Objective To probe the influence of electron beam radiotherapy in different manners using different tissue equivalent boluses on skin and lung.Methods Adult female cavia cobayas were randomly divided into four groups as control group,fuU-time with bolus group,half-time with bolus group and without bolus group.Acute-irradiation animal models were established using electron beam in different manners with or without 0.5 cm tissue equivalent bolus.Pathological changes in lung,hair vesicle and fibroblast cell count were analyzed 40 clays after irradiation.Results The radiation dermatitis in the group with bolus was slighter than that of the group without bolus,but the radiation pneumonia was reverse.With bolus,the radiation dermatitis of haft-time group was slighter than that of full-time group.The injury repair of half-time group was more active than full-time group.Conclusions The treatment of haft-time bolus could protect lung without serious skin complications.

ObjectiveTo measure the perfusion parameters of liver fibrosis of dog model with 64-slice spiral CT,and compare with positive control to reflect the degree of liver fibrosis,and analyze the correlation with VEGF values.Methods Liver fibrosis was induced in dogs by intraperitoneal injection of CC14 and high fat diet.CT perfusion scan and liver biopsies were performed.The perfusion parameters were measured according to the liver fibrosis models,and the correlation with VEGF values was analyzed.ResultsThe animals in experimental group were successfully induced different degree of liver fibrosis.In normal group,the hepatic artery perfusion,portal vein perfusion and total hepatic blood flow were (28.25 ±2.19)ml/(min · 100 g),(53.53 ± 10.71)ml/(min · 100 g) and (81.78 ± 18.56) ml/(min · 100 g).The PVP and TLP values of the liver fibrosis models of 0 - 4 stages declined gradually,and it had statistical significance,while the HAP values increased.The PVP and TLP values were positive correlated with fibrosis stage.The VEGF values of the pathological models of 0 - 4 stages ascended significantly.Conclusions The dog liver fibrosis models that are similar to human hepatic fibrosis have been successfully induced by low dose CC14 and high fat diet.CT perfusion can be used to monitor the tendency of the hemodynamic in different degree of fibrosis.VEGF may play an important role during liver fibrogenesis.

Objective:To explore the key factors affecting the formulation of treatment and prognosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma.Methods:Patient data, clinical characteristics and the results of follow-up of typical cases of 23 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma admitted to Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital Breast and Thyroid Surgery from Apr. 2007 to Mar. 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The therapeutic schedule and prognosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma were discussed in combination with ATA guidelines and others.Results:Of the 23 patients with MTC, 22 (95.65%) had elevated serum calcitonin, 15 (65.22%) had elevated carcinoembryonic antigen, 3 (13.04%) had suspected abnormal lymph nodes, and 2 (8.70%) had capsule invasion. Thyroid lobectomy, thyroid lobectomy with lateral lymph node dissection in level VI, total thyroidectomy, total thyroidectomy with lateral lymph node dissection in level VI, total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection in level VI, total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection in level VI with lymph node dissection in level I, II, III, IV, V or VII were performed in 1, 2, 3, 1, 13, 3 cases respectively. 8 cases had postoperative recurrence (34.78%) , of which 7 cases were caused by the first operation. The level of Ctn increased significantly in 2 cases before operation, who underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection in level VI, and no recurrence was found after operation.Conclusions:The key to the biological cure of medullary thyroid carcinoma is standardized surgical treatment. The surgery method cannot be determined simply by calcitonin. The modern treatment of medullary thyroid carcinoma needs to follow the principle of standardization and individualization at the same time.

