A reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of conjugated bile acids in human bile had been reported. The procedure of sample preparation is simple since a guard column is used in this system. Recovery of the added bile salts was in the range of 87.01～110.75%. The limit of detection ranged from 0.09 ?g to 0.21 ?g. The method is used for the analysis of conjugated bile acids of bile from the patients with gallstone and control groups.

Objective:To detect the value of OCT to diagnose kidney disease.Methods:130 cases in control team,total disease 114 cases to measure their values of serum or urine OCT and urine Cr.Results:The average values of serum OCT of control,kidney neoplasm,dropsical nephritis,upper urinary tract infection,acute glomerulonephritis are respectively 0.12,0.68,2.35,6.45,144.22 IU/L,U OCT/U Cr of them are respectively 21、133、118、143、371,the values in acute glomerulonephritis are prominently higher than those in control team(sP

Objective To evaluate the effects of glutamine on immune function in elderly patients with malnutrition.Methods Twenty-four elderly patients with malnutrition were equally randomized divided into glutamine group and control group.Patients in both two groups were administered with enteral nutrition containing equal nitrogen and calorics for consecutively 7 days.In the glutamine group,patients were also supplied with oral glutamine (7.5g tid).Changes of plasma IgG,IgA,and IgM levels,percentages of T-lymphocyte subsets (CD3,CD4,CD8),and CD4/CD8 ratio were determined before and after treatment.Results Plasma IgG and IgA lev-els,percentages of CD3 and CD4,and CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly higher in glutamine group than in control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion Glutamine can improve the immune function in elderly patients with malnutritiop and promote their recovery.

Objective:To study the relationship between facial nerve and surrounding vessels. Methods:Dissect skull of cadaver 40 sides of 20 cases: open the calvaria and clean the cerebrum, then open the tentorium of cerebellum, object and measure distance between the facial nerve and the nearest vessel, follow the course of it. Results:60%(24/40) of the arteries have the comprission with the facial nerve; among the nearest vessels, 87.5%(35/40) of them are anterior inferior cerebellar artery, and 12.5% (5/40) are posterior inferior cerebellar artery; the distances between facial nerve and the nearest vessels are from zero to 5.78mm, with an average of 1.14 mm; 94.3%(33/35) of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery emitted from the lower 2/3 of the basic artery. Conclusion:The most familiar vessel next to the facill nerve is the anterior inferior cerebellar artery, and the second is the posterior inferior cerebellar artery; most of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery emitted from the basic artery, exactly, the lower 2/3 of the artery.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between and antimicrobial usage antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PAE) causing nosocomial infections. METHODS Monitored the data on the yearly patient-days and the yearly consumption(defined daily dose(DDD) per 1000 patient days) the consumption of ceftazidime,cefepime,levofloxacin,piperacillin/tazobactam,cefoperazone/sulbactam,mipenem and meropenem from Jan 2003 to Dec 2007.was analyzed.Disk susceptibility data of P.aeruginosa(PAE) causing nosocomial infections were tested. RESULTS The yearly patient-days of our department significantly increased from 60 069 in 2003 to 74 442 in 2007(P

Objective To investigate the effects of preoperative biliary drainage ( PBD ) on the morbidity and mortality of pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice in the lower bile duct. Methods Clinical data of 74 cases undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy from Jan. 2000 to Dec. 2005 with preoperative total bilirubin level over 85 μmol/L were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Comparison was performed between patients receiving PBD and those not. Before surgery. The parameters sincluding perioperative situation, in-hospital death rate, post-operative complications and were calculated to evaluate the influence of pre-operative biliary drainage on the outcomes. Univariate analysis and Logistic analysis were used to identify the risk factors for post-operative complications. Results Forty (40/74) cases received PTCD procedure. The total bilirubin was significantly reduced from (338. 10±88. 38 )μwnol/L to ( 228. 50±82.24) μ,mol/L in PTCD population and was significantly lower than ( 328. 60±93. 02) μmol/L of the non-PTCD group. There was no significance between the two groups in terms of total complications and individual complication Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative TB over 340 μmol/L and blood loss over 600 ml were important risk factors for post-operative complications. Conclusion High pre-operative total bilirubin over 340 μmol/L increases the risk of post-operative complications in the patients with malignant jaundice. Preoperative biliary drainage is useful to reduce the total bilirubin and improve the hepatic function of the patients. Prolonged pre-operative biliary drainage could be considered in the patients with high preoperative bilirubin,poor nutritional condition and impaired coagulation to enhance the tolerance of surgery.

The study on aldose reductase gene intron 8 A95 C polymorphismin 209 type 2 dia-betic patients and 84 healthy controls showed that the frequency of genotype AAis 7 %in DN,higherthan that in non-nephropathy (1 %) and control (1 %) ,suggsting that intron 8 genotype AA may be arisk factor for diabetic nephropathy .

18F-FDG PET has been widely used in myocardial oncology and inflammatory imaging.Suppression of physiological uptake in heart is required for accurate diagnosis of some thoracic diseases,cardiac inflammatory diseases and coronary atherosclerosis.There is no unified criteria to reduce myocardial 18F-FDG uptake.This review summarizes the research progress of inhibiting physiological myocardial 18F-FDG uptake by controlling diet,mediating blood glucose and applying drugs.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia worldwide with a trend of increasing morbidity and prevalence. It usually links to a high disability and mortality rate. Stroke is the most important and severe complication of AF, as a core strategy to prevent it, anticoagulation therapy is recommended to reduce the risk of stroke events. However, management risks including poor treatment adherence, individual difference and bleeding risk can′t be ignored. In the western countries, they have successively established a nurse-led integrated chronic care program for patients with atrial fibrillation. We can use it to guide our future work. Anticoagulation therapy is a long-term managing process. To integrate the existing medical resources, nurses must give their full play to access the deep needs and guide them to learn the core skills of management, thus improving the adherence to anticoagulation therapy.

Objective To investigate the association between the C609T polymorphism of NAD (P)H:quinoneoxidoreductase (NQO1) gene and post operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD).Methods 90 ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients of 59 to 78 years old, undergoing elective hip replacement with epidural anesthesia were enrolled.All patients were given a battery of 5 neuropsychological tests before operation and seven days after operation.Patients were divided into POCD group and control group according to test results (45 patients in each group).The single nucleotide polymorphism C609T of NQO1 gene was detected using real-time PCR by Taqman probes and subjected to odd ratio assessment.Results 5 samples in control group couldn' t be used in the real-time PCR analysis due to quality control.The frequency of C/C genotype in POCD control was lower than that of control group ( 30.0% vs 11.1% ) with statistical significance ( OR = 0.292,95 % CI 0.092 ～ 0.92 1, P ＜ 0.05 ).The C/T +T/T genotype frequency was significantly higher in group POCD than in the control group(88.8% vs 70% ).Patients presented with C/T + T/T genotype showed an evidently increased risk of POCD ( OR =3.42,95% CI 1.08 ～ 10.82,P ＜ 0.05 ).The frequency of C allele of NQO1 gene in group control was 56.2%, as compared with 40% in group POCD with significance ( OR = 0.519,95% CI 0.282 ～ 0.955, P ＜ 0.05 ).The frequency of T allele of NQOI gene in control group was 43.7% ,as compared with 60.0% in POCD group( OR = 1.93,95% CI 1.047 ～3.552,P＜O.05).Conclusion The NQO1 gene single nucleotide polymorphism C609T is evidently associated with the increased risk of POCD.