1.The Folio Method for Pathologic Specimens.
Mitsuyoshi HIROKAWA ; Yasuyuki MIYAKE ; Koshi YAMASHITA
Medical Education 1993;24(3):220-222
2.Virtual Monochromatic Image Quality from Dual-Layer Dual-Energy Computed Tomography for Detecting Brain Tumors
Shota TANOUE ; Takeshi NAKAURA ; Yasunori NAGAYAMA ; Hiroyuki UETANI ; Osamu IKEDA ; Yasuyuki YAMASHITA
Korean Journal of Radiology 2021;22(6):951-958
Objective:
To evaluate the usefulness of virtual monochromatic images (VMIs) obtained using dual-layer dual-energy CT (DL-DECT) for evaluating brain tumors.
Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study included 32 patients with brain tumors who had undergone non-contrast head CT using DL-DECT. Among them, 15 had glioblastoma (GBM), 7 had malignant lymphoma, 5 had high-grade glioma other than GBM, 3 had low-grade glioma, and 2 had metastatic tumors. Conventional polychromatic images and VMIs (40–200 keV at 10 keV intervals) were generated. We compared CT attenuation, image noise, contrast, and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between tumor and white matter (WM) or grey matter (GM) between VMIs showing the highest CNR (optimized VMI) and conventional CT images using the paired t test. Two radiologists subjectively assessed the contrast, margin, noise, artifact, and diagnostic confidence of optimized VMIs and conventional images on a 4-point scale.
Results:
The image noise of VMIs at all energy levels tested was significantly lower than that of conventional CT images (p < 0.05). The 40-keV VMIs yielded the best CNR. Furthermore, both contrast and CNR between the tumor and WM were significantly higher in the 40 keV images than in the conventional CT images (p < 0.001); however, the contrast and CNR between tumor and GM were not significantly different (p = 0.47 and p = 0.31, respectively). The subjective scores assigned to contrast, margin, and diagnostic confidence were significantly higher for 40 keV images than for conventional CT images (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
In head CT for patients with brain tumors, compared with conventional CT images, 40 keV VMIs from DL-DECT yielded superior tumor contrast and diagnostic confidence, especially for brain tumors located in the WM.
3.Virtual Monochromatic Image Quality from Dual-Layer Dual-Energy Computed Tomography for Detecting Brain Tumors
Shota TANOUE ; Takeshi NAKAURA ; Yasunori NAGAYAMA ; Hiroyuki UETANI ; Osamu IKEDA ; Yasuyuki YAMASHITA
Korean Journal of Radiology 2021;22(6):951-958
Objective:
To evaluate the usefulness of virtual monochromatic images (VMIs) obtained using dual-layer dual-energy CT (DL-DECT) for evaluating brain tumors.
Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study included 32 patients with brain tumors who had undergone non-contrast head CT using DL-DECT. Among them, 15 had glioblastoma (GBM), 7 had malignant lymphoma, 5 had high-grade glioma other than GBM, 3 had low-grade glioma, and 2 had metastatic tumors. Conventional polychromatic images and VMIs (40–200 keV at 10 keV intervals) were generated. We compared CT attenuation, image noise, contrast, and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between tumor and white matter (WM) or grey matter (GM) between VMIs showing the highest CNR (optimized VMI) and conventional CT images using the paired t test. Two radiologists subjectively assessed the contrast, margin, noise, artifact, and diagnostic confidence of optimized VMIs and conventional images on a 4-point scale.
Results:
The image noise of VMIs at all energy levels tested was significantly lower than that of conventional CT images (p < 0.05). The 40-keV VMIs yielded the best CNR. Furthermore, both contrast and CNR between the tumor and WM were significantly higher in the 40 keV images than in the conventional CT images (p < 0.001); however, the contrast and CNR between tumor and GM were not significantly different (p = 0.47 and p = 0.31, respectively). The subjective scores assigned to contrast, margin, and diagnostic confidence were significantly higher for 40 keV images than for conventional CT images (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
In head CT for patients with brain tumors, compared with conventional CT images, 40 keV VMIs from DL-DECT yielded superior tumor contrast and diagnostic confidence, especially for brain tumors located in the WM.
