Objective To investigate the application of of Gaussian 09/GuassView 5.0 in spectra teaching in Analytical Chemistry.Method Undergraduates of Pharmaceutical Science in 2014 grade of Kunming Medical University were selected to teach with a method with the help of Gaussian 09/GuassView 5.0 soft.Calculations of UV spectra,IR spectra and NMR spectra of compounds were introduced to make better understanding in the learning of relative knowledge points.The teaching effect was evaluated by the comparison of theoretical exam results of 2013 grade which didn't use soft.Result The theoretical test results showed that the scoring averages of the 2014 grade in UV,IR and NMR spectra were significantly higher than that in 2013 grade (P＜0.05).Conclusion Gaussian 09/GuassView 5.0 can visualize the nonobjective knowledge,and imporve the students' interesting,thus improving the efficiency of teaching and learning.

Objective To compare the effect of oxycodone,sufentanil and fentanyl on immune function in patients with colon cancer under postoperative analgesia,provide guidance and basis for clinical medication.Methods Ninety patients 49 males and 41 females,aged <65 years,ASA physi-cal status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,were enrolled and randomly divided into 3 groups using a random number table (n=30):oxycodone group (group O),sufentanil group (group SF)and fentanyl group (group F).All patients underwent the same way to maintain anesthesia.The PCIA pump recipe were as follows:group O,oxycodone 2 mg/kg+granisetron 3 mg,added normal saline to 100 ml;group SF,sufen-tanil 0.002 mg/kg+granisetron 3 mg,added normal saline to 100 ml;group F,fentanyl 0.02 mg/kg+granisetron 3 mg,added normal saline to 100 ml;The background volume of PCIA electronic pump was 2 ml/h,the amount of each press was 2 ml,the lock time was 1 5 min,the pump time lasted for 24 h and maintained for 2 days after operation.The percentage of CD4+,CD8+and NK cells in venous blood were recorded at the end of surgery,6 h,12 h,24 h and 48 h after surgery.Results In CD4+,in the time points of 6 h,12 h,24 h after surgery,it was significantly higher in group O than that in groups SF and F (P<0.05);CD8+in group O was higher than that of group F,and CD8+in group F was higher than group SF at the time of 6 h after surgery.The group O was significantly higher than that of the groups SF and F at the times of 12 h,24 h after surgery (P<0.05);In NK cells,at the time points of 12 h,24 h and 48 h after surgery,it was significantly higher in group O than in groups SF and F (P<0.05).Conclusion Three analgesic drugs caused decline in immune function.Sufentanil and fentanyl have the similar effects on immunity,but oxycodone have a relatively small effect on immunity.Oxycodone is a more appropriate analgesic drug for colon cancer under postoperative analgesia.

Objective To observe the changes of glycocholic acid (CG) and evaluate the diagnostic value of CG combined with total bile acid (TBA) and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) in various liver diseases.Methods From October 2016 to March 2017,210 serum samples of healthy people,asymptomatic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected,hepatitis,biliary obstruction,hepatocirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma patients were collected.CG and LAP were detected by corresponding kits,and liver function,coagulation function and other indicators of patients were collected and analyzed statistically.Results The serum level of CG were elevated in the 4 liver disease groups and differed statistically from the normal group or the asymptomatic HBV infected group.CG level was positively correlated with LAP (r =0.380,P ＜ 0.01).In liver function indexes,CG was correlated with total bilirubin (TB),direct bilirubin (DB),TBA and alkaline phosphatase (AKP).At the same time,CG was correlated with fibrinogen(Fib),thrombin time(TT).LAP and TBA were introduced into regression equation Y =-0.835 + 0.157X1 +0.312X2 (X1:LAP,X2:TBA,R2 =0.685) as final variables in multivariate linear regression to analyse the influencing factors of CG.Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that CG had the strongest ability to diagnose liver diseases in combination with LAP.Conclusions The change of CG level is of great significance in all kinds of liver diseases.The combination of LAP has the strongest ability to diagnose liver diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of subacute systemic inhalation exposure of 1,2-dichloroethane(1,2-DCE) on learning and memory in NIH mice. METHODS: Forty-five specific pathogen free healthy 7-week-old NIH mice were randomly divided into control,low-dose and high-dose groups with 5 female mice and 10 male mice in each group. The mice were exposed to 1,2-DCE at dosages of 0. 00,100. 00 and 350. 00 mg/m3 for 6 hours per day for consecutive 28 days by dynamic systemic inhalation. The neurobehavioral tests of mice were performed before and after the first to fourth weeks of exposure using the Morris water maze test. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in body weight and swimming speed among the three groups of mice( P > 0. 05). The navigation experiment results showed that the escape latency of mice in both low-and high-dose groups were longer than that of the control group at the same time point(P < 0. 05) during 1-4 weeks after exposure. In the control group,the escape latency was shorter than that of the same group before exposure( P < 0. 05). The escape latency of high-dose group prolonged with the increase of exposure time,and in the 4 th week the escape latency was significantly higher than that of the same group before exposure( P < 0. 05).The experiment results of space exploration indicated that the first time of crossing platform in low-and high-dose groups were longer than that of the control group at the second to the fourth week( P < 0. 05). The target quadrant retention time and the number of crossing the platform in the low-and high-dose groups were lower than those in the control group( P <0. 05). CONCLUSION: Subacute inhalation exposure of 1,2-DCE can impair the learning and memory ability of NIH mice.The high-dose exposure may reduce learning ability in mice in a time-effect manner.

