Objective To observe the pathological infrastructure changes of lung tissue in diabetic rat with pulmonary fibrosis and the preventive effect of rosiglitazone intervention. Methods The experimental type 2 diabetic rats were yielded by high-sugar, high fat diet plus intraperitoneal injecting streptozotocin (STZ). The pathological infrastructure changes of lung tissue were observed by transmission electron microscopy in the control, diabetes mellitus group and rosiglitazone treatment group respectively, and the hydroxyproline contentswere determined simultaneously. Results We observed accumulation of collagen fibers and extracellular matrix in the lung tissue of simple diabetic rat, which indicated pulmonary fibrosis. The hydroxyproline contents were significantly higher in diatetes mellitus group when compared to the control at 12 weeks[ 0. 77 ± 0. 03μg/(mg·prot) vs.0.63 ±0.03 μg/(mg·prot)] and 20 weeks [0.93 ±0. 10 μg/(mg·prot) vs.0.87 ±0.10μg/ (mg·prot) ]. (Ps < 0.05) , but the rosiglitazone intervention significantly reduced the hydroxyproline 3contents in diabetes mellitus rats [0.85 ±0.08 μg/(mg·prot) vs.0.87 ±0. 10 μg/(mg·prot) ,P<0.05].Conclusion Pulmonary fibrosis occurred in diabetic rats lung tissue,while rosiglitazone can alleviate it.

The results of different interventions administered in 118 cases with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) for 3 years were investigated. The rates of transformation of IFG to diabetes mellitus in metformin treatment groups and rosiglitazone treatment groups were significantly lower than that in life style intervention group. This study suggested that metformin or rosiglitazone treatment could effectively reduce transformation of IFG to diabetes as compared with life style intervention.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM ) based vancomycin dose adjustment in patients with gram‐positive infections .Methods A cohort study was designed with 128 inpatients undergoing TDM in Huashan Hospital from January 2005 to September 2014 .The clinical data of these patients were used to analyze the efficacy and safety of vancomycin therapy by Cox model and survival analysis .Results The patients undergoing TDM‐based dose adjustment had a higher daily dose and blood trough concentration ,which may lead to better bacteriological efficacy and overall efficacy .Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that TDM‐based dose adjustment is a protective factor .No safety‐related risk factor was found .Conclusions TDM‐based vancomycin dose adjustment is important for patients to achieve better outcomes in fighting gram‐positive infections .

AIM:To explore the effect of Xiangshahewei Pill(Radix Aucklandiae,Rhizoma Cyperi,Fructus Amomi,etc.)on secretion in anorectic rat model induced by Fenfluramine.METHODS:Anorectic rat model was induced by Fenfluramine in dose of 15 mg/kg for 8 days.Xiangshahewei Pill was administered orally to the rats also for 8 days.The volume of gastric juice,total gastric acid,mucus,acidity of gastric acid and activity of pepsin of rats were measured.RESULTS:Xiangshahewei Pill could improve the turbulence of gastric secretion in anorectic rat induced by Fenfluramine.Xiangshahewei Pill in dose of 0.75 g/kg(P

In 2024,the World Health Organization(WHO)released"Ethics and governance of artificial intelligence for health.Guidance on large multi-modal models",which was translated into Chinese for Chinese readers to read and think about,assist in planning the benefits and challenges related to large multi-modal models for health,as well as provide guidance on policy and practice for the appropriate development,provision,and use of large multi-modal models.The WHO consulted 20 leading experts in the field of AI,who identified potential benefits and risks of using AI for health,as well as published six principles agreed upon in a consultative manner for governments,developers,and providers using AI to consider when formulating policies and practices.The guidelines provide governance recommendations that are consistent with the guiding principles for internal enterprise,governments,and international cooperations,which are based on the guiding principles and governance recommendations that consider the unique ways in which humans use AI generated content(AIGC)for health.AIGC is an AI technology in which algorithms are trained on data sets that can be used to generate new content.The guidelines target one type of AIGC,namely the large multi-modal models abbreviated as"LMM",which can accept one or more types of data inputs and generate multiple outputs of data types that are not limited to the input algorithm.It is predicted that LMM will be widely used in various fields,such as healthcare,scientific research,public health,and drug development.LMM are also called"universal base models",although it has not yet been proven that LMM can complete a variety of tasks and purposes.

