No abstract available.
Teriparatide

Romosozumab is a potent pharmacological tool to prevent fractures in osteoporosis patients, and its mechanism of action is distinct from any other drugs. The efficacy of romosozumab to prevent osteoporotic fractures is remarkable. However, there remains a concern of increased cardiovascular adverse events. Further relevant investigations are essential to understand whether romosozumab is actually involved in the development of cardiovascular events or not. We need more robust evidence to establish an appropriate and reasonable guide to prescribe romosozumab in our clinical practice.

Romosozumab is a potent pharmacological tool to prevent fractures in osteoporosis patients, and its mechanism of action is distinct from any other drugs. The efficacy of romosozumab to prevent osteoporotic fractures is remarkable. However, there remains a concern of increased cardiovascular adverse events. Further relevant investigations are essential to understand whether romosozumab is actually involved in the development of cardiovascular events or not. We need more robust evidence to establish an appropriate and reasonable guide to prescribe romosozumab in our clinical practice.

The internal thoracic artery is a useful conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Recently we have developed a method for increasing blood flow by directly injecting a phosphodiesterase III (PDE III) inhibitor into the left internal thoracic artery (LITA) to inflate the artery and prevent its contraction. In the present study we compared the reactivity of the LITA to three drugs: PDE III inhibitor, papaverine hydrochloride and isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN). Forty-two patients with a mean age of 66.8±11.5 years old who were undergoing primary CABG were enrolled in this study and were randomly separated into one of three groups based on the vasodilating drug administered. Each drug was used in 14 cases. Graft free flow (GFF) and systemic blood pressure were measured before and one minute after drug administration to calculate blood vessel resistance (R). All the drugs significantly increased GFF, and reduced both R and blood pressure. A comparison of the change rate of blood pressure did not differ significantly among the three drug groups. The PDE III inhibitor significantly increased change rates of both GFF and R, compared with the other drugs. These results indicate that PDE III inhibitor is most effective for increasing the blood flow of LITA grafts for CABG.

A 53-year-old woman was admitted because of cardiac failure caused by mitral valve stenosis and regurgitation. She had been treated by an aortic valve replacement with a Björk-Shiley convexo-concave valve (21mm) 22 years previously in our institute. Her clinical symptoms and the histological findings of the lung specimen from the operation led to a diagnosis of Swyer-James syndrome. The diagnosis was confirmed by pulmonary blood flow scintigraphy on the present admission. With her informed consent, we treated her cardiac disease by mitral valve replacement and a second aortic valve replacement was carried out because of the structural brittleness of the Björk-Shiley convexo-concave valve. She was discharged from our institute after the operation without any complications.

OBJECTIVES: We compared the effectiveness of bisphosphonates combined with activated vitamin D administered for therapy of aromatase inhibitor-induced osteoporosis after a breast cancer operation and primary postmenopausal osteoporosis through propensity score matching. METHODS: Forty-eight postmenopausal patients with estrogen receptor-positive early breast cancer, who had postoperative adjuvant treatment with aromatase inhibitors and whose T-score of bone mineral density (BMD) decreased below −2.5 (AI group), and 48 patients of primary postmenopausal osteoporosis (PO group) enrolled in this retrospective observational study. They were administered monthly risedronate or minodronate, and daily alfacalcitol or eldecalcitol were combined. Their BMD (L2–4, L-BMD), serum-corrected calcium, serum phosphate, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), estimated glomerular filtration rate, urine calcium/creatinine ratio, intact-parathyroid hormone, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D were measured before treatment and until 24 months. RESULTS: L-BMD values increased with time compared with the baseline values in each group, and there was no significant difference in the groups. Percentage value of TRACP-5b decreased rapidly after 6 months and maintained low level until 24 months in both groups. Percentage value of BAP in the AI group decreased continuously until 24 months. In contrast, the percentage change in the PO group plateaued after 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that monthly oral bisphosphonate combined with activated Vitamin D is an effective therapy to increase BMD in the aromatase inhibitor-induced osteoporosis after breast cancer operation. Monitoring of kidney function and concentration of Ca in blood and urine may be necessary.
Acid Phosphatase ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Aromatase Inhibitors ; Aromatase ; Bone Density ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast ; Calcium ; Diphosphonates ; Estrogens ; Female ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Kidney ; Observational Study ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; Propensity Score ; Retrospective Studies ; Risedronate Sodium ; Vitamin D ; Vitamins

