Qili Qiangxin Capsule could decrease the cardiac functional grading of NYHA with 1.21 of the relative risk,and 95% confidence interval(CI) from 1.08 to 1.36;increase 6 minute walking distance with the weighted mean difference(WMD) was 37.39,and 95% confidence interval was from 22.58 to 52.20;raise left ventricular ejection fraction(WMD = 3.97[2.09,5.85]),decrease the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(WMD = 2.81[1.41,4.22]),lower the level of B-type natriuretic peptide(WMD = 118.00[4.44,231.56]) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(WMD = 476.90[371.26,582.54]) in blood plasma and drop the score of Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire(WMD =8.00[3.48,12.52]),but Qili Qiangxin Capsule for reduction in left ventricular end-diastolic volume,left ventricular end-systolic volume,heart rate and blood pressure also need to be confirmed.Besides,individual ca-ses occurred adverse reactions like dry cough,epigastric discomfort,gastric distention.However,It could be tolerated and hadn't significant statistical difference with comparison to control group.CONCLUSION: Qili Qiangxin Capsule is effective and safe for the patients of chronic heart failure in improving the heart function and living quality.

BACKGROUD: Coronary artery disease (CAD), a common disease with high incidence and mortality rate, has seriously threatened the health and life of the public. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has an important role in the prevention and treatment of this disease. Through clinical epidemiological survey, a deeper understanding of TCM etiology and syndrome characteristics in CAD would further improve clinical efficacy in the treatment of this disease.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of imatinib combined with chemotherapy in adults with Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph + ALL). Methods A total of 35 newly diagnosed Ph+ ALL patients from June 2012 to January 2016 in the First Hospital of China Medical University were enrolled. The patients were divided into 21 cases (combined chemotherapy group) and 14 cases (chemotherapy alone group). There were 4 patients in combined chemotherapy group who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) after the first complete remission (CR). The parameters including blood routine, bone marrow morphology, immunoassay, chromosome and fusion genes were detected regularly for efficacy assessment. Results CR rate after the first induction therapy was 76％ (16/21) in combined chemotherapy group and 36％ (5/14) in the chemotherapy alone group, and there was a significant difference of both groups (χ 2 = 5.734, P = 0.033). The median overall survival (OS) time for patients in combined chemotherapy group and chemotherapy alone group were 14 months (2-18 months) and 5 months (0.33-10 months) respectively (U = 12.0, P = 0.007). And the median disease-free survival (DFS) time were 8 months (0-15 months) and 2 months (0-6 months), respectively (U = 12.5, P = 0.007). The median OS and DFS time for transplant patients were 26 months (22-39 months) and 22 months (17-36 months) respectively. Conclusions Imatinib combined chemotherapy can increase CR rate, DFS and OS time for Ph+ ALL patients during the induction therapy, which can gain more chance to receive HSCT. The patients who could receive HSCT as soon as possible after CR1 could get longer survival time.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the management mode of key monitored drugs in hospital and to improve their rational use. METHODS:The pharmaceutical administration mode of key monitored drugs in our hospital was interpreted in respects of nontrol plan,control measures and control effect(using types and ranking of key monitored drugs among top 10 drugs in the list of consumption sum,ratio of consumption sum of key monitored drugs in total consumption sum,consumption sum per capita of key monitored drugs in the inpatients as indexes). RESULTS:Our hospital confirmed and implemented control plans as control target and control index by formulating key monitored drug list. Key monitored drug control was included in performance assessment management,procurement source management,supernormal early warning management,etc. The key monitored drug control was implemented from May 2016,up to May 2017,key monitored drugs ranked and decreased in number from the top 10 drugs in the list of consumption sum. The ratio of consumption sum of key monitored drugs in total consumption sum and consumption sum per capita of key monitored drugs in the inpatients decreased from 34.33% and 2 318.98 yuan before control(Jan. 2016-Apr. 2016)to 21.72% and 1 209.31 yuan in May 2017(decreasing by 36.73%,47.85%). CONCLUSIONS:Key monitored drug control obtains significant achievement in our hospital,can effectively promotes rational use of key monitored drug,saves medical insurance costs and reduces the economic burden of patients.

Clinical data of 12 cases of Trousseau syndrome with cerebral infarction as initial presentation admitted in the neurology department of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University from December 2011 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 12 patients,4 cases had risk factors for cerebral infarction and 8 ones had no risk factors.There were 2 patients with 1 lesion and 10 patients with two or more lesions in brain imaging.The infarction lesions of 9 patients were located in 2 or more arterial blood supply areas.Ten patients showed an elevated plasma D-dimer level,5 had elevated fibrinogen level,7 showed increased blood platelet count and 8 had increased homocysteine level.Ten cases were confirmed by pathology,2 cases by clinic and imaging diagnosis.The study suggests that multiple lesions with several cerebral arteries involved,high plasma D-dimer and fibrinogen levels may be the clinical characteristics of Trousseau syndrome with initial presentation as acute ischemic stroke and lacking of risk factors.The hypercoagulation state may be the important pathogenesis of this disorder.

Objective:To investigate the cognition and attitude of nephrology nurse to palliative care for patients with end-stage renal disease, and to provide reference for the promotion and application of palliative care in patients with end-stage renal disease.Methods:Using the phenomenological research method, the purpose sampling method and the principle of data saturation, the semi-structured interviews were conducted among 12 nurses from the Department of Nephrology in Xiang Yang NO.1 People ′s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine in November 2021. The data were analyzed, summarized and extracted by Colaizzi 7-step analysis method. Results:The cognition and attitude of nephrology nurses to palliative care of patients with end-stage renal disease were summarized into three themes. They were: different cognition of palliative care; attitudes towards palliative care for end-stage renal disease patients (positive feelings, negative feelings); difficulties in the implementation of palliative care (difficult decision-making, unknown timing and effect, lack of social policy support, traditional thought constraints).Conclusions:Interviewees lacked cognition to palliative care and have different attitudes. In order to promote the application of palliative care in patients with end-stage renal disease, relevant publicity and education should be strengthened, the palliative care system of end-stage renal disease should be improved, and social support for palliative care should be enhanced.

