OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting YAP on the proliferation and apoptosis of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs).

METHODSSynthesized sequences of siRNA were transfected into hPDLSCs by Lipofectamine™ 2000. The expression of YAP was identified by using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. Proliferation activity was detected by using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). Changes in the cell cycle and apoptosis rate were detected by using flow cytometry. Results were analyzed by using SPSS 19.0, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTSExpression of YAP mRNA and protein were significantly downregulated after 48 h of transfection (P < 0.001). No obvious difference was found in the expression levels of YAP protein between 48 and 72 h, thus indicating that siRNA could inhibit the expression of YAP persistently and effectively. Proliferation activity was inhibited, and apoptosis rate was increased. Cell cycle was changed as the proportion of G₁and S phases increased (P < 0.01) and G₂ phase decreased (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONKnocking down YAP gene by siRNA could inhibit proliferation activity, induce apoptosis, and change the cell cycle of hPDLSCs. Thus, YAP could regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of hPDLSCs.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Down-Regulation ; Humans ; Periodontal Ligament ; drug effects ; Phosphoproteins ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering ; pharmacology ; Stem Cells ; drug effects ; Transfection

To clarify the effect of the sympathetic nerves on the body's physiopathological changes and acupuncture effect by the alphal-AR mediation in the past 30 years.The paper has referred to the database of CNKI and Pubmed,and systematically reviewed the publications in the past 30 years about the research of the alphal-AR mediation of the sympathetic nerves to the body's physiological andpathological changes and acupuncture effect.Alphal-AR not only mediated the sympathetic nerves on the inotropic change of the heart,and the contraction of the vascular smooth muscles,bladder sphincter,and uterine smooth muscles and other physiological effect,but also mediated cardiac arrhythmia,myocardial hypertrophy and other pathological process.In addition,Alphal-AR also mediated the acupuncture signal transmission,and acupuncture was able to adjust the sympathetic nervous tension.The body's physiopathological changes are closely related to alpha1-AR and subtype alteration.The in-depth study of alphal-AR helps to explain physiopathological mechanism of the body,as well as provide theoretical basis and the corresponding pharmacological models for better selective drugs.Studying Alpha1-AR on meridians contributes to the discovery of meridian essence and the substantial basis of acupuncture effects.

Objective To observe over-time changes in rat blood flow in the skins of related meridian points during physiological status, the pathological state of ischemic myocardial injury and low or high frequency electroacupuncture intervention and explore the post effect of different frequency electroacupuncture on related meridian points after treating ischemic myocardial injury. Method Fifty male Wister rats were randomized into five groups: blank control, sham operation, model, low frequency electroacupuncture (meridian point A) and high frequency electroacupuncture (meridian point B), 10 rats each. Blood flow in the skins of bilateral points Neiguan (PC6), Ximen (PC4) and Tianquan (PC2), and non-meridian and non-acupoint control points was measured by laser speckle contrast imaging in every group immediately and at 30 and 60 min after the end of three treatments. Statistical analysis was made. Result Blood flow in the skins of bilateral points Neiguan, Ximen and Tianquan was significantly lower in the blank control group than in the model group (P<0.01,P<0.05). Blood flow in the skin of every acupoint increased in varing degrees after low or high frequency electroacupuncture treatment. Blood flow in bilateral points Neiguan, Ximen and Tianquan regions in meridian point group A was closer to that in the blank control group immediately after treatment. Blood flow in three left-side and three right-side acupoint regions in meridian point group B was closer to that in the blank control group at 30 and 60 min, respectively, after treatment. Conclusion The immediate effect of low frequency electroacupuncture on blood flow in acupoint regions is better than high frequency electroacupuncture during intervention in ischemic myocardial injury. The post effect of high frequency electroacupuncture on blood flow in acupoint regions is better than low frequency electroacupuncture during intervention in ischemic myocardial injury.

Objective To compare the effectiveness of Remifentanil versus Fentanyl anesthesia applied in urological laparoscopic surgery. Methods A total of 78 patients undergoing urologic endoscopy in our hospital from July 2016 to December 2017 were recruited ,and randomly divided into the Remifentanil group(n= 39)with Remifentanil anesthesia and the Fentanyl group(n= 39)with Fentanyl anesthesia. The changes in mean arterial pressure and heart rate ,anesthetic effects and adverse reaction rates during anesthesia were compared between the two groups. Results The reduction of mean arterial pressure of premedication/induction of anesthesia(T0)was more pronounced in the Fentanyl group than in the Remifentanil group(t=2.855 ,P=0.003) ,but the heart rate was lower in the Remifentanil group than in the Fentanyl group(t= 4.405 ,P= 0.000).The changes of heart rate and mean arterial pressure were more significant in the Fentanyl group than in Remifentanil group immediately after tracheal intubation (T1) ,during incision of skin(T2) ,immediately after suture of the abdomen (T3) and immediately after removal of the tracheal tube (T4) ( P ＜ 0.05 ). The spontaneous respiration recovery time ,blinking time ,extubation time ,force recovery time and recovery time were shorter in the Remifentanil group than in the Fentanyl group(P＜0.05).The incidence of anesthetic adverse reactions was lower in the Remifentanil group than in the Fentanyl group (10.3% , 4/39 vs.28.2% ,11/39 ,χ2= 4.044 ,P= 0.044). Conclusions Both Remifentanil and Fentanyl groups have good anesthetic effects in urological anesthesia ,but Remifentanil has less fluctuations of perioperative blood pressure and heart rate ,has higher recovery quality and less anesthetic adverse reactions. Therefore ,Remifentanil anesthesia is worthy of promotion.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of geriatric hip fractures.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of 2 054 elderly patients with hip fracture aged 60 years and over who were admitted to Beijing Hospital from January 2011 to December 2020.The epidemiological characteristics of geriatric hip fractures were analyzed from the aspects of age, gender, fracture type, length of stay, surgical method and surgical complications.Results:The total number of hip fractures patients admitted from 2011 to 2020 showed a general upward trend in quantity.Among them, there were 1 177 femoral neck fractures(57.3%, 1 177/2 054), and 877 intertrochanteric femoral fractures(42.7%, 877/2 054)with statistical differences in the distribution of fracture types between patients at different ages( χ2=61.727, P<0.001). A total of 1 839 patients chose surgical treatment, accounting for 89.5% of the total number of patients.Artificial femoral head arthroplasty was the most common operation mode for patients with femoral neck fractures(783 cases, 75.4%).534 patients with intertrochanteric femoral fractures(66.8%)were treated with closed reduction and femoral intramedullary nailing.There was a statistically significant difference in operation modes among different fracture types( χ2=1 480.800, P<0.001). The length of hospital stay in patients with femoral neck fracture was(14.2±8.3)days, which was significantly longer than in patients with femoral neck fracture(13.2±10.9)days( t=2.417, P=0.016). There was no significant difference in the time from admission to operation between the two groups[(5.7±3.5)days vs.(5.4±3.3)days]( t=1.954, P=0.051). Among all the comorbidities of hip fracture patients, the top 5 diseases were cardiovascular system diseases(2 001 cases, 97.4%), nervous system diseases(1 105 cases, 53.8%), endocrine system diseases(814 cases, 39.6%), skeletal and muscular system diseases(623 cases, 30.3%), digestive system diseases(472 cases, 23.0%).1 485 patients(72.3%)had 3 or more comorbidities. Conclusions:Hip fractures in the elderly have some epidemiological distribution characteristics in terms of age, gender, length of hospitalization, injury mechanism and comorbidities, which is conducive to further improve the prevention and treatment strategies for hip fractures and promote the rational allocation of medical resources.