Objective:To collect and evaluate the information of literature on perimenopausal syndrome.Methods:The computer retrieval method supplemented by manual inspection of literature.Results:590 relevant documents were retrieved and among which 129 were comprehensively studied.Conclusion:The quality of the literature should be improved though there was an annual quantitive increase of the literature on perimenopausal syndrome in TCM.Great efforts should be made in this aspect.

Aim To study the mechanisms of inotropic responses to doxazosin enantiomers in the isolated rat atrium.Methods We analyzed the positive inotropic response to (-)doxazosin and the negative inotropic response to (+)doxazosin in the left atrium of rat u-sing receptor-pharmacological technique.Results In the preparation treated with verapamil,the positive in-otropic responses to 3 μmol·L-1 (-)doxazosin were significantly inhibited from the control level (245.7 1 ± 44.29)mg to (172.50 ±43.34)mg,(P<0.05).In the preparation treated with methylene blue,the posi-tive inotropic responses to 3 μmol·L-1 (-)doxazosin were significantly potentiated from the control level (245.7 1 ±44.29 )mg to (303.33 ±45 .90 )mg,(P<0.05 ).In the preparation treated with H-89 ,the positive inotropic responses to 3,10 and 30 μmol · L-1 (-)doxazosin were (338.57 ±96.86 ) mg, (471.43 ±107.61)mg and (520.00 ±103.44)mg, which were significantly (P<0.05 ~0.01)larger than the control levels of (245.71 ±44.29)mg,(314.29 ±90.34)mg and (357.14 ±68.49 )mg.Treatment with phenoxybenzamine,atropine,propranolol or indo-methacin did not significantly affect the responses to doxazosin enantiomers.Conclusion The positive ino-tropic responses to (-)doxazosin in the isolated left a-trium of rat are partially involved in L-type Ca2+chan-nels and intracellular cGMP level.However,α-adre-noceptors,muscarinic receptors,β-adrenoceptors and cyclooxygenases are not related to the responses to doxazosin enantiomers.

Objective: To probe into the etiology of the sever e post-renal transplantation infection and its diagnosis and t reatment. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on the seve re infected cases among 1 504 renal transplantation cases. Results: (1)The infected rate in the whole group was 23.74%,and 14.01% of the infecti on cases was severely involved. (2) About 86% of the severe infection occurred within 6 months after operation and as high as 82% of the patients were successf ully rescued by various etiological treatment. (3) The main etiological causes according to their frequency and type were: Bacteria(Mycobacterium tub erculosis, Pseudomonas, Aureus staphylococcus, Bacillus cloacae, etc.); Fungus (Candida albians, Candida tropicals, Penicillum patulum). Cytomegalo virus also often appeared. Conclusion: (1) Infection is one of t h e common complications after renal transplantation and severe infection is an im portant cause of death. (2) Correct diagnosis and combined therapy in time may improve its success rate. (3) Characterized germ spectrum exists in severe post -renal transplantation infection and its role is of great importance to clinica l management.

Objectives To investigate the relationship between fluorosis polymorphisms in collagen type Ⅰ alpha 2 (COL1A2) and osteocalcin (OC) gene, and serum calciotropic hormone levels. Methods The children between 8 and 12 years of age in Kaifeng and Tongxu cities of Henan Province were chosen to be the object of observation. Accoding to situation of dental fluorosis, they were divided into three groups: dental fluorosis group, non-dental fluorosis group from high fluoride areas, and control group form the control areas. The Pvu Ⅱ and Rsa Ⅰ markers of COL1A2 gene as well as HindⅢ marker of OC gene were genotyped by PCR-RFLP procedure. Calcitonin and osteocalcin levels in serum were measured using radioimmunassays. Results The frequency distribution of COL1A2 PvuⅡ genotype was pp 49.3%(37/75), Pp 32.0%(24/75), PP 18.7%(14/75) in children with fluorosis; pp 43.5% (30/69), Pp 52.2% (36/69), PP 4.3%(3/69) in children without fluorosis from high fluoride areas; and pp 43.8% (42/96), Pp 40.6% (39/96), PP 15.6% (15/96) in the children without fluorosis from control areas respectively. Childrens with the homozygous genotype PP of COL1A2 Pvu Ⅱ had a significantly increased risk of dental fluorosis(OR=4.85, 95%CI: 1.22-19.32) compared to children with the homozygous genotype pp in anendemic fluorosis area. The frequency distribution of COLIA2 Rsa Ⅰ genotype was rr 50.7% (38/75), Rr 36.0% (27/75), RR 13.3%(10/75) in children with fluorosis; rr 46.4%(32/69), Rr 46.4%(32/69), RR 7.2%(5/69) in children without fluorosis from high fluoride areas, and rr 45.8% (44/96), Rr 45.8% (44/96), RR 8.3% (8/96) in the children without fluorosis from control areas respectively. There were no significant differences in the three groups (P>0.05). The frequency distribution of OC Hind Ⅲ genotype was hh 48.0% (36/75), Hh 34.7% (26/75), HH 17.3% (13/75) in children with fluorosis; hh 43.5% (30/69), Hh 43.5% (30/69), HH 13.0% (9/69) in children without fluorosis from high fluoride areas, and hh 47.9%(46/96), Hh 40.6%(39/96), HH 11.5%(11/96) in children without fluorosis from control areas respectively. There were no significant differences in the three groups (P>0.05). Additionally, fluoride levels in urine and OC levels inserum were found to be significantly lower in controls from non-endemic areas compared to cases(P<0.05). However, the differences in urine fluoride and serum OC levels were not observed when cases were compared to controls from high fluoride areas(P>0.05). Conehlsions This study provides the evidence of an association between polymorphisms in the COL1A2 gene with dental fluorosis in populations exposed to high fluoride. There were no correlation between OC Hind Ⅲ genotype and the dental fluorosis.

