Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)is a serious health hazard in children.It can cause damage to multiple systems, including cardiovascular, metabolic, endocrine and neurocognitive systems, especially for cognitive impairment.OSAHS may cause sleep fragmentation and intermittent ventilation abnormalities due to repeated partial or total upper airway obstruction, resulting in hypoxemia and hypercarbia, affect attention, intelligence, memory, language, executive function, etc.