Objective: To enable an artificial mandible substitute to be mostly suitable for mandibular reconstructon in individual patients. Methods: Use rapid prototypinlg and surface imitating as the primary technology for individualized design and manufacturing of the artificial mandible substitute. Results: An individualized artificial mandible substitute was designed and prepared. Conclusion: Rapid prototyping is feasible in individualized bone substitute preparation.

Objective: To enable an artificial mandible substitute to be with individualized shape in the individual patient. Methods: Rapid prototyping and surface imitating were used as the primary technology in the individualized design and manufacturing of the artificial mandible substitute. Results: The shape and size of the manufactured artificial mandibe were almost the same to those of the original natural one. Conclusion: Rapid prototyping may be used in individualized bone substitute preparation.

Objective To investigate the vascular protective effect of pretreatment with candesartan on cerebral ischemia in rats.Methods Forty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation,ischemia-reperfusion,low-dose candesartan group was randomly redivided into reperfusion 24 h and 72 h subgroups (n = 6).A model of middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced by intraluminal suture method after 4 weeks of drug gavage.Blood pressure was measured preoperatively.The neurological scores were performed after 24 and 72 hours of reperfusion.Then the rats were decapitated and the brains were removed.The infarct volume was measured using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining.The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein in ischemic regions was detected by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis.Results The neurological scores of the low-dose and high-dose candesartan groups at 24 and 72 hours after reperfusion were significantly better than those of the ischemia-reperfusion group (P = 0.008and 0.001,respectively),and the infarct volume was reduced significantly (P=0.010 and 0.000,respectively).At the second week after medication,the blood pressure was decreased significantly in the high-dose candesartan group,and there was no significant antihypertensive effect in the low-dose candesartan group.The positive expression of VEGF mainly distributed in the vascular endothelial cells around the infarcts.Its expression was further upregulated with the time.It reached the peak after 72-hour reperfusion.The result of Western blot analysis was consistent with that of immunohistochemical staining.Conclusions Candesartan may reduce the infarct volume by upregulating the expression of VEGF in the ischemic region and improve the neurological score.

BACKGROUND:In recent years, many manufacturing techniques have been recently developed for soft tissue engineering scaffolds. Especialy additive manufacturing with a unique material accumulated forming principle can be feasible and reliable to manufacture the highly precise scaffolds with gradient structures and multi-materials for large soft tissue defect repairing.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize scaffolds manufacturing technologies in the soft tissue engineering applications developed in recent years and to predict the direction of development.
METHODS: A retrieval was performed for the literature about the manufacturing methods of soft tissue scaffolds using key words of “additive manufacturing, microfabrication, vascular tissue engineering, muscle tissue engineering, cartilage tissue engineering, stereolithography, 3D printing, biodegradable hydrogel” in English and Chinese, which were published between January 2010 and September 2013 in PubMed Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) Database.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:For large soft tissue defects repairing, structure design of the scaffolds has been shifted from a simple planar structure to a more complex three-dimensional structure, and integration of scaffold structure, materials and cels, and growth factors during the manufacturing procedure can be used to obtain the resolution of vascularization. Additive manufacturings become one of the most promising approaches for the ideal soft tissue scaffolds with gradient and complex structure and multi-materials. In particular, the hydrogel/cellcomposite scaffolds fabrication, a hot but promising approach to develop the soft tissue engineering wil be made progress by the accurate principles and processes of the hydrogel additive manufacturing combined with the introduction of living cels and growth factors.

AIM: To investigate the role of post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph (PHSML) in the enhancementof vascular permeability .METHODS: Eighteen Wistar rats were randomized into sham group , shock group,and shock plus mesenteric lymph drainage (shock +drainage) group.The rats in shock group and shock +drainagegroup were routinely subjected to hemorrhagic shock and hypotension [(40 ±2) mmHg] was maintained for 90 min, andthen the fluid resuscitation was performed.Mesenteric lymph was drained in the rats in shock +drainage group from resuscitationfinished to 6 h, for the observation of PHSML drainage on the vascular permeability in multiple tissues of hemorrhagicshock rats.Afterwards, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were incubated with the PHSML in vitro to observethe effects of PHSML on the morphology and permeability of HUVECs .RESULTS: The degree of blue color and concentrationsof Evens blue in the lung, myocardium, kidney, liver, spleen and small intestine were significantly increased inthe shocked rats than that in sham group, while the ratios of the dry weight to the wet weight were decreased .The mesentericlymph drainage reversed these changes .Meanwhile, 4% and 10% of PHSML at 0 ~3 h and 3 ~6 h after resuscitation,and lipopolysaccharide (10 mg/L) all caused the damage of HUVECs, decreased the viability and trans-endothelial electricalresistance of HUVECs, and increased the permeability of HUVECs to fluorescein isothiocyanate -labeled albumin. CONCLUSION: PHSML is a vital factor in the enhancement of vascular permeability .

Objective To investigate the effect of secondary transurethral electrocision for recurrent superficial bladder cancer.Methods One hundred and twenty patients with recurrent superficial bladder cancer were divided into experiment group and control group by random mechanical sampling method with 60 cases of each.Experiment group underwent secondary transurethral electrocision at 4 weeks after initial transurethral electrocision and received mitomycin bladder perfusion chemotherapy,control group patients underwent initial transurethral electrocision and received mitomycin bladder perfusion chemotherapy.The two groups' follow-up cystoscopy at 3-month intervals,the follow-up time was 6-34 (18.6 ± 6.5) months,the recurrence was compared between each other.Results Within the follow-up period,the recurrence rate in experiment group was significantly lower than that in control group [21.7％(13/60) vs.63.3％(38/60),P＜0.01].Of all the recurrent patients,high grade rumor (G2 and G3 grade) was mainly,the recurrence rate of high grade tumor in experiment group was significantly lower than that in control group [26.2％ (11/42) vs.70.0％(35/50),P ＜ 0.01].Conclusions Secondary transurethral electrocision can reduce the recurrence rate of superficial bladder cancer (especially for the high grade tumor),it can exactly make the classification of malignant tumors and find residual tumor.So it is valuable in the clinical treatment.

