Objective To observe the effects of reinforced trunk and pelvis control training on the motor function of stroke patients. Methods Sixty-two stroke patients were randomly divided into a therapy group and a control group with 31 cases in each group. All were treated with routine medication and regular rehabilitation training.The patients in the therapy group also received trunk and pelvis control training. The Fugl-Meyer assessment scale (FMA) , Barthel index (BI) and functional ambulation categories (FAGs) were used to assess the motor function of the patients before and after treatment. Results After 2 months of treatment there were significant improvements in FMA, BI, FAC and gait in both groups, but the average walking ability in the therapy group was significantly better than that in the control group. Conclusions Reinforced control training of the trunk and pelvis combined with routine rehabilitation improves motor function in hemiplegic stroke patients significantly better than standard rehabilitation alone.

Objective: To establish the method of determination of the content of Berberine hydrochloride and Palmatine hydrochloride in Wuji Pills. Methods: Ultrasonic extraction, HPLC was used to determine Berberine hydrochloride and Palmatine hydrochloride in Wuji Pills on C 18 Column, using 0.033mol/L KH 2PO 4 CH 3CN(90∶40) as mobile phase, with detection at 265nm. Results: The linearity of this method was well. The average recoveries were 99.07% for Berberine hydrochloride and 98.59% for Palmatine hydrochloride. RSD were 1.3% and 1.7%, respectively. Conclusion: This method shows good separating degree and can be used for quality control of Wuji Pills.

Objective To supply a scientific basis for standardizing the normal reference value of forced vital capacity (FVC) of Chinese younger women. Methods We studied the relationship between the normal reference value of 21767 samples of FVC of younger women and eight geographical factors in 157 areas in China. Results It was found that the correlation between geographical factors and the normal reference value of FVC of younger women was quite significant (F=5.884, P=0.000). By adopting the method of mathematical regression analysis, one regression equation was inferred: =3.146+0.00006919X1+0.01315X4-0.006966X6+0.09524X8±0.254. In the above equation, is the normal reference value of younger women' FVC (L); X1 is the altitude (m); X4 is the annual mean air temperature (℃); X6 is the annual mean relative humidity (%); X8 is the annual mean wind speed (m/s); 0.254 is the value of the residual standard deviation. Conclusion If geographical values are obtained in a certain area, the normal reference value of FVC of younger women in this area can be obtained by using the regression equation. Furthermore, according to the geographical factors, China can be divided into eight regions: Northeast China Region, North China Region, Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia Region, middle and lower reaches of the Yangzte River Region, Southeast China Region, Northwest China Region, Southwest China Region, and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Region.

Cardiovascular System ; drug effects ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons, Brominated ; toxicity ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of high glucose on the expressions of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and proinflammatory cytokine production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in hepatic stellate cells in vitro.

METHODSHepatic stellate cell line T6 was cultured in vitro and stimulated by high glucose. The mRNA and protein expression of TLR4 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. After a 24-h pretreatment with high or low glucose, the cells were stimulated with LPS for 2 h, and Western blotting was used to detect the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB); at 24 h of LPS exposure, the cells were examined for MCP-1 and IL-6 mRNA and protein expression levels with RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively.

RESULTSHigh glucose significantly increased the mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4 (P<0.01) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. High glucose promoted NF-κB nuclear translocation and significantly enhanced the expression and secretion of both MCP-1 and IL-6 (P<0.01). Pretreatment with high glucose significantly promoted LPS-induced NF-κB nuclear translocation (P<0.01) and the mRNA expression and secretion of MCP-1 and IL-6.