Objective: The expression of spectrin beta chain, brain1(SPTBN1) were measured in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines, as well as tissues and serums of NPC cases and normal controls. The clinical value of SPTBN1 expression for NPC diagnosis were assessed along with the antibody levels of early antigen-IgA(EA-IgA) and viral capsid antigen-IgA(VCA-IgA). Methods: A total of 71 nasopharynx tissue specimens and 130 serum from both NPC cases and matched health controls were collected from December 2016 to December 2018. In logistic regression the levels of SPTBN1, EA-IgA, VCA-IgA were identified and included in an integrative risk prediction model. Discriminatory accuracy was measured by generation of receiver operator curves and estimation of area under the curve (AUC). Results: The SPTBN1 concentration in cell lines from NP69, 6-10B to 5-8F showed a decreasing trend (H=50.205, P<0.05). The SPTBN1 expression level in serums were significantly lower [73(42, 142)] compared to controls, while EA-IgA and VCA-IgA levels [3.42(1.29, 5.19),3.55(1.95, 5.01)]were higher in NPC serum samples (H_SPTBN1=24.105, H_EA-IgA=52.398, H_VCA-IgA=70.426, P<0.01). The findings were confirmed in tissues that the positive SPTBN1 rate were significantly lower in cases (86.7%) as compared to controls (43.9%, χ²=13.443, P<0.001). In the risk prediction model for NPC diagnosis, the AUC of SPTBN1 alone and the integrated regression model were 0.794 and 0.987, respectively (Z=4.900,P<0.01). Conclusions The lower expression of SPTBN1 was a potential marker in NPC diagnosis. The combined analysis of SPTBN1, EA-IgA and VCA-IgA may improve the sensitivity and specificity in NPC diagnosis.

“Deficiency cause， cold accumulation， and qi stagnation” originates from Essentials from the Golden Cabinet （《金匮要略》）， which is a guiding principle for the pathogenesis of women's diseases， pioneering the differentiation and treatment of women's diseases based on patterns， and having a profound influence on future generations. Following the classical principles and simplifying the complexities， this paper explored the pathogenesis and mechanism of polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） from the perspective of “deficiency cause， cold accumulation， and qi stagnation”， and believed that depletion of essence and blood， long-term accumulation of internal cold， and qi constraint and blood stasis are the causes of PCOS， with depletion of essence and blood， and lack of nourishment of zang-fu （脏腑） organs as the root， and cold pathogen invasion， qi constraint and blood stasis as the branch. The main treatment principle is “treating deficiency with supplementation”， and dispelling pathogen while reinforcing healthy qi， along with “treatment of cold by warming” and “treatment of stagnation by dispersing”. This is of great significance for the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. Clinically， these methods can be used flexibly to guide treatment and formula selection for PCOS， with the goal of harmonizing qi and blood and regulating menstruation.

Objective To investigate Shanghai rehabilitation resources and services, define the status and problems and provide suggestions for making Shanghai rehabilitation health care system planning. Methods Based on the "Structure-Process-Result" theoretical framework, the questionnaire survey and field investigation were conducted on medical institutions in term of the rehabilitation departments setting, manpower, beds, equipment, housing, income and expenditure, and referral services. Results There were 321 rehabilitation doctors, 860 rehabilitation therapists and 666 rehabilitation nurses, 2199 preparation beds and 2573 real beds in all kinds of rehabilitation medical institutions. The rates of carrying out rehabilitation services were 94.79% in general hospitals, 100.00% in rehabilitation hospitals, 75.56% in community health service centers, rehabilitation equipment rates were 50.79%, 71.15%, 17.77%, and 27.73 %, 30.00%, 13.21% of them provided outpatient rehabilitation services. Conclusion Shanghai tertiary rehabilitation medical services architecture has initially formed, however, there are still many problems in the rehabilitation function. The rehabilitation health care system planning should focus on rehabilitation services capacity, rehabilitation staff team, rehabilitation resources and services referrals.

