Hip surgery is often associated with moderate to severe postoperative pain due to exten-sive invasion.A safe and effective postoperative pain treatment can promote patients'recovering activities and facilitate the early functional recovery of the hip after the surgery.Although the routinely used intrave-nous self-controlled analgesia has an exquisite analgesic effect,it carries the risks of postoperative nausea and emesis,excessive sedation,intestinal paralysis,and even respiratory depression.As an alternative to transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB),lumbar quadratus block(QLB)has been gradually applied to the hip joint surgery.In this paper,we review the anatomical basis and characteristics of QLB and its clini-cal application in hip surgery,in order to provide the postoperative analgesia application of QLB.

Objective: To explore the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function in Chinese adolescents, so as to provide a reference for promoting the overall development of Chinese adolescents physical and mental health. Methods: From September to December 2022, a total of 5 018 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years from Shanghai, Suzhou, Taiyuan, Wuyuan, Xingyi, and Urumqi were selected by stratified cluster sampling method to assess cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function. Pearson s correlation and linear hierarchical regression were performed to analyze the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive functions. Results: Among the sample of adolescents, maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2max ) was negatively correlated with the refreshing(1-back, 2-back) and conversion executive function responses ( r=-0.07, -0.12, -0.12, P <0.01). Linear regression analysis showed that VO 2max was negatively correlated with the reaction times of the refreshing(1-back, 2-back) and conversion functions ( B=-2.99, -6.44, -1.69, P <0.01). Conclusions Higher cardiorespiratory fitness among adolescents is associated with better performance in executive function. Teenagers should strengthen high intensity cardiopulmonary endurance exercise to promote the improvement of executive function.

The head of the silkworm is a nerve center and a sense organ, contains antennaes and sensory hair, feels the outside signal, and responds to the external signal delivered to the brain. Juvenile hormone is mainly synthesized and secreted by corpora allata, and it needs to be played with the aid of the hormone binding protein, because the juvenile hormone binding protein is the carrier of juvenile hormone transport and plays a functional in vivo, they have an extremely important function in insects. The objective of this study is to screened and identify a novel BmTOL proteins that it has a conserved structure of the juvenile hormone binding protein family by SilkDB and NCBI database. Its coding gene number is BGIBMGA003404 (GenBank Accession No. KY681053). We also expressed the recombinant protein using the prokaryotic expression system, and then successfully purified the recombinant protein by Ni-NTA chromatography column to generate the polyclonal antibodies. The expression patterns analysis in various tissues showed that both in transcriptional and protein levels Bmtol was higher expressed in head. Furthermore, the expression level of Bmtol gene was higher in newly exuviated silkworm, and expression level of Bmtol gene was lower from at 3 days 5th instar to 7 days pupa, began to increase after the moth. Immunohistochemistry showed that BmTOL protein was localized in the cortex, antennaes and brain of the head, It may be related to the information transmission of the head, and provides an important source of information for the growth and development of silkworm.

Nuclear energy is widely used in various fields such as military, medicine, scientific research, industry and agriculture.Nuclear accident may lead to radiation damage to the bodyofpractitioners. At present, the treatment of severe bone marrow radiation sickness is still not ideal.Exosomes are small vesicles with a size of 30-130 nm secreted by living cells and carry a variety of active substances including protein, RNA, DNA, which isimportant medium of intercellular communication.The contents of exosomes can be used not only as biomarkers of radiation damage, but also for the treatment of radiation damage. This article reviewsthe research progress of the application of exosomes in radiological medicine and underlying mechanisms.

ObjectiveTo explore the diagnoses of diseases and functioning of speech fluency disorder, analyze the main assessment content, and construct framework of intervention solution based on International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11), International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHIβ-3). MethodsThe diagnoses of diseases and functioning was discussed with ICD-11 and ICF. The assessment tools were analyzed with ICF. A holistic intervention solution was constructed with ICF and ICHIβ-3. ResultsSpeech fluency disorder is classified as 6A01.1 developmental speech fluency disorder for ICD-11. The related diseases include 6A01.0 developmental speech sound disorder, 6A01.2 developmental language disorder, cerebral palsy, MA80.0 aphasia, MA80.1 dysphasia and MA80.2 dysarthria, etc. For ICF, the categories related to speech fluency disorder might be s3 structures invovled in voice and speech; b3 voice and speech functions, especially b330 fluency and rhythm of speech functions; d1 learning and applying knowledge, d3 communication, especially d330 speaking and d355 discussion, d7 interpersonal interactions and relationships, and d9 community, social and civic life. A holistic intervention solution for speech fluency disorder was developed, involving in body structure, body function, activities and participation, and environmental factors, including assessment, training and treatment, educational counseling, and psychological and social support, etc. ConclusionA framework of diagnosis, assessment and rehabilitation has been constructed for speech fluency disorder.

Objective:This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with lung adenocarcinoma and to construct a predictive model for assessing their survival.Methods:We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data sourced from the SEER database for patients aged 60 years or older who were diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma between 2013 and 2018.Cox regression analysis was employed to identify independent prognostic factors affecting the survival of elderly lung adenocarcinoma patients, leading to the development of a nomogram model.The discriminative ability and calibration of the nomogram were assessed using the C-index and calibration curve.Each patient's total risk score was calculated based on the predictive model, and patients were stratified according to the quartiles of their total risk scores.The Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test were utilized to evaluate survival differences among the identified risk groups.Results:Among 38, 852 lung adenocarcinoma patients, 17, 200 were males and 21, 652 were females.Significant differences in survival rates were observed among lung adenocarcinoma patients based on age, gender, marital status, histological grade, TNM stage, tumor size, and the presence of bone, brain, or liver metastases, as well as the type of treatment received, including surgical treatment, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy(all P<0.001).The C-index of the training model was 0.815(95% CI: 0.811-0.819), while the validation model yielded a C-index of 0.810(95% CI: 0.804-0.816).The prediction model demonstrated higher Area Under Curve(AUC)values of 0.746, 0.768, and 0.775 for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival in the modeling dataset, respectively, and 0.747, 0.770, and 0.777 in the validation dataset.Furthermore, the risk stratification model effectively distinguished patients at varying levels of risk( P<0.001). Conclusions:Age, gender, marital status, histological grade, TNM stage, tumor size, and the presence of bone, brain, and liver metastases, along with treatment modalities such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, were identified as independent prognostic factors for elderly patients with lung adenocarcinoma.The risk prediction model developed in this study effectively differentiates between patients at varying levels of risk, which holds significant implications for predicting treatment responses in elderly lung adenocarcinoma patients and advancing the practice of precision medicine.

