Background Retinal vascular diseases is a main causing-blindness eye disease.Tenomodulin(TeM) is proved to be an inhibitor of neovascularization.But its mechanism is still below understanding.Objective The present paper is to explore the anti-angiogenic effect of TeM protein on retinal neovascularization in a mouse model of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP).Methods Sixty 7-day-old C57BL/6J mice were used in this study.Fifteen mice were exposed to(75±2)% oxygen for 5 days followed by 5 days in room air to create ROP models.Fifteen mice were raised in room air environment from birth through postnatal day 17 as normal groups.1μg TeM was intravitreally injected in lateral eyes and PBS was injected in the fellow eyes and then exposed to(75±2)% oxygen in 30 mice.Eyeballs were obtained at postnatal day 17.Retinal blood vessel patterns were visualized by fluorescein angiography.The number of neovascular nuclei breaking the inner limiting membrane(ILM) was counted with a masked approach,and the inhibitory effects of TeM on retinal neovascularization was observed.The morphology of retina was examined under the light microscope to evaluate the possible toxicity of TeM protein on retina.Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of TeM protein in retinal tissue.Results The central retinal nonperfusion area in ROP mouse was(2.94±0.55) mm~2 and that of PBS-injected mouse was(2.83±0.46) mm~2,showing a significant difference in comparison with TeM-injected mouse(0.44±0.26 mm~2)(P＜0.01).The number of endothelial cells nuclei of new blood vessels breaking through inner limiting membrane(ILM) on each retinal cross-section was(10.57±2.95) mm~2 in TeM-injected mouse,showing a significant different with that of ROP eye(44.93±6.78) mm~2 and PBS-injected eye(41.07±7.31) mm~2(P＜0.01).No obvious alteration of morphology in retinal section was found in TeM injected eye.Western blot assay showed an immunoreactive band of TeM with the molecular weight of 16000.No positive expression was detected in PBS injected eye.Conclusion TeM can effectively inhibit pathological angiogenesis in C57BL/6J mouse.This result indicates a potential role of TeM in preventing and treating ocular neovascularization.

INTRODUCTIONTo report surgical outcomes of 25-gauge transconjunctival vitrectomy combined with cataract surgery for the management of a variety of vitreoretinal diseases.

MATERIALS AND METHODSA retrospective, interventional case study was conducted. Chart review of a consecutive series of 150 eyes of 144 patients who underwent 25-gauge vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation for epiretinal membrane (n = 62), refractory macular oedema associated with retinal vascular disorders (n = 29), idiopathic macular hole (n = 21), non-clearing vitreous haemorrhage (n = 18), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (n = 11), tractional retinal detachment associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n = 7), and subretinal haemorrhage (n = 2). Main outcome measures included preand postoperative visual acuity, operating time, intraocular pressure, intra- and postoperative complications.

RESULTSThe mean follow-up period was 9.7 months (range, 6 to 26). The mean overall visual acuity improved from 20/100 preoperatively to 20/38 at final visit (P <0.001). Statistically significant improvement of visual acuity was also observed in each subgroup. Operative time was shortened in macular surgery. No intraoperative complications were noted attributable to small-gauge instruments and no cases required conversion to 20-gauge standard instrumentation. However, 12 eyes (8%) required suture placement to at least one sclerotomy site. Postoperative intraocular pressure remained stable in most cases except 18 eyes (13%) with transient hypotony during the first week after surgery. One case of retinal detachment but no case of endophthalmitis was observed throughout the follow-up period.

CONCLUSIONS25-gauge vitrectomy combined with cataract surgery is a safe and effective system for the management of a variety of vitreoretinal diseases, especially cases requiring minimal intraocular manipulation. Further study is recommended to evaluate potential postoperative complications.

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phacoemulsification ; Retinal Diseases ; complications ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Vitrectomy ; methods ; Vitreous Hemorrhage ; complications ; surgery