Objective To estimate the degree of oxidative stress and atherosclerosis praecox in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and emphasize on exploring AOPPs' clinical significance in premature atherosclerosis in SLE. Methods The levels of AOPPs, Hey, MDA, SOD, baPMV and CIMT were detected by ELISA and spectropholometry in 44 non-menopausal female SLE patients and 31 healthy middle-aged women respectively, and baPWV. The results were compared with AOPPs of the two groups. Then each group was stratified based on disease duration (≥5 years or <5 years) and the disease activity(active and inactive) in SLE patients. The patients' TC, TG, LDL were analyzed. T test, t' test and Pearson correla-tion were selected. Results The levels of AOPPs, Hcy, MDA in SLE patients were significantly higher than those of the healthy controls (P<0.05). The activities of SOD were lower than controls (P<0.05). The levels of AOPPs, Hcy, MDA, SOD had statistical significance between SLE patients disease duration ≥5 years or <5 years, active or inactive groups. There were two cases with CAP in patients with SLE (more than 5 years disease duration),while there wasnone in healthy controls. The levels of baPWV and CIMT in patients with SLE were higher than healthy controls (P<0.05), and had statistical significance in SLE patients disease duration more than or less than 5 years (P<0.05). The oxidative stress targets (AOPPs, Hey, MDA, SOD) had significant correlation with the level of baPWV and CIMT (P<0.01). The level of serum AOPPs had significant positive correlation with the levels of Hcy, TC, TG and LDL (P<0.01～0.05). Conclusion SLE patients have increased oxidative stress , and significantly higher prevalence of atherosclerosis than healthy controls. The disease duration and oxidative stress play important roles in the duration of atherosclerosis. AOPPs probably involves in the accelerated atherosclerosis of SLE patients. It may be a predictor for SLE complicated with atherosclerosis praecox.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic airway diseases,which leads to heavy social and economic burden to our country.We can use serum biomarkers to evaluate diagnosis,classification,treatment and prognosis of COPD.The change of biomarkers provides lots of valuable clinical information.A variety of biomarkers are associated with the severity of lung function,which can be used to judge disease severity.Some indicators are related to the diagnosis of acute exacerbation or hospitalization risk.Some serum markers would guide therapy and can be effectively applied to clinical work.Study of COPD serum biomarkers would provide more reference information for clinical physicians in diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of COPD.

Objective To evaluate the effects of isoflurane postconditioning on mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) in brain tissues of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.Methods One hundred and twenty 7-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 12-16 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),isoflurane group (group I),hypoxicischemic brain injury group (group HIBI),and hypoxic-ischemic brain injury + isoflurane postconditioning group (group HI).To establish hypoxic-ischemic brain injury model in the neonatal rats,the left common carotid artery ligation was carried out,and then the rats were exposed to 8％ O2 + 92％ N2 at 37 ℃ for 2 h in HIBI and HI groups.The rats inhaled 1.5 ％ isoflurane for 30 min after the model was established in group HI.The rats only inhaled 1.5％ isoflurane for 30 min in group I.At 24 h after the model was established,10 rats taken out randomly in each group were sacrificed and brains were removed to detect mPTP opening.At 7 days after the model was established,the survival rate was recorded in the rest rats.The rats were then sacrificed and brains were removed and the right and left cerebral hemispheres were weighed separately,and the ratio between left/right cerebral hemispheres was calculated.The density of normal neurons in ventral posterior inferior thalamic nucleus and hippocampal CA3 region in the left and right cerebral hemispheres were measured and the ratios of the density of normal neurons in the left to right cerebral hemisphere were calculated.Results There was no significant difference in the survival rate between the four groups (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group S,the ratios of the density of normal neurons in the left to right cerebral hemisphere,weight of left cerebral hemisphere,and ratio between left/right cerebral hemispheres were significantly decreased,and mPTP opening was increased in group HIBI (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant changes were found in the parameters mentioned above in group I (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group HIBI,the ratios of the density of normal neurons in the left to right cerebral hemisphere,weight of left cerebral hemisphere,and ratio between left/right cerebral hemispheres were significantly increased,and mPTP opening was decreased in group HI (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which isoflurane postconditioning reduces hypoxic-ischemic brain injury may be related to inhibition of mPTP opening in brain tissues of neonatal rats.