Objective: To investigate the association between maternal parenting styles and quality of life among preschools，to provide a scientific theoretical basis for interventions targeting at prmoting early life health. Methods: From May to July, 2021, a stratified cluster sampling method was used to enroll 4 233 child mother dyads from 14 preschools in Chengdu. An online questionnaire survey was administered to collect socio demographic information, maternal parenting styles, and children s quality of life. Results: The overall score of quality of life was (80.17±9.81) among preschool children in Chengdu. In the multivariate linear regression models, maternal emotional warmth were significantly associated with higher scores in emotional functioning, social functioning, school functioning, psychosocial health summary score, and total scores ( β coefficients in the high level group were 2.63 , 4.95 , 12.05, 6.54,4.88, P <0.05). In contrast, both maternal rejection and overprotection were significantly associated with lower scores in physical functioning, emotional functioning, social functioning, school functioning, psychosocial health summary score, and the total scores of children s quality of life (for rejection: β coefficients in the high level group were -9.39, -10.82, -7.12 , -6.04 , -8.00, and -8.35 , respectively; for overprotection: β coefficients in the high level group were -6.71, -5.85, -3.08 , -2.39 , -3.77, and - 4.51 , respectively， P <0.05). The associations between high level of maternal rejection and children s emotional functioning showed significant gender differences( β =-3.23, P <0.05). Conclusion Maternal parenting style has a significant impact on children s quality of life. Interventions targeting at maternal parenting styles may be beneficial to improve the quality of life in preschool children.

OBJECTIVETo review kidney transplantation in the center and analyze the risk factors affecting long-term allograft survival.

METHODSThirty-two relative variables were analyzed with SAS statistical software. Using Log-rank method, we investigated influence of these variables on short-and long-term survival of grafts. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate the 1-, 3-, 5-, 10-years graft survival rates and half-life. Proportional hazards regression analysis (Cox model) was used to assess and rank the relative risk of potential variables.

RESULTSThe 1-, 3-, 5-, 10-years graft survival rates were 83%, 75%, 66% and 48%. After excluding the patients died with functioning grafts, the 1-, 3-, 5-, 10 years grafts survival rate increased to 89%, 82%, 75% and 69%, respectively. The mean half-life was 8.78 +/- 0.14 and 14.09 +/- 0.20 years, respectively. By Log-rank analysis, factors affecting short- and long-term graft survival were identified as: renal function, duration of graft function became normal, cold-ischemia time, presence of acute rejection, delayed graft function, immunosuppressive regimen, complication, infection, anti-rejection therapy. Cox model multivariate analysis showed that there were 18 factors affecting graft survival.

CONCLUSIONSNew immunosuppressive agents not only significantly increase short-term graft survival, but also have the better long-term outcome tendency. Making assurance to get high quality donor organ and minimizing the death with graft function may be the most feasible way to prolong graft survival at present.

Adult ; Cadaver ; Female ; Graft Survival ; drug effects ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Transplantation, Homologous

Objective: To observe the predictive value of serial platelet function testing (PFT) on outcome in patients undergoing complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Six hundred and two consecutive patients undergoing complex PCI in Anzhen hospital were enrolled during October 2011 to June 2012.Adenosine diphosphate(ADP)-induced platelet aggregation was measured by light transmission aggregometry on the first, sixth and twelfth month after PCI and the mean value was calculated.The cut-off value of high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) was defined as 40%.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral event (MACCE). Clinical outcomes were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and differences were compared using the log-rank test.Multivariate analyses by Cox proportion hazards regression were applied to identify variables independently associated with the adverse outcomes. Results: Five hundred and eighty-five patients (HTPR, n=285; non-HTPR, n=280) finished the follow-up ((28.47±7.45) months). A total of 33 cases of MACCE were observed during the follow-up, among which 29 cases(8.42%) were in HTPR group and 9 cases (3.21%) in the non-HTPR group.Kaplan-Meier analysis suggested that HTPR was associated with an increased incidence of MACCE (log-rank test, P=0.01). The Cox multivariate analysis indicated that HTPR was an independent risk factor of MACCE (HR=2.69, 95%CI 1.23-5.85, P=0.01) in patients undergoing complex PCI.Incidence of MACCE was similar between HTRP patients receiving standard dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) or prolonged DAPT (>12 months). Conclusion Serial PFT could predict the long-term prognosis of patients underwent complex PCI.