CONCLUSIONSHigh glucose can increase TLR4 mRNA and protein expressions in hepatic stellate cells and promote LPS-induced NF-κB activation and production of proinflammatory cytokines.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemokine CCL2 ; metabolism ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; metabolism ; Hyperglycemia ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; adverse effects ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of esketamine for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) in elderly patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer.Methods:Ninety elderly female patients, aged 65-78 yr, weighing 46-75 kg, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ, undergoing elective modified radical surgery for breast cancer under general anesthesia, were divided into 2 groups ( n=45 each) using a random number table method: esketamine PCIA group (group E) and sufentanil PCIA group (group S). Anesthesia was induced with target-controlled infusion of propofol, intravenous atracurium besylate and sufentanil and maintained with target-controlled infusion of propofol and remifentanil and intermittent intravenous boluses of cis-benzenesulfonic acid atracurium.The patients were connected to an analgesic pump for PCIA at 10 min before completion of operation.The PCIA solution in group E contained esketamine 2 mg/kg, ketorolac tromethamine 90 mg and tropisetron 5 mg in 100 ml of normal saline.The PCIA solution in group S contained sufentanil 1 μg/kg, ketorolac tromethamine 90 mg and tropisetron 5 mg in 100 ml of normal saline.The PCA pump was set up with a 1.5 ml bolus dose, a 15 min lockout interval and background infusion at a rate of 1.5 ml/h, and the analgesia was performed until 48 h after operation.When numeric rating scale score ≥ 4 points and the efficacy of patient-controlled analgesia was not good, tramadol 100 mg was intravenously injected for rescue analgesia.Steward recovery scores were recorded at 4, 8, 24 and 48 h after operation.The requirement for rescue analgesia, effective pressing times of analgesic pump and time to first flatus were recorded within 48 h after operation.The nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, dizziness and pruritus within 48 h after operation and delirium within 7 days after operation were recorded.The 40-item Quality of-Recovery scale was used to evaluate the early postoperative recovery of patients at 24 and 48 h after operation. Results:Compared with group S, the 40-item Quality of Recovery scale score was significantly increased at each time point, postoperative time to first flatus was shortened, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and pruritus was decreased ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the Steward recovery score at each time point after operation, effective pressing times of PCA and requirement for rescue analgesia in group E ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Esketamine provides better efficacy than sufentanil when used for PCIA in elderly patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer.

Objective To evaluate the surgical complications and root vascular lymph node dissection by high versus low ligation the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) retaining left colonic artery (LCA) in laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer.Methods Clinical data of 357 cases of rectal cancer in our center from Jan 2015 to Dec 2016,were retrospectively analyzed,including 247 cases in high ligation group,110 cases of low ligation group.Results There was no statistically significant difference in operative time and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups [(105 ± 10)min vs.(113 ±9)min,t =0.138,P =0.092;(96 ± 21) ml vs.(99 ± 23) ml,t =0.171,P =0.118].Nor that in the incidence of anastomotic leakage between the two groups (7.3％ vs.4.5％,x2 =0.949,P =0.330).The incidence of low anterior resection syndrome in the two groups was statistically significant (21％ vs.12％,x2 =4.358,P =0.037).There was no significant difference in the total number of lymph nodes dissected between the two groups ([(14.5±4.3) vs.(13.6±3.5),t=1.851,P=0.065].Conclusion Low ligation of IMA with preservation of LCA in laparoscopic radical operation for rectal cancer provides better blood supply for proximal colon,while achieving same radical clearance of lymph nodes as with high ligation of IMA.

Objective:To evaluate the optimized efficacy of thoracic paravertebral nerve block and subcostal transversus abdominis plane block combined with general anesthesia for elderly patients undergoing thoracic combined with laparoscopic radical resection of esophageal cancer.Methods:Eighty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ orⅡ patients of both sexes, aged 66-78 yr, weighing 46-80 kg, undergoing elective thoracoscopic combined with laparoscopic radical resection of esophageal cancer, were divided into 2 groups ( n=40 each) using a random number table method: general anesthesia group (group G) and thoracic paravertebral nerve block and subcostal transversus abdominis plane block combined with general anesthesia group (TSG group). Both groups received target-controlled infusion of propofol and remifentanil and intravenous injection of cisatracurium besilate for anesthesia induction and maintenance, with BIS value maintained at 45-60 during operation.Thoracic paravertebral nerve block on the affected side was performed under ultrasound guidance after the end of anesthesia induction, and 0.5% ropivacaine 15 ml was injected in TSG group.The patients were turned to the supine position after the thoracic operation was completed, and the bilateral subcostal approach to the transversus abdominis plane block was performed under ultrasound guidance, and 0.3% ropivacaine 20 ml was injected into each side.Sufentanil was used for patient-controlled intravenous anesthesia (PCIA) after operation.The background infusion rate was 0.05 μg·kg -1·h -1, PCA was 0.04 μg/kg, and the lockout interval was 10 min in group G. The background infusion rate was 0.03 μg·kg -1·h -1, PCA was 0.025 μg/kg, the lockout interval was 10 min in group TSG.Both groups received analgesia until 48 h after operation, and VAS score was maintained ≤3.When VAS score ≥ 4, tramadol 100 mg was intravenously injected for rescue analgesia.At 1 day before operation (T 0), immediately before anesthesia induction (T 1), at 1 h after emergence from anesthesia (T 2), and 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h after operation (T 3-7), venous blood samples were collected for determination of serum norepinephrine, epinephrine and cortisol concentrations (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). The intraoperative consumption of remifentanil and occurrence of cardiovascular events were recorded.The pressing times of PCA, consumption of sufentanil and requirement for rescue analgesia within 48 h after operation were recorded.The occurrence of nerve block-related complications (hematoma at the puncture site, infection, local anesthetic poisoning, etc.) and adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression and pruritus were recorded within 48 h after the operation. Results:Compared with group G, the concentrations of serum epinephrine, norepinephrine and cortisol were significantly decreased, the consumption of intraoperative remifentanil and postoperative sufentanil and pressing times of PCA were reduced, the rate of rescue analgesia was decreased, scores of satisfaction with analgesia were increased, and the incidence of intraoperative cardiovascular events and postoperative adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting, pruritus and respiratory depression were decreased in group TSG ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Thoracic paravertebral nerve block and subcostal transversus abdominis plane block combined with general anesthesia can reduce the perioperative consumption of opioids and inhibit perioperative stress responses and postoperative hyperalgesia with fewer adverse reactions when used for the elderly patients undergoing thoracic combined with laparoscopic radical resection of esophageal cancer.