Objective: To find a viable alternative to reduce the number of doses required for the patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and to improve efficacy and patient compliance. Methods: In this study, we used ginger oil, a phytochemical with potential therapeutic properties, to prepare ginger oil patches. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to quantify the main active component of ginger oil, 6-gingerol. Transdermal absorption experiments were conducted to optimize the various pressure-sensitive adhesives and permeation enhancers, including their type and concentration. Subsequently, the ginger oil patches were optimized and subjected to content determination and property evaluations. A PTSD mouse model was established using the foot-shock method. The therapeutic effect of ginger oil patches on PTSD was assessed through pathological sections, behavioral tests, and the evaluation of biomarkers such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and melatonin (MT). Results: The results demonstrated that ginger oil patches exerted therapeutic effects against PTSD by inhibiting inflammatory responses and modulating MT and BDNF levels. Pharmacokinetic experiments revealed that ginger oil patches maintained a stable blood drug concentration for at least one day, addressing the rapid metabolism drawback of 6-gingerol and enhancing its therapeutic efficacy. Conclusions Ginger oil can be prepared as a transdermal drug patch that meets these requirements, and the bioavailability of the prepared patch is better than that of oral administration. It can improve PTSD with good patient compliance and ease of administration. Therefore, it is a promising therapeutic formulation for the treatment of PTSD.

Objective: To investigate whether diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and motor evoked potentials (MEP) can be used as biomarkers to assess the degree of motor dysfunction of stroke survivors. Methods: Sixty partially-paralyzed stroke survivors were given Fugl-Meyer assessments (FMAs) and MEP tests and assessed using DTI seeking any correlations among the results. The receiver operating characteristics curves (ROCs) were prepared to determine the tests′ efficacy in assessing severe motor dysfunction. Results: ① Asymmetry in the fractional anisotropy (aFA) of the peduncles cerebra as measured by DTI was negatively correlated with the FMA scores of the upper and lower limbs on the affected side. The aFA values of the posterior limb of the internal capsule (PLIC) were negatively correlated with the FMA scores of the affected upper limb, but not with the FMA scores of the affected lower limbs. The abnormalities in central motor conduction time and motor threshold, which are MEP parameters, were negatively correlated with the FMA scores of the affected limbs. ② The ROCs showed that the aFA value of the PLIC was the best indicator for assessing severe upper limb motor dysfunction, with a cut-off value of 0.167 giving the best discrimination. MEP waveform loss could also be used. It has high sensitivity but low specificity. ③ A combination of DTI and MEP can improve specificity in assessing severe motor dysfunction in the upper limbs. Conclusion DTI and MEP can both be used to evaluate motor dysfunction in stroke survivors. They have high clinical value for assessing severe motor dysfunction of the upper limbs.