Objective To study the ages at natural menopause of the women in Jilin Province, and to illustrate its influencing factors among the women in Jilin Province.Methods Through multistage stratified cluster random sampling method,23 050 people aged from 18 to 79 years were drew from nine states(a total of 32 areas)of Jilin province.The data of these residents were collected with the questionnaire and physical examinations by face-to-face interview.The number of selected female sample was 11 098. Finally, 4 881 postmenopausal women were selected.Complex weighted computation was used to estimate the ages at natural menopause.One-way ANOVA was used to compare the ages at natural menopause of the women with different birth years. Multiple linear regression analysis were used to examine the influencing factors of the ages at natural menopause. Results The mean and median ages at natural menopause were (49.11±4.19)years and 50.00 years,respectively.There were 4 881 cases of postmenopausal women,among them the women with age at natural menopause<40 years,40 year≤age at natural menopause≤45 years,46 years≤ age at natural menopause≤53 years,age at natural menopause≥54 years and age at natural menopause missing accounted for 2.27%(111 cases),13.17%(643 cases),71.97%(3 513 cases),11.74% (573 cases),and 0.85%(41 cases),respectively.Converted to birth years by age,70-79 years old was 1933-1942 birth years,60-69 years old was 1943-1952 birth years and 57-59 years old was 1953-1955 birth years.The age at natural menopause in Jilin province was statistically significant among the women with different birth years(F=21.178,P<0.001).By SNK-q test among three different birth year groups, the age at natural menopause was different between any two groups among three different birth year groups and the ages at natural menopause of 1953-1955 birth year group,1943-1952 birth year group and 1943-1952 birth year group were 50.38 years,49.51 years and 48.81 years.The age at natural menopause in urban of Jilin province was statistically significant among the women with different birth years(F=16.633,P<0.001).By SNK-q test among three different birth year groups,the age at natural menopause was different between any two groups among three different birth year groups and the ages at natural menopause of 1953-1955 birth year group,1943-1952 birth year group and 1943-1952 birth year group were 50.77 years,49.73 years,and 48.85 years,respectively.The age at natural menopause in rural of Jilin province was statistically significant among the women with different birth years(F=7.400,P=0.001 ). By SNK-q test among three different birth year groups, the age at natural menopause was different between 1953-1955 birth year group and the other two groups and the ages at natural menopause of 1953-1955 birth year group,1943-1952 birth year group and 1943-1952 birth year group were 50.09 years,49.33 years,and 48.74 years,respectively.The multiple linear regression results indicated that BMI and exercise were positively correlated with the age at natural menopause,but smoking and mental health evaluation were negatively.Consumption frequency of vegetables,fruits,bean products,and meat was no correlated with the age at natural menopause.Conclusion The differences of the ages at natural menopause between the women with different birth years are statistically significant in Jilin Province;BMI, smoking, exercise,and mental health are the influencing factors of the age at natural menopause.

Objective To provide valid data and useful genetic counseling in the clinical application of non‐invasive prenatal test (NIPT) ,fetal chromosomal disorder were screened by massive parallel sequencing and made a follow‐up study .Methods Preg‐nant women with Down screening in high‐risk were screened by NIPT ;NIPT verified high‐risk individuals were suggested for kary‐otyping ;and we follow up on whoever showed low risk by NIPT before and after their deliveries .Results (1)Totally 1 676 cases of pregnant women were tested by NIPT ,25 cases prompted to be abnormal ,with an abnormal rate of 1 .49% ,karyotype analysis re‐sults in 12 cases of abnormalit ,the accuracies of NIPT for T21 ,T18 ,XO ,XXY ,and XYY were 99 .93% ,100 .00% ,99 .66% , 100 .00% ,100 .00% respectively ;the accuracy of NIPT for women with advanced paternal age and twins were both 100 .00% ;kary‐otyping positive individuals underwent abortion ,which gives a prenatal intervention rate of 100 .00% .(2)Out of 1 651 cases of NIPT low risk testers ,1 468 cases were successfully followed up ,with a 88 .91% success rate .We found chromosome abnormality with one case of inversion of chromosome 9 (maternal) .(3)Ultrasound‐detection possessed 98 .17% accuracy and 7 .69% in detec‐tion rate;in high‐risk pregnant woman ,Down screening had an accuracy of 0 .88% and false positive rate of 99 .12% ;98 .71%women were avoided prenatal diagnosis via NIPT .Conclusion Compare to ultrasound and maternal plasma screening ,NIPT is a far more accurate prenatal screening approach .To build effective follow‐up and service systems of NIPT is necessary to reduce birth de‐fects in medical institutions .