Objective To summarize the effectiveness in monitoring activities for healthcare-associated infection (HAI)in China in the past 30 years,explore the changing trend in HAI monitoring,find a new model for the moni-toring of HAI in China.Methods A total of 194 comprehensive hospitals and military hospitals in 13 provinces (au-tonomous regions,municipalities)were selected,questionnaire survey was adopted to investigate the situation of HAI monitoring.Results Of 194 hospitals,184 (94.85%)had available data after being checked,incidence of HAI in secondary and tertiary hospitals were 0.78% and 1.58% respectively,difference was significant (P <0.01).Monitoring was divided into two stages,cumulative percentage of each monitoring activity before 2006 and during 2006-2016 were respectively as follows:environmental hygiene were 73.91% and 100.00%,disinfection ef-ficacy 69.57% and 97.28%,overall comprehensive monitoring 64.67% and 98.91%,surgical site infection(SSI) 13.04% and 94.57%,ICU HAI 4.89% and 87.50%,neonatal HAI 1.75% and 60.82%,multidrug-resistant or-ganisms(MDROs)5.43% and 95.65%,hand hygiene compliance 2.17% and 93.48%,antimicrobial agents 15.22% and 87.50%.The reporting rate of HAI outbreak in tertiary hospitals was higher than secondary hospitals (33.33% [n=37]vs 16.44%[n=12],P =0.01).Conclusion The monitoring of HAI in China starts late,but develops rapidly,defects still exist in HAI monitoring system,reporting rate of HAI cases is still high,reporting rate of HAI outbreak is low.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the high risk factors of failure of autologous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in hemodialysis patients. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted, patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) undergoing AVF admitted to General Hospital of Western Theater Command from January 2021 to December 2022 were enrolled, including 107 patients with normal AVF and 168 patients with AVF dysfanction. According to the causes of AVF failure, the patients were divided into AVF stenosis group (n = 103) and AVF thrombosis group (n = 65). Age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease) and other clinical data of all patients were collected. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, platelet count, C-reactive protein (CRP), high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) within 1 month of AVF use in normal dialysis patients and 1 week before AVF failure. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of AVF dysfuction in MHD patients. The receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was drawn to evaluate the predictive value of risk factors on AVF dysfuction in MHD patients. RESULTS: (1) There were significant differences in age, BMI, hypertension, hemoglobin, hematocrit, PLR and CRP [age (years): 56.94±14.32, 58.83±14.05, 51.57±13.19; BMI (kg/m²): 22.83±3.10, 21.27±4.98, 23.35±2.72; hypertension: 93.20%, 64.62%, 86.92%; hemoglobin (g/L): 110.82±22.16, 88.70±24.00, 87.95±23.45; hematocrit: 0.350±0.069, 0.282±0.076, 0.275±0.071; PLR: 197.35±113.59, 192.55±138.25, 162.12±73.25; CRP (mg/L): 10.01±4.02, 8.18±5.42, 3.17±1.30, all P < 0.05], among AVF stenosis group, AVF thrombosis group and AVF normal group, there were statistically significant differences no statistically significant difference was found in other indexes among three groups. (2) Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension [odds ratio (OR) = 4.849, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 1.278-18.397, P = 0.020], elevated CRP levels (OR = 2.104, 95%CI was 1.533-2.888, P = 0.000) were associated with AVF stenosis. Elevated CRP levels (OR = 1.984, 95%CI was 1.442-2.730, P = 0.000) was an independent risk factor for AVF thrombosis. Analysis of ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of AVF dysfunction predicted by CRP was 0.712, 95%CI was 0.637-0.786, P = 0.000; CRP cut-off value was 1.8 mg/L, the sensitivity was 67.0%, the specificity was 83.7%. CONCLUSIONS Elevated CRP is an independent risk factor for AVF failure in hemodialysis patients, which can be used to predict the occurrence of AVF failure.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Renal Dialysis/adverse effects* ; Lymphocytes ; C-Reactive Protein ; Risk Factors ; Hypertension ; Hemoglobins ; Thrombosis ; ROC Curve ; Prognosis