Using mutation PCR, we cloned the target gene containing 421-480nt (141-160aa) and 598-639nt (200-213aa) of VP1 gene of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) into the deleted region (508-532aa) of Nsp2 gene of a highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus derived vaccine strain (HuN4-F112) that was used as vector. The recombinant cDNA was in vitro transcribed followed by transfection of BHK-21 cells for 36 h. Then, the supernatant of the cell culture was continuously seeded to monolayer of MARC-145 cells for recovery of the recombinant virus. CPE was obviously visible after a couple of passages in the seeded MARC-145, and the rescued virus (designated as rPRRSV-F112-O/VP1ep) was identified by Mlu I digestion, sequencing and immunofluorescence assay. Meanwhile, expression of inserted FMDV epitopes was also detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay with polyclonal antibodies against VP1 protein of FMDV. The analysis of biological characteristics shows that the titer of the rescued recombinant PRRSV (TCID50 = -log10(-6.75)/0.1 mL) was similar to its direct parental virus rHuN4-F112-delta508-532, but higher than rHuN4-F112.
Animals ; Antigens, Viral ; immunology ; Base Sequence ; Capsid Proteins ; immunology ; Cell Line ; Cysteine Endopeptidases ; genetics ; Epitopes ; genetics ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Recombination, Genetic ; Swine ; Transfection ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; genetics ; immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Viral Vaccines ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To discuss the application of self-developed novel 16-slice mobile CT head scan.Methods A total of 391 patients were performed 16-slice mobile CT scan:145 were scanned in the emergency department,156 in the neurosurgical ICU,55 in the operated room,and 35 in the ambulance vehicle.Sixty-eight patients were with brain injury,122 were with cerebral hemorrhage,120 were with cerebral infarction,59 were with brain tumors,and 22 were with hemifacial spasm.Thirty-five patients were randomly selected from 391 patients and 8-slice mobile CT head scan was performed on them,which included 12 with brain injury,6 with cerebral hemorrhage,12 with cerebral infarction,3 with brain tumors and 2 with hemifacial spasm.The resolution,imaging quality,radiation doses,power consumption and performance stability of novel 16-slice mobile CT and 8-slice mobile CT head scan were compared.Results The resolution line pairs of brain tissues were 91 p/cm by 16-slice mobile CT and 71 p/cm by 8-slice mobile CT,respectively.The imaging quality of the two kinds of mobile CT head scans was high level to the clinic diagnostic criteria.The radiation dose of 16-slice mobile CT were 40.43 mGy,which decreased by 51.01％ as compared with that of 8-slice mobile CT (82.52 mGy).The personal power consumption of 16-silce mobile CT (0.29 kW· h) decreased by 38.30％ as compared with those of 8-layer mobile CT (0.47 kW· h).The 16-slice mobile CT kept regularly,while 8-slicer mobile CT stopped to work twice during clinical trial.Conclusion The 16-slice mobile CT scan has high resolution,fine imaging quality,low radiation dose,small power consumption and stable working performance.

Objective To analyze the concentration and exposure of vancomycin in children with gram-positive coccal infection,and the corresponding clinical efficacy and safety to support rational use of vancomycin in children.Methods We prospectively collected the clinical and laboratory data of 87 children with gram-positive coccal infection in the Children's Hospital of Fudan University from January 2012 to March 2021.Therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM)was conducted for vancomycin simultaneously,to acquire the data of serum through concentration(Cmin),peak concentration(Cmax),the area under the drug concentration-time curve in a 24-h interval(AUC0-24h)and the ratio ofAUC0-24h to the minimum inhibitory concentration(AUC0-24h/MIC).Results The median(P25,P75)age of the children enrolled in this study was 3.60(1.20,20.00)months.The median dose of vancomycin was 39.23(30.00,46.51)mg/kg.The median serum Cmin was 3.30(1.50,7.10)mg/L.Cmin achieved the target(5-15 mg/L)in 23 cases(26.4％).The median AUC0-24h was 213(174,293)mg·h/L and the median AUC0-24h/MIC was 221(128,349).Adaily dose of above 60 mg/kg in children could achieve the median value of AUC0-24h and AUC0-24h/MIC greater than 400,and the corresponding median age was 28.50(6.85,36.00)months.Multivariate logistic analysis showed a good correlation between Cmin and AUC0-24h(P=0.002).At the end of treatment,the clinical efficacy rate was 85.1％(74/87)and the bacterial eradication rate was 95.4％(83/87).No renal injury occurred during the treatment.Conclusions In this study,the median daily dosage,Cmin and A UC0-24h/MIC of vancomycin were below the recommended range at home and abroad.However,good clinical and microbiological efficacy were achieved in children at low vancomycin exposure.The probability of target attainment(PTA)for A UC0-24h and AUC0-24h/MIC ≥400 increased when the daily dose of vancomycin was＞60 mg/kg(corresponding to the median age of 28.50 months)or Cmin ≥ 5 mg/L.