Objective To investigate the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms in women in a community in Fuzhou. Methods We designed a patient-completed questionnaire according to Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (BFLUTS) questionnaire.A few parts of the questionnaire were adjusted based on living habits and social backgrounds in our country.The health care workers distributed and collected the questionnaires and instructed the women to fill in them one by one. Results A total of 6066 questionnaires were distributed and 5587 were collected. Of the responders 4745 women were more than 18 years. The prevalence of stress incontinence, urgency incontinence,urgency,frequency and nocturia were 9.0% (425/4745),2.4% (113/4745),10.3% (489/4745),1.5% (72/4745) and 9.8% (446/4745),respectively.The prevalence of storage symptoms increased with age,showing a 20.5%(104/507) in 18~27 years’ group,19.1% (332/1740) in 28~37,22.5%(338/1503) in 38~47,32.2%(202/628) in 48~57,41.2%(61/148) in 58~64,58.0% (127/219) in ≥65 years’ group. The overall prevalence was 24.5%.The prevalence of delayed urinary,intermittent stream,increased abdominal urination, incomplete emptying and voiding pain were 7.0%(330 cases),4.1%(194),4.6% (217),4.9% (233) and 4.8%(229),respectively.The prevalence of general voiding dysfunction increased with age,showing a 13.0% (66/507) in 18~27 years’ group,9.3% (162/1740) in 28~37,10.7%(161/1503) in 38~47,13.2%(83/628) in 48~57,16.2% (24/148) in 58~64 and 26.9%(59/219) in ≥65 years’ group.The overall prevalence was 11.7%. Conclusions The prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms are high in community-dwelling women,and the prevalence of storage symptoms are more common than that of voiding dysfunction in these women.

Objective To understand the incidence trend of ventilator -associated pneumonia(VAP)in ICU and to evaluate the effects of the interventions on the incidence of VAP,so as to provide scientific evidences for the prevention of VAP.Methods A study of 149 patients with VAP occurred in the 3 710 patients of ICU before and after intervention during 7 /2010 -12 /2014 in Wujin People's Hospital,Changzhou city was conducted.It was divided into two stages:baseline survey and stem expectations,VAP interventions included:training and education,chlorhexidine oral care and maintain appropriate endotracheal tube cuff pressure,elevated head of bed to up to 30°and improved hand hygiene.Hospital infection control professionals collected the number of patients,basic information,length of hospital stay,days of receiving mechanical ventilation and the VAP incidence data in ICU.And then change of the VAP incidence of the intervention before and after the intervention was compared and evaluation of the effect of combined intervention measures.Results Prospective data from 3 710 patients hospitalized in ICU were collected for an aggregate of 14 831 days,the utilization rate of ventilator was 55.2%.The occurrence of VAP was 149 cases.The average rate of VAP was 18.2 cases per 1 000 ventilator -day.VAP was associated with a crude mortality of 7.56%and with increased ICU LOS of 13.2d.As the results of the interventions,the rate of VAP was decreased from 52.38 /1 000 during 7 /2010 -6 /2011 to 5.71 /1 000 during 1 /2014 -12 /2014.Conclusion The rate of VAP in the inves-tigated ICU has led to a decreased incidence of VAP under the comprehensive interventions.

AIMTo evaluate the influence of serum UA level and ren al function of hyperuricemic rats administrated Hus. METHODSHype ruricemia and uric acid nephropathy in rats were induced by adenine ig feeding f eeds containing 10% yeast Drug therapy was given Simultaneously. After 18 d, blo od of rats was drawn from the hearts. Total protein, albumin(A), A/G ratio, uric acid(UA), creatinine(Cr), urea nitrogen(BUN), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and Cholesterol of serum were detected by automatic biochemis try analyzer. Ultrastructural alteration and UA crystal were observed. R ESULTSSerum UA, Cr, BUN of Hus groups and All group were significantly r educed compared with model group(P

Objective The hsa-miR-106b-25 gene cluster is involved in various biological processes of carcinoma .This study aims at a prediction and function analysis of the hsa-miR-106b-25 gene cluster, miR-106b, miR-93, and miR-25, so as to provide some evidence for further studies on the functions of the three miRNAs and the mechanisms of their interaction . Methods We obtained the sequences of miR-106b, miR-93, and miR-25 from the miRBase, predicted their target genes with TargetScan , PicTar, and miRanda, and used 3 or more experimentally verified target genes from the miRTarbase as the gene set for further bioinformatic analysis .We predic-ted the biological processes of the target genes by GeneOntology analysis and enriched KEGG ( Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) by pathway analysis, produced protein-protein interaction ( PPI) networks with STRING . Results The target genes of the miR-106b-25 gene cluster were significantly enriched in such biological processes as the regulation of macromolecule metabolism , regulation of metabolic process , and cell cycle process , while the KEGG pathway mainly in glioma, melanoma, prostate cancer , and gallbladder carcino-ma.The proteins encoded by the targeted genes of showed complicated interactions , and those encoded by the KAT2B, PTEN, TP53, CDH1, MDM2, E2F1, RB1, and SMAD7 plaid a core role in the interac-tion network. Conc lusoi n MiRNAs of the miR-106b-25 gene cluster regulate the downstream target proteins involved in tumorigenesis by participating in the cell cycle and cancer signaling pathway .

