OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of Corbrin capsules for respiratory systemdisease systematically,in or-der to provide evidence-based reference for clinical use. METHODS:Retrieved from CJFD,China Dissertation Database,Wanfang database,VIP,Cochrane Library,Medline and PubMed,randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about conventional treatment plan(trial group)vs. single treatment plan(control group)in the treatment of respiratory system disease. The quality of included studies were evaluated after extracting data and modifying according to Jadad scale and Cochrane bias risk assessment scale. Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.2 statistical software. RESULTS:A total of 17 RCTs were included,involving 1801 patients. The re-sults of Meta-analysis showed that response rate [RD=0.15,95%CI(0.10,0.19),P<0.001],FEV1[MD=0.21,95%CI(0.14,0.28), P<0.001],FVC [MD=0.26,95%CI(0.05,0.47),P<0.001] and FEV1/FEV [MD=5.60,95%CI(3.42,7.78),P<0.001] of trial group were significantly higher than those of control group,with statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS:Corbrin capsules have good therapeutic efficacy for respiratory system disease and effectively improve lung related indicators.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the characteristics and regular pattern of the adverse drug reactions(ADR) in our hospital.METHODS: A total of 314 ADR case reports collected by ADR monitoring center in our hospital during 2007 were analyzed statistically.RESULTS: 13 categories(178 kinds) of drugs and 338 cases were involved in the total 314 ADR case reports,mainly anti-infective agents(128 cases,38 kinds) and Chinese drugs preparation(51 cases,20 kinds).The ADR were manifested chiefly as lesions of skin and its appendants(134 cases) followed by gastro-intestinal lesion(56 cases).The patients showed a favorable turn and the death occurred in only 1 case.CONCLUSION: More attention should be paid to the monitoring of rational drug use to avoid or reduce the incidence of ADR.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for drug procurement and supply and rational use of lipid-regulating agents. METHODS:The epidemiological investigation was carried out among 159 506 cases from 74 hospitals in Beijing,Chengdu, Guangzhou,Hangzhou,Shanghai and Tianjin in 2013. The utilization of lipid-regulating agents was analyzed statistically in re-spects of purchase value,DDDs,DDC,actual average daily dose and sort ratio. RESULTS:The prevalence rate of hyperlipidemia was relatively high,accounting for 29.56% and showing a tendency of regional distribution and young age in all regions. The pa-tients with hypertension,diabetes and coronary heart disease had a higher incidence to suffer from hyperlipidemia. The use of atorv-astatin was in the first place,but it also had a higher DDC;while rosuvastatin hasd the advantage over aorvastatin in drug market. Simvastatin had a lower DDC and was more suitable for the patients with low income. The doses of lipid-regulating agents in other regions were lower than DDD except for those in Beijing and Tianjin. CONCLUSIONS:Statins dominate the lipid-regulating agents market. But new lipid-regulating agents and drug combination provide a new choice for clinical treatment.

Objective:To analyze adverse drug reactions(ADRs)associated with proprietary Chinese medicine occurring in Beijing Hospital.Method:The ADRs associated with proprietary Chinese medicine between 2002 and 2006 were collected and the associated information was retrospectively analyzed.Result:a total of 179 ADRs were analyzed. Most of them occurring in women patients(76.1%)with hyperplasia of mammary glands who took Xiaojin pills and Xi- huang pills(22.1% & 12%).The herbal medicine injections were the other most associated ones.The clinical appearances of ADRs were rash and bodily manifestation of hypersensitiveness.Condusion:The investigation of Chinese medicine ADR plays a very important role in the modernization of Chinese medicine.

Objective To investigate the rationality and safety of dengzhanxixin injection used in elderly inpatients. Methods The clinical data of 986 inpatients including 620 males and 366 females were collected, and questionnaires containing age, sex, discharge diagnosis, symptoms, drug dosage, course of treatment, laboratory examination, adverse drug reaction and drug effect were analyzed. Results For the 986 cases, the average age was(74.3±7.5)years. The average dose of dengzhanxixin injection was (38.2±4.4) ml, once daily by intravenous drip, and the average period of treatment was (10.8±5.2) days. The adverse reaction rate was 0.81%. The levels of blood glucose and hemoglobin were decreased after treatment(t orμ=1226.5,2620.0, both P<0.05), but there were no statistical differences in the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (CREA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and white blood cell count (WBC) before and after treatment (t or μ=122.5, 405.0, 513.5, 996.5, 956.5, all P>0.05). Conclusions It is safe to use dengzhanxixin injection according to the medication description for elderly inpatients.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of photoselective green laser vaporization of bladder tumor (PVBT). Methods A total of 522 patients with bladder tumor were enrolled in present study from January 2010 to May 2015, including 405 cases of non muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and 117 cases of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). All of patients were treated with PVBT and intravesical instillation of epirubicin. Patients with MIBC received intravenous chemotherapy (kisi-hama and cisplatin). Results The hospitalization time was (7.32±1.28) days, the operation time was (27.08±5.36) min, and the indwelling urinary catheter was (2.42±0.34) days for patients in NMIBC group. During the follow-up period (12-60 months), 38 cases (9.4％) relapsed, of which 3 cases underwent radical cystectomy, and other 35 cases underwent PVBT again. All 405 patients were alive at the end of follow-ups. The hospitalization time was(26.18 ± 1.92) days, the operation time was (38.32 ± 6.54) min, and the time of indwelling urinary catheter was (2.72 ± 0.85) days for patients of MIBC group. During the follow-up period (12-60 months), 19 cases (16.2％) relapsed. Among them, 4 patients underwent radical cystectomy, and other 15 cases underwent PVBT. Six patients died from distant organ metastasis (including 2 cases of pulmonary metastasis and 4 cases of bone metastasis), and other 111 patients survived. Conclusion PVBT is safe and effective in the clinical application, especially for NMIBC and MIBC patients who are unable or unwilling to undergo radical cystectomy.