AIM: To evaluate the safety and tolerance of ibandronate in Chinese healthy volunteers. METHODS: The trial protocol was designed according to the Good Clinical Practice(GCP). After physical examination and laboratory tests were performed, 36 healthy volunteers were divided randomly into 6 dose groups, including 1 mg , 2 mg , 3 mg , 4 mg , 5 mg and 6 mg , with 6 subjects in each group(3 male and 3 female). Clinical symptoms, vital signs, routine blood tests, routine urine tests, hepatic function, renal function, blood electrolytes, electrocardiogram, and electroencephalogram were observed or examined before and after a single intravenous infusion of ibandronate. RESULTS: After single intravenous infusion doses of 1- 6 mg , the vital signs, clinical symptoms and laboratory tests were all in the normal range, but there were some slight ADRs concerned with the drug, such as hypophosphataemia, increased body temperature, perspiring,pain of bone or muscle and hypocalcaemia. But the ADRs were found vanishing in one or two weeks. CONCLUSION: Single intravenous infusion (up to 6 mg ) of domestic ibandronate in 36 chinese healthy volunteers is safe and tolerable.

Objective:Based on the analysis of case report and case series studies involving COVID-19 pregnant women in China, we aimed to discuss the updated management requirements for publication of scientific papers at hospitals in the new circumstances and context.Methods:The case report and case series studies published by domestic scholars in the early stage of COVID-19 outbreak were retrieved. Bibliometrics were used to analyze the research time, research content and research objects of the included literatures.Results:Nearly 200 cases (55%) of the 360 cases of COVID-19 pregnant women could not be clearly excluded from the possibility of repeated reporting. However, all these cases were not disclosed in the paper for possible repeated report.Conclusions:Potential repeated report problem may cause trouble for later meta-analysis, which also may have negative impact for the development of clinical guidelines. The departments of scientific research management at hospital should pay more attention to the management of patient′s data in scientific papers, so that it can better serve the accurate assessment of disease characteristics and epidemic situation, as well as the scientific formulation of clinical guidelines and control strategies.

Objective Ethical review is an important safeguard for the development of human subject research.The post approval review during the research process is particularly vital because it is the core method in the ethical review to protect participants' safety and right.In this article,current problems about post approval review were analyzed deeply to explore how to improve the mechanism of post approval review from the combination of management and technical aspect,particularly for the plan of not-for-cause visit.Methods According to the work experiences,literature review,identifying problems,to explore the collaboration to strengthen post approval review with experts,pharmacological institutions and scientific research management department.Results There are more and more frequent ethical issues during the implementation process,besides continuing strengthen the passive continuing review,continuing review guidelines and more detailed active continuing review screening and implementation mechanism should be developed.Conclusions It will prevent the occurrence of injury through establishing more optimal post approval review mechanism and a forehand active prevention strategy,which play an important role in the ethical review of human subject research.

Objective Discussing the approach to design and implementation of ethical review information management system in clinical research involving human subject.Methods Systematic design and implementation based on ICH GCP,Chinese GCP,Ethical review of biomedical research involving human subjects,Standard Operating Procedure compliant with Asia Pacific SIDCER certification standards,as well as the working experiences of author group.Results According to the specific working procedures in Beijing e-plugger Support Technology Co.Lyd,We implement ethical management system with real-time online interactive work model among investigators,ethical committee secretariat and ethical reviewers,which is prepared for further system optimization and upgrade.Conclusions The application of ethical review information management system make the ethical management work more reliable,efficient,and also improve the quality of ethical review,which helps a lot in safeguarding the development of medical science.

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of RIZ 1 and its association with clinicopathological factors or radiosensitivity in cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Methods 159 samples from patients with FIGO stage Ⅱb and Ⅲa cervical squamous cell carcinoma were collected and preserved be-fore radiotherapy.The expression of RIZ1 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissues and 20 normal cervical tis-sues was assessed by immunohistochemistry.The relationship between the RIZ1 expression and the clinicopatho-logical factors or radiosensitivity in cervical squamous cell carcinoma was analyzed by statistical analysis.Results The expression of RIZ1 protein was down-regulated in patients with cervical cancer(P<0.001).The level of RIZ1 protein expression was close related to radiosensitivity(P=0.012),FIGO staging(P=0.004),deep myo-metrial invasion(P=0.026),and pelvic lymph node metastasis(P=0.005).Logistic regression analysis showed that the high expression of RIZ1protein was an independent predictor of radiosensitivity in cervical cancer(P=0.045).Conc lusion RIZ1 may be involved in the occurrence and development process of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and regard as a candidate biomarker for the sensitivity in cervical squamous cell carcinoma in ra-diotherapy.