In a previous paper, we reported the efficacy of auricular acupuncture in the treatment of hypertension. In the present study, auricular acupuncture was applied to two groups of patients: those taking hypotensive drugs for a long time and those taking no drugs. The difference in the efficacy of the therapy between the two groups was investigated. The fluctuation of blood pressure, the renin activity and catecholamines concentration in the blood during a three-month period were examined.
Patients, who had essential hypertension without any obvious underlying disease, were classified into three groups according to World Health Organization's criteria as follows:
Group I. (Hypertension) exceeding systolic value of 160mmHg, or exceeding diastolic value of 95mmHg. Group II. (Boundary Zone) neither Group I nor II. Group III. (Normal) below systolic value of 140mmHg or diastolic value of 90mmHg.
A subcutaneous needle was inserted horizontally in the anterior direction at the hypotensive point in the fossa triangularis, and then left there. Once a week, the needle was changed, and the blood pressure was measured. The efficacy was evaluated two weeks later as follows: A case which moved from Group I to III was “remarkable”. A case from Group II to III or from Group I to II was “effective”. An unmoved case was “unchanged”. A case from Group II to I was “aggravated”.
Result: No drug group. The efficacy of the auricular acupuncture was noted in 84% (32%: remakable, 52%: effective) of the nineteen Group I, II patients who were taking no hypotensive drugs. Drug group. The efficacy of the auricular acupuncture was noted in 50% (21%: remarkable, 29%: effective) of the twenty-four Group I, II patients who were taking hypotensive drugs. Druing the three-month period, both systolic and diastolic pressure in all the patients in Group I and II showed a significant decrease.
The serum renin activity showed a tendency to decrease but only within the normal range. The concentration of catecholamines changed also within the normal range, though no consistent tendency was seen.

Multisite pacing has recently been available as a new treatment for patients with congestive heart failure. This study was intended to evaluate the effects of atrioventricular myocardial pacing on left or biventricular sites. Eleven patients (4 men, 7 women) who had undergone atrioventricular myocardial pacing between January 2000 and April 2002 were selected for this study. They ranged in age from 24 to 74 years (mean age 58.5 years). The diagnosis was dilated cardiomyopathy in 3 patients, ischemic cardiomyopathy in 4, complete atrioventricular heart block in 2, sick sinus syndrome in 1, and atrial fibrillation with bradycardia in 1. The method of pacemaker implantation was atrioventricular myocardial pacing on left or biventricular sites by means of mini-thoracotomy under general anesthesia. A DDD-R pacemaker was used. When biventricular pacing was employed, the ventricular pacing lead was cut, connected with a Y adapter, and implantation was made biventricularly. We analyzed pre- and postoperative hemodynamic states by means of a Swan-Ganz catheter, and clinical course (NYHA class). There was a significant difference between pre- and postoperative clinical course and hemodynamic state. The atrioventricular myocardial pacing on left or biventricular sites was a useful method of improving the clinical course and hemodynamic state. It is concluded that this method is available as a new therapeutic option in patients with congestive heart failure.

A 67-year-old woman had left lateral chest pain. CT scan and digital subtraction angiography revealed coarctation of the abdominal aorta just distal from the renal artery and a fusiform aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta with a maximum diameter of 60mm. The meandering mesenteric artery was significantly dilated as a collateral vessel from the superior mesenteric artery to the inferior mesenteric artery. Aortitis syndrome was suspected from the angiographic findings although inflammatory changes in laboratory data were not observed. She underwent aneurysmectomy followed by prosthetic graft replacement of the descending thoracic aorta under femoro-femoral bypass and an extraanatomical bypass grafting from the replaced graft to the abdominal aorta proximal to the aortic bifurcation via the retroperitoneal space. She was discharged on the 42nd day after operation without any complications and in the past year has returned to her usual daily life without any anastomotic site trouble.

No abstract available.
Asia* ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Humans ; Osteoporosis*