In 2006 there was a multiple outbreak of infectious gastroenteritis due to norovirus in health care facilities, old age nursing homes and other facilities in Hiroshima Prefecture. Also at JA Yoshida General Hospital during the period from October 3 to 17, 2006, symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea were observed in a total of 47 people including 29 in-patients in three out of six wards and 18 hospital staff members.This was reported to the public health center and an emergency meeting of the Infection Control Committee was convened. Under the guidance of the Public Health Center, the Infection Control Team (ICT) immediately had a good control over the situation, took infection preventive measures, informed patients of what had happened, and restricted hospital admissions and hospital visits. The number of new patients dropped to zero on October 17.After re-examining the gastroenteritis outbreak, the ICT reviewed the existing manual and prepared a new operation manual to cope withe future outbreaks of infectious gastroenteritis, including emergency measures to be taken, staff assignments, and improvement of the hospital environment. The ICT considers that there is a need for disseminating knowledge regarding measures against the infection and for making preparations for the future as a vanguard.
Hospitals ; Gastroenteritis ; seconds ; Infectious gastroenteritis, NOS ; Infection as complication of medical care

This is a report of the activities of the committee on medical student selection 1994-1996, particularly focused on the 15th Conference on Medical-Student Admission held 1996/8/31 with the subjects of social needs and influences upon high school education for the purpose of improving student selection system in Japan. We must consider how largely admission tests have being influenced high school students at the time of decision making, what medical schools they submit their applications to, and what ability the society or community requires physicians, for creating better system of evaluation for admission in Japan.

In this study, we investigated the effects of severe hemolysis (hemoglobin [Hb] > 500 mg/dL) in blood specimens by classifying them into non-hemolysis, hemolysis (Hb ≤ 500 mg/dL), and severe hemolysis. Investigated items were total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), total bilirubin (T-Bil), direct bilirubin (D-Bil), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), creatine kinase (CK), amylase (AMY), cholinesterase (ChE), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cre), sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), calcium (Ca), uric acid (UA), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (T-Cho), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and C-reactive protein (CRP), and actual clinical test results were used. Based on the results, we were able to classify the error relationships into three groups according to hemolysis status. Group A shows an error between non-hemolysis and hemolysis, and an even stronger error in severe hemolysis (T-Bil, AST, LD, Na, K, Ca, and UA). Group B showed no error between non-hemolysis and hemolysis, but errors in strong hemolysis (ALB, D-Bil, ALT, γ-GT, CK, AMY, TG, T-Cho, HDL-C, and LDL-C). Group C shows no errors in either hemolysis or strong hemolysis (TP, ALP, ChE, BUN, Cre, Cl, and CRP). Among these, the Group B classification was a new finding. In situations where the measurement of hemolyzed specimens is unavoidable, it is important that clinical laboratory technologists be aware of its impact and provide the results in a way that can be used in clinical practice.