Objective To synthetically evaluate the relationship between miR-31 and the prognosis of carcinoma and to investi-gate its related mechanism.Methods The correlative literatures of tumor prognosis were retrieved from the electronic databases PubMed,EMBASE and ISI Web of Science.The pooled hazard ratios (HRs)and 95% confidence interval(95%CI )were extracted. The prognostic data were performed the synthesis analysis.Results A total of 7 trials conformed to the inclusion criteria including accumulated 2 012 cases of carcinoma.Meta-analysis revealed that the decrease of miR-31 expression in the tumor patients had the poor prognosis (HR=0.784,95%CI :0.630-0.974);in the subgroup analysis,the synthesis results adopting the multivariable a-nalysis and China subjects were 3.512 (95%CI :1.797-6.865)and 1.574 (95%CI :1.062-2.333),which indicating that the in-crease of miR-31 expression predicted the poor prognosis;miR-31 had no statistical significance in the digestive system (P >0.05). Conclusion The prognostic role of miR-31 may possess the histological and regional specificity and has the potential as a novel marker.

This paper discussed the interference and noise of medical electronic device and their generation, hazard, depression and application, of which some ones are pointed out for the first time.

Objective To probe the influence of electron beam radiotherapy in different manners using different tissue equivalent boluses on skin and lung.Methods Adult female cavia cobayas were randomly divided into four groups as control group,fuU-time with bolus group,half-time with bolus group and without bolus group.Acute-irradiation animal models were established using electron beam in different manners with or without 0.5 cm tissue equivalent bolus.Pathological changes in lung,hair vesicle and fibroblast cell count were analyzed 40 clays after irradiation.Results The radiation dermatitis in the group with bolus was slighter than that of the group without bolus,but the radiation pneumonia was reverse.With bolus,the radiation dermatitis of haft-time group was slighter than that of full-time group.The injury repair of half-time group was more active than full-time group.Conclusions The treatment of haft-time bolus could protect lung without serious skin complications.

AIM:To study lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated secretion of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and adrenomedullin (Adm) from human vascular endothelial cells (HVEC) and its mechanism. METHODS:In cultured HVEC, LPS was used to stimulate ET-1 and Adm secretion from HVEC. The contents of ET-1 and Adm in medium were determined by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:LPS stimulated secretion of ET-1 and Adm from HVEC in time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner. The ratio of secreted ET-1 to Adm was not changed compared with the control group. The increase of ET-1 could be inhibited by inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (PD098059) and inhibitor of P38 kinase (SB202190)（P＜0.01）, while the increase of Adm could only be inhibited by SB202190（P＜0.05）, both had no response to inhibitor of protein kinase C (H7), inhibitor of calmodulin (W7), inhibitor of calcineurin (cyclosporin A) and inhibitor of Ca2+ (nicardipine)（P＞0.05）.CONCLUSION:ERKs and P38 signal pathways may play an important role in the secretion of ET-1 from LPS -stimulated HVEC, while only P38 kinase signal pathway is invovled in the secretion of Adm.

This study aimed to design a pair of primers for amplifying internal transcribed spacer 2 region which was used to identify Gastrodia elata through optimizing of DNA extraction and PCR amplification process. Two sequences are used for research object by amplification of universal primers. Design three pairs of specific primers by Primer Premier 5.0 and select the highest specificity through the study of 22 samples. The results showed that identification efficiency of the primer named TM2F-2R is as high as 90.9% when Annealing Temperature is equal to 54 degrees Celsius. Therefore, TM2F-2R can be used as primers ITS2 sequences of G. elata, this article provides a set of accu-rate and stable identification methods for G. elata in the molecular identification.

Background and purpose:Ovarian cancer-associated ifbroblasts (CAF) are known to promote epithelial malignancy. The chemoattractant cytokine growth-regulated oncogene alpha (Gro-α) secreted from CAF has been reported to mediate the stroma-epithelia interaction in tumor microenvironment, leading to the development of epithelial ovarian cancer, however, the detailed mechanism is unknown.This study was to determine whether Gro-αcould promote ovarian tumorigenesis through activating NF-кB nuclear translocation and VEGF expression in stromal ifbroblasts. Methods:ELISA was used to measure the levels of Gro-αin two cancer-associated ifbroblasts (CAF) and normal ifbroblasts (NF) isolated from high-grade serous ovarian cancer or normal ovarian tissues. CAF conditioned medium (CM) or Gro-αwas used to treat NF, while PS1145, the inhibitor of NF-кB, was used as control. NF-кB subunit p65 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected by Western blot in cells after treatment. Xenograft tumors from nude mice were generated by injection of CAF, NF, or OVCA429 alone or OVCA429 mixed with CAF or NF, and by injection of OVCA429 mixed with NF cells that were treated with or without CAF-CM or Gro-α, or with NF cells that were treated with CAF-CM or Gro-αplus PS1145. The tumor growth curve was measured and the blood vessel density in xenograft tumor tissues was examined by histopathological analysis. Results:The levels of Gro-αwere 5-6 folds higher in CAF than in NF. Treatment of NF with CAF-CM or Gro-αstimulated the nuclear translocation of NF-кB subunit p65, and the expression of VEGF, but suppressed the expression of thrombospondin 1, the anti-angiogenesis factor, compared with control cells. However, treatment of NF with the NF-кB inhibitor PS1145 reversed these results. The animal assay revealed that CAF stimulated tumor growth stronger than NF, and NF treated with CAF-CM or Gro-α, but not along with PS1145, enhanced xenograft tumor growth through promoting angiogenesis. Conclusion:Ovarian CAF promotes the nuclear translocation of NF-кB and the expression of VEGF through Gro-αautocrine in tumor microenvironment to facilitate angiogenesis and ovarian cancer development.