Objective:To observe the effects of warm acupuncture on post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) based on the theory of intestinal flora.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted. 60 patients with PSCI in the Department of Acupuncture and Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from October 2020 to June 2022 were selected as the observation objects, and were divided into 2 groups by random number table, with 30 cases in each group. On the basis of cognitive rehabilitation training, the treatment group was given warm acupuncture treatment, and the control group was given routine acupuncture treatment. 2 groups were treated for 4 weeks as 1 course, and a total of 4 courses were treated. Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) was used to assess patients' cognitive function before and after treatment, and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was used to assess patients' intelligence level. The numbers of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria in fecal samples were calculated, and plasma gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels were detected by ELISA to evaluate the clinical efficacy.Results:During the study, 1 case was lost in each of the two groups, and finally 29 cases were included in the curative effect statistics. The total effective rate was 79.3% (23/29) in the treatment group and 65.5% (19/29) in the control group, with statistical significance ( χ2=43.39， P<0.05). After treatment, MoCA score [(24.23±1.36) vs. (21.26±1.30), t=3.12] and MMSE score [(25.35±1.24) vs. (21.52±1.22), t=3.25] in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05); Bifidobacterium [(9.20±1.25) LgCFU/g vs. (7.23±1.21) LgCFU/g, t=2.98], Lactic acid bacteria [(8.24±1.12) LgCFU/g vs. (6.25±1.22) LgCFU/g, t=2.92], and the level of GABA [(283.80±83.54) mmol/L vs. (264.76±61.38) mmol/L, t=10.54] were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion:Warm acupuncture and moxibustion can effectively regulate the number of intestinal beneficial bacteria in PSCI patients, increase the level of GABA, promote brain tissue repair and improve cognitive function.

Objective:To detect the expression levels of laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (LGP2), retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 (MDA5) in children with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), and to explore their possible clinical significance in HFMD.Methods:Fifty children with HFMD, who visited Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiao Tong University, Xi ′an Children′s Hospital and Xi ′an Central Hospital from May 2020 to May 2021, were selected as the research subjects, and 20 children with physical examination at the same age during the same period were selected as the control group.Children with HFMD were divided into enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) type and coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) type according to the results of pathogen detection, and then divided into mild group and severe group according to the severity of the disease.The relative mRNA expression levels of LGP2, RIG-I and MDA5 in each group, and the correlation among the three proteins were compared and analyzed.Results:Among 50 cases of HFMD, 26 cases were EV-A71 type (16 cases were mild and 10 cases were severe) and 24 cases were CV-A6 type (17 cases were mild and 7 cases were severe). There was no significant difference in age and sex between HFMD group and control group ( P>0.05). The relative expression levels of LGP2 mRNA in EV-A71 and CV-A6 HFMD cases were 2.37(1.78, 3.25)% and 1.88 (1.35, 3.13)%, lower than that in control group [2.97(2.61, 3.55)%]. Only the difference between CV-A6 HFMD children and control group was statistically significant ( Z=-2.310, P=0.021). The relative expression levels of RIG-I mRNA in EV-A71 and CV-A6 HFMD cases were 9.95 (7.79, 14.62)% and 9.78(7.04, 15.83)%, lower than that in control group [18.47(13.00, 21.07)%]. The differences were all statistically significant ( P<0.05). The relative expression levels of MDA5 mRNA in EV-A71 and CV-A6 HFMD cases were 4.41(2.82, 5.99)% and 3.98 (2.18, 7.41)%, lower than that in control group [5.10(3.52, 7.71)%], but the differences were not statistically significant.There were no significant differences in the relative expression levels of the three indicators between the mild and severe groups of children with EV-A71 or CV-A6 HFMD.The expression levels of LGP2, RIG-I and MDA5 mRNA were highly correlated( P<0.001). Conclusion:The relative expression levels of LGP2, RIG-I and MDA5 mRNA in children with HFMD are decreased in different degrees than those in normal children.And there is a correlation among them.