Objective To evaluate the effects of isoflurane postconditioning on long-term cognitive function of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI).Methods Sixty 7-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 12-16 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =15 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group Ⅰ),isoflurane postconditioning group (group Ⅱ),cerebral hypoxia-ischemia group (group Ⅲ),and isoflurane postconditioning after cerebral hypoxia-ischemia group (group Ⅳ).Brain ischemia was induced by permanent ligation of the left common carotid artery followed by inhalation of 8 ％ O2-92 ％ N2 for 2 h at 37 ℃ in Ⅲ and Ⅳ groups.In Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups,the left common carotid artery was only isolated but not ligated.The rats inhaled 1.5％ isoflurane in 30％ O2-70％ N2 for 30 min starting from 2 h of hypoxia in Ⅱ and Ⅳ groups.The rats were exposed to 30％ O2-70％ N2 for 30 min in Ⅰ and Ⅲ groups.Morris water maze test was carried out at 30-35 days after HIBI.The escape latency,swimming speed,swimming distance,the number of times the animals crossing the platform quadrant,the percentage of time spent in the platform quadrant and the percentage of swimming distance in the platform quadrant were recorded.The animals were sacrificed after Morris water maze test.The density of normal neurons in ventral posterior inferior thalamic nucleus and hippocampal CA3 region in left and right cerebral hemisphere was measured and the ratio of the density of normal neurons in the left to right cerebral hemisphere was calculated.Results Compared with group Ⅰ,the escape latency was significantly prolonged at 30-34 days after HIBI in group Ⅲ and at 31 and 34 days after HIBI in Ⅳ group,the number of times the animals crossing the platform quadrant,percentage of time spent in the platform quadrant,percentage of swimming distance in the platform quadrant,and ratio of the density of normal neurons in the left to right cerebral hemisphere were decreased at day 35 after HIBI in group Ⅲ,no significant changes were found in the number of times the animals crossing the platform quadrant,percentage of time spent in the platform quadrant,and percentage of swimming distance in the platform quadrant,and the ratio of the density of normal neurons in the left to right cerebral hemisphere was decreased at day 35 after HIBI in group Ⅳ,and no significant changes were found in the parameters mentioned above in group Ⅱ.Compared with group Ⅲ,the escape latency was significantly shortened at 31-34 days after HIBI,and the number of times the animals crossing the platform quadrant,percentage of time spent in the platform quadrant,percentage of swimming distance in the platform quadrant,and ratio of the density of normal neurons in the left to right cerebral hemisphere were increased at day 35 after HIBI in group Ⅳ.There was no significant difference in the swimming speed and swimming distance at day 35 after HIBI between groups.Conclusion Isoflurane postconditioning can improve long-term cognitive function of neonatal rats with HIBI.

Objective To evaluate the effect of hypoxic-ischemic time on reduction of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury by sevoflurane postconditioning in neonatal rats.Methods Two hundred and ten 7-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats (105 male,105 female),weighing 13-17 g,were randomly divided into 7groups (n=30 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group Sham),hypoxia-ischemia group (group HI),and sevoflurane postconditioning at different hypoxic-ischemic time point groups (P0,P3,P6,P 12 and P24 groups).Immediately after ligation of the left common carotid artery,and at 3,6,12 and 24 h after ligation,the rats inhaled the mixed gas containing 2％ sevoflurane for 30 min in P0,P3,P6,P13 and P24 groups,respectively.The fatality was recorded within 7 days after establishment of the model.At 7 days after establishment of the model,the rats were sacrificed,the brains were removed,and the right and left cerebral hemispheres were weighed separately,and the left/right cerebral hemisphere weight ratio was calculated.The hippocampal CA1 region and posterior cingulate gyrus were isolated,and the ratio of density of normal neurons in the left to the right was calculated.Results Compared with group Sham,the left cerebral hemisphere weight,left/right cerebral hemisphere weight ratio,and ratio of density of normal neurons were significantly decreased,and the fatality rate was increased in the other six groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group HI,the left cerebral hemisphere weight,left/right cerebral hemisphere weight ratio,and ratio of density of normal ncurons were significantly increased in P0,P3 and P6 groups (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in P12 and P24 groups (P＞0.05).Compared with group P6,the left cerebral hemisphere weight,left/right cerebral hemisphere weight ratio,and ratio of density of normal neurons were significantly increased in P0 and P3 groups (P＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the parameters mentioned above between group P0 and group P3 (P＞0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane postconditioning performed within 6 h of hypoxia-ischemia can reduce hypoxic-ischemic brain injury,and it provides no cerebral protection if exceeding 12 h.

Objective:To construct a Nurses′ Growth Mindset Assessment Scale, and to test the reliability and validity of the scale, so as to provide an assessment tool for accurately assessing nurses′growth mindset ability.Methods:From June to October 2021, taking the growth mindset theory as the research framework, at the same time, the related researches on the growth mindset were reviewed and analyzed, the item pool of the scale was comprehensively constructed, and the formal version of the scale was formed through factor analysis, Delphi method and other research methods. A total of 578 nurses from Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Shandong Provincial Hospital were investigated to test the reliability and validity of the scale by simple sampling method.Results:The constructed formal scale consisted of 31 items and 3 dimensions. The 3 dimensions were self-awareness, attitude towards challenges and resilience to setbacks. The cumulative variance contribution rate was 65.954%. The Cronbach′s alpha coefficient was 0.926, and the Spearman-Brown split-half reliability coefficient was 0.750.Conclusions:Nurses′ Growth Mindset Assessment Scale has good reliability and validity, and can be used to evaluate the nurses′ growth mindset ability.

