Objectives: We studied the effects of fish oil and sake lees combined with a high fat diet in rats, and assessed serum lipids concentrations and anxiety behavior. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 5 weeks were fed a diet containing the Soybean oil (Control), Soybean oil + Sake lees (S), Fish oil (FO) or FO + Sake lees (FO+S) for 18days. The control diet contained a soybean oil component. It was measured the concentrations of serum lipids and anxiety behavior. Results: The concentration of serum cholesterol were significantly lower in the FO+S group than in the Control group. The concentration of serum triglyceride and free fatty acids were significantly lower in the FO group and the FO+S group than in the Control group. In anxiety behavior, the stay time in the zone of open arm were significantly higher in the S group than in the Control group. Conclusion: These results suggested that the combination of fish oil and sake lees in the diet improved the concentration of total cholesterol in the serum, which should assist in the prevention and improvement of dyslipidemia. In addition, intake of sake lees is expected to be effective in suppressing anxiety behavior.