Objective:To study the relationship between serum osteopontin and osteopontin and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with coronary heart disease, and to evaluate the correlation between the levels of serum osteopontin and osteopontin with the severity of coronary artery lesions in T2DM patients.Methods:A total of 100 T2DM patients who were suspected to have stable coronary heart disease and underwent coronary angiography from November 2019 to December 2020 were selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, according to coronary angiography results, 60 patients with confirmed coronary heart disease were classified as the case group and 40 patients with non-coronary heart disease were classified as the control group for retrospective analysis. The clinical data and biochemical indicators of all patients were recorded, and Gensini score was calculated. The concentration of osteopontin and osteopontin in serum was quantitatively determined by double-antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method. Independent sample t-test was used to compare the mean of normal distribution measurement data between the two groups. The non normal distribution data are represented by M ( Q1, Q3), and Mann Whitney U test is used for comparison between groups. Composition comparison between count data groups χ 2 inspection. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum osteopontin and osteopontin and Gensini score in patients with T2DM. Results:Univariate analysis showed that serum osteopontin and osteopontin were (13.076(8.433, 23.552) μg/L) and (0.437(0.300, 0.630) μg/L) significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (6.367(4.605, 9.048) μg/L) and (0.299(0.196, 0.399) μg/L) respectively, with statistically significant differences ( Z=5.12, 3.28, all P<0.001). Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that osteoprotegerin ( OR=2.887, 95% CI:1.850-8.515, P=0.024) and osteopontin ( OR=13.109, 95%CI: 2.557-67.204, P=0.002) were associated with T2DM combined with coronary heart disease, and the risk of T2DM combined with coronary heart disease increased with higher levels of osteoprotegerin and osteopontin. Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum osteopontin and osteoprotegerin were positively correlated with Gensini score in T2DM patients ( r=0.591, 0.467; all P<0.05). Conclusion:Serum osteopontin and osteoprotegerin are associated with T2DM combined with coronary heart disease, and high serum osteopontin and osteoprotegerin are risk factors for T2DM combined with coronary heart disease; serum osteopontin and osteoprotegerin are positively correlated with the degree of coronary artery disease in T2DM patients.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between gamma-glutamyl transferase/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (GHR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and coronary heart disease (CHD), and evaluated its pathogenic risk and predictive value for CHD.Methods:A total of 694 patients admitted to our hospital from December 2017 to December 2018 for suspected CHD and coronary angiography were selected. According to the results of coronary angiography,the patients were divided into CHD group ( n=527) and non-CHD group ( n=167). The clinical data of all patients were recorded. Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and other biochemical indicators were recorded. Neutrophils, lymphocyte count and other hematological indicators were recorded. GHR, NLR and Gensini scores of the patients were calculated. Clinical data and GHR, NLR and other indicators were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive value of GHR, NLR in CHD, and to determine the optimal cut-off value; Logstic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors of CHD.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum OPN, OPG and Gensini score in patients with CHD. Results:The GHR and NLR were 32.59(21.05, 48.24) and 3.53(2.18, 8.46) significantly higher in the CHD group than in the non-CHD group 16.56(10.07, 25.21) and 2.20(1.45, 3.28) respectively, with statistically significant differences ( Z=11.094, 9.055, P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of NLR and MLR in diagnosing CHD was 0.785 and 0.732( P<0.05). When the critical values of GHR and NLR respectively were 19.805 and 2.678, respectively, the diagnostic efficiency of CHD was the highest, and the sensitivity and specificity were 79.30%, 62.90% and 63.80%, 68.30%, and the AUC of GGT in diagnosing CHD was 0.628. When the critical value was 19.500, the sensitivity and specificity were 80.50% and 39.50%, respectively,the AUC of GHR was greater than that of GGT ( Z=12.973, P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Smoking ( OR=2.887, 95% CI:1.850-4.505, P<0.05), hypertension ( OR=2.009, 95% CI: 1.311-3.080, P<0.05), fasting plasma glucose ( OR=1.109, 95% CI:1.034-1.189, P<0.05), age ≥60 years ( OR=1.567, 95% CI:1.179-2.415, P<0.05), NLR ≥2.687 ( OR=3.152, 95% CI:2.066-4.808, P<0.05) and GHR ≥19.805 ( OR=4.768, 95% CI:3.131-7.262, P<0.05) was an independent risk factor for CHD. After gradually adjustment for risk factors such as smoking, hypertensive, fasting plasma glucose, age ≥60 years and NLR ≥2.687, GHR ≥19.805 was still an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease(OR and 95% CI were 4.620 (3.049-7.000), 4.768 (3.131-7.262), 6.567 (4.408-9.810), 4.768 (3.131-7.262), 4.768 (3.131-7.262), respectively; all P<0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that GHR and NLR were positively correlated with Gensini score ( r=0.312, 0.394; all P<0.05). Conclusion:GHR and NLR were positively correlated with the severity of coronary artery disease, which is of significance in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease. NLR ≥2.687 and GHR ≥19.805 were independent risk factors for CHD. GHR was superior to GGT and HDL-C alone in the diagnosis of CHD,and has certain clinical application value