Objective:To search, select and integrate the available evidence for the intracranial pressure management in patients with hemorrhagic stroke, to provide evidence-based references for clinical practice.Methods:According to the "6S" pyramid model, all literature on the management of intracranial pressure in patients with hemorrhagic stroke was retrieved from the websites and database including UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, relevant guideline net works and association websites as well as National stroke database,Yimaitong, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP and other databases, including Clinical decision-making, guidelines, evidence collection, systematic evaluation, expert consensus and evidence-related original research. The search time limit was from the establishment of the database to June 10, 2022. Two researchers independently evaluated the literature quality. The qualified literature was extracted.Results:A total of 19 pieces of literature were included, including 3 clinical decision-making, 5 guidelines, 3 systematic reviews, 4 expert consensuses, 3 randomized controlled studies and 1 case series study. Finally, 23 pieces of best evidence were summarized, involving 5 aspects such as assessment and monitoring, management goals, management scheme, treatment selection and methods, risk management.Conclusions:Active intracranial pressure management can improve the prognosis of patients with hemorrhagic stroke. It is recommended that health care professionals should select evidence in combination with specific clinical situations and formulate individualized intracranial pressure management programs.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block (QLB) on acute pain after total hip arthroplasty.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted of the 36 patients with hip osteoarthritis who had undergone selective one-side total hip arthroplasty under total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) from January 2019 to January 2020. According to whether additional QLB was used or not they were divided into 2 equal groups ( n=18). The control group of 10 males and 8 females with an age of 60.5±9.4 years used mere TIVA while the QLB group of 7 males and 11 females with an age of 53.6±12.7 years used TIVA plus QLB. All patients accepted patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) postoperatively. The 2 groups were compared in terms of visual analogue scale (VAS) at rest and during exercise and IL-6 level at 24 h postoperation, consumption of opioids and postoperative incidence of nausea and vomiting. Results:There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in their preoperative general data, indicating they were compatible ( P>0.05). The VAS scores at rest and during exercise in the QLB group (0.3 ± 0.5 and 0.8 ± 0.6) were significantly lower than in the control group (2.1 ± 0.7 and 2.7 ± 0.5), the IL-6 level in the former[40.9 (30.5, 56.3) pg/mL] was significantly lower than in the latter[165.0 (82.5, 276.5) pg/mL], the intraoperative total consumptions of sufentanil[6 (6, 7) μg] and remifentanil[1,370 (1,200, 1,485) μg] in the former were significantly lower than in the latter[35 (30, 40) μg and 1, 910 (1, 805, 2, 000) μg], and the postoperative incidenceof nausea and vomiting[27.8%(5/18)] in the former was significantly lower than in the latter[77.8%(14/18)] (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block can effectively relieve acute pain in patients after total hip arthroplasty. It can suppress stress-related inflammatory factors, reduce consumption of opioids and incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Objective: To study the fatigue symptoms of adult patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and to analyze the possible factors that affect the severity of fatigue. Methods: Eligible adult patients with ITP who admitted to Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital were enrolled in this study and the questionnaires including a Chinese version of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue) , the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) , the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) and demographic information were completed. The predictors of fatigue were determined with multiple linear regression analyses. Results: A total of 207 patients with ITP were enrolled, including 70 males (33.8%) and 137 females (66.2%) , the median age was 42 (18-72) years old. The FACIT-F score in ITP patients was (37.50±9.05) . The FACIT-F severity of ITP patients was positively correlated with the platelet count (r=0.307, P<0.001) . The FACIT-F severity was negatively correlated with bleeding severity (r=-0.276, P<0.001) , sleep quality (r=-0.654, P<0.001) , depression (r=-0.598, P<0.001) and anxiety (r=-0.616, P<0.001) . A multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the severity of ITP-related fatigue was significantly correlated with platelet count (P<0.001) , bleeding severity (P=0.004) , sleep quality (P<0.001) and depression (P<0.001) . Conclusion Fatigue was determined by complicated factors in adult ITP patients. Interventions addressing depressive symptoms, sleep quality, bleeding symptoms and platelet count could be potential avenues for treatment of fatigue in patients with ITP.

Objective To investigate the genetic causal relationship between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its serological antibody levels with pre-eclampsia (PE) based on Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with significant differences were screened as instrumental variables,and the five MR analytic method with the inverse variance weighting (IVW) as the main analytical method were applied to comprehensively assess the causal cc relationship between OA,serum antibody levels PE.The MR-Egger intercept method,MR pleiotropy residual and outlier (MR-PRESSO) method,Cochrane's Q-test were applied to explore the horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity of SNP,and the leave-one-out meth-od was used to explore the effect of individual SNPs on MR results.Results The IVW result indicated that RA (OR=1.098,95％CI:1.036-1.164,P=0.002) and seropositive RA (OR=1.088,95％CI:1.026-1.153,P=0.005) were the PE risk factors,whereas seronegative RA (OR=1.036,95％CI:0.971-1.104, P=0.282) did not have a significant causal relationship with PE.No significant level pleiotropy or heteroge-neity was found in the SNPs used in MR analyses of the 3 exposure factors.rs34434863 played a decisive role in the causal relationship of RA and seropositive RA with PE.Conclusion Based on MR analysis,there is a significant positive causal relationship between RA and seropositive RA with PE,whereas there was no signifi-cant causal relationship between seronegative RA and PE.