Objective To investigate the effects of CD24 on CCl4-induced murine liver fibrosis and to analyze the possible molecular mechanism.Methods Wild type (WT) and CD24 knockout (CD24-/-) C57BL/6 mice were treated with CCl4 through intraperitoneal injection.Levels of ALT in serum samples were detected and liver tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) to assess liver tissue injury.Sirius Red staining was used to observe liver fibrosis.Real-time PCR was performed to detect the expression of α-SMA (α-smooth muscle actin), Col1a1 (Collagen, typeⅠ, alpha 1), TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1) and CD24 at mRNA level in liver tissues.Western blot was performed to analyze the expression of α-SMA and Col1a1 at protein level.Flow cytometry analysis was used to detect the macrophages in liver tissues.ELISA was used to detect the expression of TGF-β1 in the culture supernatants of M1 and M2 macrophages.Results The expression of CD24 at both mRNA and protein levels were up-regulated in mice with CCl4-induced liver fibrosis.HE staining showed that liver inflammation in CD24-/-mice was more severe than that in WT mice after treated with CCl4.Sirius Red staining of paraffin-embadded liver sections revealed that compared with WT mice, CD24-/-mice presented with more severe liver fibrosis.Moreover, α-SMA and Col1a1, indicators of liver fibrosis, in CD24-/-mice were significantly higher than those in WT mice.Flow cytometry analysis showed that murine hepatic macrophages significantly increased in CD24-/-mice than in WT mice following CCl4 treatment.Real-time PCR analysis also confirmed that significantly enhanced expression of TGF-β1 at mRNA level in liver tissues was observed in CD24-/-mice than in WT mice.TGF-β1 secreted in the culture supernatant of M2 macrophages derived from CD24-/-mice group was more than that of the WT mice group.No significant difference in TGF-β1 secretion in culture supernatant of M1 macrophages was observed between the two groups.Conclusion Taken together, these data suggest that CD24 plays an important role in attenuating CCl4-induced chronic inflammation and hepatic fibrosis in mice.The mechanism of CD24 in alleviating liver fibrosis might be through regulating intrahepatic macrophages, inhibiting the secretion of TGF-β1 by M2 macrophages and suppressing the activation of hepatic stellate cells.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of CD24 on Ly6Chi macrophages in liv-er and its influences on bile duct ligation ( BDL)-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice. Methods Liver fibrosis was induced in wild-type ( WT) and CD24-/- mice by surgical ligation of the biliary duct. Levels of alanine amino transferase ( ALT) in serum were detected and liver sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin ( H&E) staining to assess the severity of liver injury. Sirius Red staining was used to observe the degree of liver fibrosis. Real-time PCR was performed for detecting the expression of hepatic fibrosis-related markers and TGF-β1 at mRNA level. The percentage of macrophages and the number of TGF-β1-producing macro-phages were measured by flow cytometry. Results BDL-induced liver fibrosis was exacerbated in CD24-/-mice than in WT mice as demonstrated by more serious hyperplasia in bile duct, more inflammatory infiltra-tion at the portal area and higher levels of ALT in serum. Results of Sirius red staining also showed that the liver fibrosis was more severe in CD24-/- mice than in WT mice. Moreover, α-SMA and collagen typeⅠalpha 1 (Col1a1) were significantly upregulated in CD24-/- mice. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that CD24 was highly expressed by hepatic macrophages in BDL-induced WT mice, and the percentages of hepat-ic macrophages were significantly elevated in CD24-/-mice compared with those in WT mice. Further analy-sis revealed that the percentages of Ly6Chi hepatic macrophages in CD24-/- mice were higher than those in WT mice, but there was no significant difference in the percentages of Ly6Clo macrophages. The expression of TGF-β1 at mRNA level was increased in CD24-/-mice as compared with that in WT mice after BDL. Mo-reover, intracellular staining showed that Ly6Chi hepatic macrophages in CD24-/- mice secreted more TGF-β1 than the macrophages in WT mice. Conclusions CD24 might attenuate the BDL-induced liver fibrosis in mice via regulating the percentage of hepatic Ly6Chi macrophages and the secretion of TGF-β1.

In the electromagnetic compatibility standards of active implantable medical devices such as ISO 14117,radiated immunity test above 450 MHz frequency is recommended to be carried out in the electromagnetic shielding room.However,different test locations and the shape/size of the shielding room may lead to very different electromagnetic field distribution in the radiation exposure area of the sample,thus affecting the consistency of the test.With the model built by COMSOL software,this paper analyzes the impact of different parameters,such as size of the room and position of torso simulator on the distribution of field intensity,and reaches results about the distribution of field intensity on the torso simulator area under tow sizes of shielding rooms and two typical test positions.The results show that the experimental consistency of the electric field intensity on the surface directly below the center of the antenna is not good enough,which may affect the repeatability of the test.
Electromagnetic Fields ; Prostheses and Implants