ObjectiveTo discuss the diagnosis, assessment and rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy complicated with speech disorder based on the tools of World Health Organization Family of International Classifications (WHO-FICs). MethodsThe diagnosis of speech disorder after cerebral palsy was classified using International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11). The disorders of speech function were classified using International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). A structured speech function rehabilitation solution was developed based on the International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHIβ-3). ResultsAccording to ICD-11, cerebral palsy was classified as 08 Neurological Disorder, which was further classified as 8D20.0 Spastic Unilateral Cerebral Palsy and 8D20.1 Spastic Bilateral Cerebral Palsy (8D20.10 Spastic Quadriplegic Cerebral Palsy and 8D20.11 Spastic Bilateral Cerebral Palsy), with the speech disorders involving 6A00 Disorders of Intellectual Development, 6A01 Developmental Speech or Language Disorders, MA80 Speech Disturbances, MA81 Speech Dysfluency and MA82 Voice Disturbances. For ICF, the speech disorders mainly involved s1 structures of the nervous system, s3 structures invoved in voice and speech, b3 voice and speech functions, d1 learning and applying knowledge, and environment and individual factors; and could be further classified as b310 voice functions, b320 articulation functions, and b330 fluency and rhythm of speech functions. Based on ICHIβ-3, a rehabilitation solution was developed, involving the areas of body structure and function, activity and participation, and environmental factors. ConclusionBased on ICD-11, ICF and ICHIβ-3, a methodological system of assessment and interventions for speech disorders after cerebral palsy has been systematically constructed, including diagnosis of disease, assessment, intervention and coding of speech disorder.

Objective: To investigate the current status of professional identity among the undergraduates majoring in public affairs management and the related influence factors. Methods: A stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among the 115 undergraduates majoring in public affairs management in a medical university in Harbin, China, and the contents of the questionnaires included general status and professional identity. The t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of professional identity. In-depth interviews were conducted for some students to explore the profound influencing factors for professional identity among the students majoring in public affairs management. Results: The overall level of professional identity was low among the undergraduates majoring in public affairs management in the medical university in Harbin, and the score of professional identity was 3.25±0.56. The scores of cognitive dimension, emotional dimension, behavioral dimension, and applicable dimension were 3.41±0.69, 3.21±0.78, 3.24±0.71, and 3.13±0.72, respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that grade, academic performance, major selection, and children number in family had significant influence on their professional identity. The students who were at grade four, who had high academic record (b=-0.276, P<0.01), who chose this major independently (b=-0.277, P<0.01), and who were the only child (b=-0.233, P<0.05) had a high score of professional identity. As for the undergraduates at different grades, the undergraduates at grades two and three had a significantly lower score of professional identity than those at grade four (b=-0.296 and -0.369, P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between the undergraduates at grades one and four (b=-0.008, P>0.05). Furthermore, the students with a high score of professional identity had higher possibility to pursue the job related to this major than those with a low score (3.39±0.53 vs. 2.92±0.49, t=4.414, P<0.01). Conclusion Universities should strengthen the publicity of the major of public affairs management, optimize the curriculum, and add job experience, so as to enhance professional identity among students with this major and provide talent for the field of public health management.

Objective To investigate the long-term efficacy of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) with portal hypertension. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 102 patients who received TIPS in Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School from January 2015 to August 2021, and these patients were divided into PBC group with 41 patients and viral hepatitis cirrhosis group with 81 patients. Related indicators were collected, including routine blood test results, liver and renal function, coagulation function, portal vein thrombosis, hepatic encephalopathy, and etiology of TIPS treatment shortly after admission, preoperative portal venous pressure, and stents used in surgery, and Child-Pugh score was calculated. Follow-up data were collected and analyzed, including postoperative upper gastrointestinal rebleeding, stent dysfunction, hepatic encephalopathy, and the data on survival and prognosis. The independent samples t -test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data with skewed distribution between two groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and the log-rank test was used for survival difference analysis. Results In the PBC group and the viral hepatitis cirrhosis group, the median percentage of reduction in portal venous pressure after surgery was 33.00% and 35.00%, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P > 0.05). At the end of follow-up, there were no significant differences between the PBC group and the viral hepatitis cirrhosis group in stent dysfunction rate (14.63% vs 24.69%, χ 2 =1.642, P > 0.05), upper gastrointestinal rebleeding rate (17.07% vs 24.69%, χ 2 =0.917, P > 0.05), the incidence rate of overt hepatic encephalopathy (12.20% vs 7.41%, χ 2 =0.289, P > 0.05), and disease-specific death rate (14.63% vs 9.88%, χ 2 =0.229, P > 0.05). Conclusion For PBC patients with portal hypertension, TIPS can achieve the same efficacy as the treatment of portal hypertension caused by viral hepatitis cirrhosis and can also effectively reduce portal hypertension without increasing the incidence rate of complications and disease-specific death rate. Therefore, it is a safe and effective treatment method.