4.Aspergillus oryzae S-03 Produces Gingipain Inhibitors as a Virulence Factor for Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Narandalai DANSHIITSOODOL ; Hideyuki YAMASHITA ; Masafumi NODA ; Takanori KUMAGAI ; Yasuyuki MATOBA ; Masanori SUGIYAMA
Journal of Bacteriology and Virology 2014;44(2):152-161
Oral infection with Porphyromonas (P.) gingivalis causes periodontitis that is manifested by the destruction of gingival connective tissues. Although a few types of antibiotics are effective against the infection, its use induces the appearance of drug-resistant bacteria. The present study shows that the fermented product of Aspergillus (A.) oryzae S-03, cultivated on the fat-removed soybean, inhibits the cell growth of the P. gingivalis. Likewise, the fermented product of the S-03 strain cultured for 26~42 h displays an inhibitory activity to gingipain as a virulence factor of P. gingivalis. The activity is not lost even with heat treatment at 100degrees C for 15 min. We also demonstrate that the S-03 strain exhibits high protease activity. In addition, the strain does not produce aflatoxin because of the loss of a regulatory gene, aflR, necessary for the toxin biosynthesis.
Aflatoxins
;
Anti-Bacterial Agents
;
Aspergillus
;
Aspergillus oryzae*
;
Bacteria
;
Connective Tissue
;
Genes, Regulator
;
Hot Temperature
;
Oryza
;
Periodontitis
;
Porphyromonas
;
Porphyromonas gingivalis*
;
Soybeans
;
Virulence*
5.Self-expandable Metallic Stent for Obstructive Colorectal Cancer in Our Hospital: Evaluation of Short-term Benefit
Kazuki ISHIBASHI ; Akira FURUDOI ; Gentaro SHINDO ; Misa YAMASHITA ; Sonde CHO ; Michihiro NONAKA ; Yoshifumi FUJIMOTO ; Hideyuki HYOGO ; Yasuyuki AISAKA ; Hironori TOKUMO
Journal of the Japanese Association of Rural Medicine 2021;69(5):506-509
Purpose: The self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) for colorectal obstruction became covered by national health insurance in January 2012, and it has since become a standard treatment. Here we report the utility of SEMS for colorectal obstruction in our department. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 65 patients who underwent SEMS placement for colorectal obstruction in our department from May 2013 to December 2018. We examined age, sex, etiology of colorectal stenosis, purpose of stenting, and tumor location. Results: The technical success rate was 98.5% (64/65) and the clinical success rate was 93.8% (61/65). Technical failure occurred in 1 case because the guidewire could not pass the stenosis. Adverse event rates were 1.6% within 7 days and 4.7% after 7 days. Conclusion: SEMS placement had a high technical success rate and few adverse events. Clearly SEMS placement is a minimally invasive procedure that is effective for improving QOL. The safety and effectiveness of this procedure appeared to be excellent.
6.A unique leukoencephalopathy accompanied by palmoplantar pustulosis with identical pathological feature of helper T cell accumulation
Ryo Sasaki ; Yoshio Omote ; Koh Tadokoro ; Namiko Matsumoto ; Emi Nomura ; Mami Takemoto ; Nozomi Hishikawa ; Toru Yamashita ; Yasuyuki Ohta ; Koji Abe
Neurology Asia 2020;25(3):415-418
Palmoplantar pustulosis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease involving the palms and soles where
mild accumulation of helper T cells and neutrophils in the dermis histologically are observed.
Leukoencephalopathy is a brain disease affecting white matter but is rarely accompanied by skin lesion.
Here we report a unique case of leukoencephalopathy accompanied by palmoplantar pustulosis with
identical pathological feature of helper T cell accumulation in both the brain and skin, suggesting a
possible link in the pathogenesis.
7.Intracranial invasive fungal aneurysm due to Aspergillus sinusitis successfully treated by voriconazole plus internal carotid artery ligation therapy in an aged woman
Mami Takemoto ; Yasuyuki Ohta ; Koh Tadokoro ; Ryo Sasaki ; Yoshiaki Takahashi ; Kota Sato ; Toru Yamashita ; Nozomi Hishikawa ; Jingwei Shang ; Masafumi Hiramatsu ; Kenji Sugiu ; Tomohito Hishikawa ; Isao Date ; Koji Abe
Neurology Asia 2019;24(4):363-367
A fungal carotid aneurysm is an infrequently occurring infectious aneurysm that is usually treated by
antifungal therapy plus surgical debridement of the infected vessel. We herein report an extremely
rare case involving a patient with a medical history of bladder cancer treated by Bacillus Calmette–
Guérin (BCG) who developed a fungal aneurysm of the internal carotid artery and thrombosis of
the superior ophthalmic vein caused by maxillary Aspergillus sinusitis. The patient was successfully
treated by antifungal, anticoagulant, and antiplatelet drugs combined with internal carotid artery
ligation therapy. Internal carotid artery fungal aneurysm is associated with a high mortality rate, but
the present case suggests that it can be successfully treated by antifungal therapy combined with a
less invasive endovascular therapy.