Objective To investigate the status of rehabilitation personnel in Shanghai. Methods Shanghai medical institutions were investigated through self-questionnaire including rehabilitation personnel quantity, basic characteristics of sociology and training from 2011 to 2013. Results There are 2262 rehabilitation personnel on duty in the medical institutions, with 321 rehabilitation doctors, 860 rehabilitation therapists and 666 rehabilitation nurses, 415 people without identity; female rehabilitation doctors, female rehabilitation therapists and female rehabilitation nurses account for 48.91%, 54.77%, 98.80% respectively; 25-34 years old group accounts for 44.24%, 38.84% and 39.79% respectively; working less than 5 years accounts for 30.84%, 65.00% and 60.81% respectively. Rehabilitation doctors with bachelor degree and clinical profession account for 56.70% and 75.07% respectively; rehabilitation therapists with college degree and rehabilitation profession account for 48.37% and 89.19% respectively; rehabilitation nurses with college degree and nursing profession account for 52.25% and 99.55% respectively; rehabilitation physicians, therapists and rehabilitation nurses who didn't accept the professional training of rehabilitation account for 4.36%, 4.07% and 28.68% respectively. Conclusion Shanghai rehabilitation personnel are deficient and some staff has not yet been identified, rehabilitation personnel structure and functional reeducation also need to be reinforced.

ObjectiveBy exploring the volatile components， polysaccharide composition and changes in the contents of five carbohydrate components of Polygonatum cyrtonema rhizoma before and after processing， and then the effect of yellow rice wine on the odour formation of P. cyrtonema rhizoma was investigated. MethodThe volatile components of P. cyrtonema rhizoma before and after processing were detected by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（HS-GC-MS）， and sample data were subjected to principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） using SIMCA 14.1， then the differences between these components of P. cyrtonema rhizoma before and after processing were screened according to the principle of variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1. Crude carbohydrate components in raw and wine-processed P. cyrtonema rhizoma were subjected to oxime and silylation， the carbohydrate components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS/MS）， and the relative contents of various components were calculated by peak area normalization， then quantitative analysis of four carbohydrate components was also carried out. ResultA total of 23 volatile components were identified from the raw products and the wine-processed products， including 15 components in raw products and 20 components in wine-processed products. Among them， 2-methylbutyraldehyde and isovaleraldehyde had a sweet odor and their contents increased after processing， but the contents of hexanal and caproic acid decreased， new components such as 2-acetylfuran and 5-methylfuranal were produced after processing. PCA and OPLS-DA results showed that there were significant differences between raw products and the wine-processed products， a total of 13 differential compounds were screened out， of which 7 showed an upward trend in relative content and 6 showed a downward trend. A total of 7 carbohydrate components， including 5 monosaccharides and 2 disaccharides， were identified in raw products and the wine-processed products. The results of determination showed that the contents of fructose， glucose， mannose and sucrose in P. cyrtonema rhizoma increased after wine-processing， and their increases were 4.54， 1.51， 2.93， 3.66 times， respectively. ConclusionAfter processing， the increase of aromatic flavor of P. cyrtonema rhizoma may be related to the increase of the contents of aldehydes such as 2-methylbutyraldehyde and isovaleraldehyde， while the decrease of raw flavor may be related to the decrease of the contents of volatile components such as hexanal and hexanoic acid， the increase of sweet flavor may be related to the increase of the contents of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides such as fructose and sucrose.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the improvement effects of 3，5，6，7，8，3′，4′-heptamethoxyflavone （HMF） of Fructus Aurantii on rats with damp blockage of the middle energizer. METHODS The rats were randomly divided into normal group， model group， positive control group （Raceanisodamine tablet， 1 mg/kg）， HMF low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups （0.3， 0.6， 0.9 mg/kg）， with 7 rats in each group. Except for the normal group， the other groups were modeled by internal and external composite factors. After successful modeling， the rats in each group were given the corresponding drug or normal saline， once a day， for 14 days. The general behavioral states such as dietary intake， water intake and mental state of the rats were observed， and the fecal water content rate and saliva flow rate were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the pathological and morphology in gastric and small intestinal tissues of rats. The plasma content of aldosterone was detected， and the expression of aquaporins （AQP3） in the gastric tissue of rats was determined. RESULTS Compared with the normal group， the dietary intake and water intake of the model group rats were significantly decreased （P＜0.01）， the fecal water content rate， salivary flow rate， plasma content of aldosterone and the expression of AQP3 in gastric tissue were increased significantly （P＜0.01）. Gastric tissue injury invaded the mucosal muscle layer， resulting in mucosal muscle layer rupture； pathological and morphological changes such as small intestinal villous erosion and glandular structure destruction were observed in the small intestine. Compared with the model group， the dietary intake and water intake of rats were increased in HMF groups； fecal water content rate， salivary flow rate， plasma content of aldosterone， the expression of AQP3 in gastric tissue were decreased， most of the above differences were statistically significant （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The pathological and morphological changes in the gastric and small intestine tissues of rats had been improved to varying degrees. CONCLUSIONS HMF of Fructus Aurantii with dry property HMF could improve the symptoms of rats with damp blockage of middle energizer， the mechanism of which may be associated with reducing the content of plasma aldosterone and down-regulating the expression of gastric AQP3.