A new system of blood flow block for control of bleeding in abdominal operation is composed of an abdominal magnetic blocking unit, an abdominal external electromagnet unit and other non-magnetic operation instrument. The abdominal external electromagnetic unit is placed in advance in the operation bed. The abdominal magnetic blocking unit can be placed directly on the ventral of the large vessels when need to blocking the abdominal large vessels during the operation. According to the non-contact suction characteristics of magnetic materials, the two magnetic units will attract each other and compression the vessels. Using this system for vascular occlusion does not need clear exposure and without separating vessel. There is the advantage of rapid, accurate and reliable for the system.
Abdomen ; blood supply ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; prevention & control ; Electromagnetic Phenomena ; Equipment Design ; Surgical Equipment

Objective To investigatethe quality of life of patients with oral cancer in different period in a hospital, and to explore the impact of patients' psychological status on their quality of life. Methods 50 cases of oral cancer patients in our hospital were investigated in this study by Convenience sampling method. The scale of the hospital anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS, the Japanese version), the quality of life of cancer patients were measured by the scale (FACT-G); the functional evaluation of tumor therapy- head and neck questionnaire (FACT-H&N). Results The comparison of HADS score between patients before and after surgery showed that the improvement of mental status was not obvious in the postoperative patients.The scores of HADS between patients before surgery and after hospital showed that the improvement of mental status was obvious (t=-2.809, P=0.01; t=-3.828, P=0.003). There were significant differences in HADS anxiety and depression-related factors between different periods (F=7.644,P=0.001;F=6.442,P=0.002);Before surgery,patients with low anxiety and depression had higher scores in both emotional and physical functional dimensions, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=7.882,5.847,6.870,7.262, P<0.05 or 0.01). The scores of the two groups were higher in the whole life quality dimension after surgery,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(t=3.640-7.931,P<0.01 or 0.01).There were significant differences in body function and psychological function scores between different periods(F=8.569, P=0.000; F=10.250, P=0.003). Conclusions Oral cancer patients have a higher level of anxiety and depression before and after surgery, and psychological status of patients with a certain impact on quality of life, it should be targeted for individual characteristics of patients with targeted care measures to improve the psychological status of patients,thereby improving the quality of life of patients.

BACKGROUND: Induced pluripotent stem cells are a type of reprogrammed cells with similar characteristics to embryonic stem cells, which are capable of differentiating into phenotypes associated with patient specific diseases. Moreover, their clinical application avoids ethical issues. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of induced pluripotent stem cells in myocardial regeneration and repair, cardiovascular disease models, drug development and screening, and drug toxicity testing. METHODS: PubMed (2006-2018) and CNKI (2013-2018) databases were retrieved for relevant articles using the keywords of "induction of pluripotent stem cells; myocardial infarction; arrhythmia; cardiovascular disease; heart failure; heart transplantation; disease model; drug toxicity" in English and Chinese, respectively. The data were reviewed one by one, and the citations involved in the literatures were also reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Induced pluripotent stem cells have great potential value in myocardial regeneration and repair, establishment of cardiovascular disease models, new drug development and screening, and drug toxicity detection. The application prospect of the cells is broad, but most of the research is still in the experimental stage. In addition, safety problems, such as low induction efficiency and tumorigenicity, will limit the clinical application of induced pluripotent stem cells.

BACKGROUND: Coagulation and fibrinolysis biomarkers can effectively reflect the dysfunction of coagulation and anticoagulation system, and the changes of their levels were closely related to the hypercoagulable status. The aim of this study is to study the variation tendency of these coagulation and fibrinolysis markers and explore the diagnosis power and clinical value of these biomarker for thrombosis in postoperative lung cancer patients with deep vein catheterization. METHODS: We selected 118 postoperative lung cancer patients with deep vein catheterization including 29 patients with thromboembolism and 89 patients in control group. Coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters [thrombomodulin (TM)/thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT)/α2-plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complexes (PIC)/tissue plasminogen activator-inhibitor complexes (t-PAIC)] and traditional coagulation time[prothrombintime (PT)/activated partial thrombo plastin time(APTT)/thrombintime (TT)/fibrinogen (FIB)/antithrombin III (ATIII)/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP)/D-Dimer (D-D)] were detected in both groups. We analyzed the variation tendency of these biomarkers and figured out the diagnosis powerfor thrombosis. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was available on the value of TM, TAT, PIC, t-PAIC, D-D, FDP between thrombosis group and non-thrombosis group (P<0.05). TM, TAT, PIC, t-PAIC, D-D, FDP performed with an AUC of 0.770, 0.771, 0.669, 0.671, 0.819, 0.816, respectively (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS An enhanced coagulation and fibrinolysis activity existed in lung cancer patients with deep vein catheterization after surgery, and early detection of coagulation and fibrinolytic biomarkers could prevent thrombosis and reduce postoperative thrombosis complications in patients with lung cancer.
Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Blood Coagulation ; Female ; Fibrinolysis ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thromboembolism ; complications