Objective To investigate the effects in elasticity of anterior tibial artery in new patients with type 2 diabetes caused by medicines of reducing blood sugar. Methods One hundred patients with type 2 diabetes were involved. The patients were divided into control group(50 cases) and case group(50 cases) according the vascular complications (including macroangiopathy and microangiopathy). Maxmum of circumferential strain(CSmax) of anterior tibial artery was acquired through strain and strain rate imaging. Local blood pressure which included local systolic blood pressure(LSBP) and local diastolic blood pressure (LDBP) of anterior tibial artery was measured at the same time. Strain-blood pressure index(SBPI) of anterior tibial artery was calculated, SBPI = CSmax/[(LSBP - LDBP)/LDBP] × 100%. It took six months for each patient to take medicines of reducing blood sugar. Then SBPI of anterior tibial artery was calculated again. Parameters were compared inter- and intra-groups. Results SBPI of anterior tibial artery after therapy was higher than that before therapy in control group( P<0. 05). There was no significant difference between SBPI of anterior tibial artery before therapy and that after therapy in case group( P >0. 05). SBPI of anterior tibial artery in case group was lower than that in control whatever before and after therapy( P < 0. 05). Conclusions The protection of medicines of reducing blood sugar on elasticity of anterior tibial artery in new diabetic patients without vascular complications was better.

To develop a cell-penetrating chimeric apoptotic peptide AVPI-LMWP/DNA co-delivery system for cancer therapy, we prepared the AVPI-LMWP/pTRAIL self-assembled complexes containing a therapeutic combination of peptide drug AVPI and DNA drug TRAIL. The chimeric apoptotic peptide AVPI-LMWP was synthesized using the standard solid-phase synthesis. The cationic AVPI-LMWP could condense pTRAIL by electrostatic interaction. The physical-chemical properties of the AVPI-LMWP/pTRAIL complexes were characterized. The cellular uptake efficiency and the inhibitory activity of the AVPI-LMWP/pTRAIL complexes on tumor cell were also performed. The results showed that the AVPI-LMWP/pTRAIL complexes were successfully prepared by co-incubation. With the increase of mass ratio (AVPI-LMWP/DNA), the particle size was decreased and the zeta potential had few change. Agarose gel electrophoresis showed that AVPI-LMWP could fully bind and condense pTRAIL at a mass ratio above 15:1. Cellular uptake efficiency was improved along with the increased ratio of W(AVPI-LMWP)/WpTRAIL. The in vitro cytotoxicity experiments demonstrated that the AVPI-LMWP/pTRAIL (W:W = 20:1) complexes was significantly more effective than the pTRAIL, AVPI-LMWP alone or LMWP/pTRAIL complexes on inhibition of HeLa cell growth. Our studies indicated that the AVPI-LMWP/pTRAIL co-delivery system could deliver plasmid into HeLa cell and induce tumor cell apoptosis efficiently, which showed its potential in cancer therapy using combination of apoptoic peptide and gene drugs.

Objective To explore the feasibility of endothelial function of dorsal artery of foot in patients with type 2 diabetes(T2DM) by high frequency ultrasound combined with warm bath test.MethodsThirty-five patients with T2DM and thirty normal people were collected,all subjects were examined by high frequency ultrasound.Diameter of brachial artery in baseline and after reactive hyperaemia were detected;Diameter of dorsal artery of foot in baseline and after the foot immersed in 40℃ warm water for 5 minutes were acquired.Flow mediated dilatation of dorsalis pedis artery(FMDDPA) and flow mediated dilatation of brachial artery(FMDBA) were calculated and compared.Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to examine the correlation between FMDDPA and hemoglobin A1c(HbAlc). Results The FMDDPA and FMDBA were decreased in patients with T2DM (P<0.01).The FMDDPA and FMDBA were correlated significantly(r=0.864,P<0.01).In stepwise regression analysis,HbA1c is the most affecting factor for FMDDPA (R2=0.321,P<0.01).Conclusions Ultrasound combined with warm bath test can be used to detect the change of endothelial function of dorsal artery of foot in patients with T2DM,which have a certain clinical application value in endothelial function of terminal limb artery.

Objective To evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in diagnosis of placental increta.Methods Twenty seven suspected patients with placental increta were examined with CEUS after routine ultrasound examination.SonoVue was injected intravenously as bolus and a real time CEUS was performed.The characteristics of contrast perfusion was analysised.Results Among the three antepartum CEUS cases,two had a clear boundary between the placenta and uterine wall,there was no residual placenta after induced labor;one had a blur boundary between the local placenta and uterine wail,and the local placenta adherenced to the uterine wall tightly when cesarean section was performed after induction failure.Comparison between CEUS and uterine curettage in 20 cases,5 cases had a dear boundary between residual disease in uterine cavity and uterine wall.The boundary between residual disease in uterine cavity and uterine wall disappeared in other 15 cases.Four cases performed total and subtotal hysterectomy,the uterine myometrium of placenta affixing part were very thin (3 - 5 mm),and the boundary between the placenta and uterine wall disappeared,and placental increta was proved by intraoperative and pathology.Conclusions When the boundary between residual placenta and uterine wall disappeared and/or the local uterine wall became thin,placental increta was suggested intensively.

Objective To analyze the CT findings of melamine induced urinary calculi.Methods Nineteen children with a history of ingestion of melamine contaminated infant formula milk were studied, including 12 males and 7 females, age ranged from 50 days to 5 years.Results CT demonstrated renal pelvic and ureteral stones in 13 cases, with urinary obstruction in 9 of them.The size of the stones ranged from 0.3 cm × 0.3 cm to stag-horn calculus.The density of the stones measured from a low of 40-70 HU up to a high of 410 HU with an average density of 160 HU.Conclusion CT scan is an excellent modality in demonstrating urinary tract calculi caused by melamine. It is the method of choice when ultrasound examinations are equivocal.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in the diagnosis of postnatal placenta increta. Methods Twenty-six patients with postnatal placenta increta were examined by gray-scale and color Doppler ultrasound and CEUS. Then microvascular perfusion and enhanced features of lesions, myometrium and serous layer were observed. Arriving time (AT), time to peak intensity (TTP) and the lasting time of enhancement (LTE) were recorded. AT,TTP and LTE of enhanced lesions were compared with those of normal myometrium. Results Serous layer, lesions and adjcent myometrium,normal myometrium enhanced in turn. There was no obvious boundary between the lesions enhanced and adjcent myometrium. AT and TTP of the lesions enhanced were both less than those of normal myometrium ( P ＜0. 05). LTE of the part of lesions enhanced was more than that of normal myometrium ( P ＜0.05).Part of lesions never enhanced during the whole process. The serous layer of uterine was smooth and uninterrupted in 24 patients. These 24 patients all recovered after conservative treatment. The local serous layer adjcent lesions was not smooth, but no contrast agent leakage occurred in another 2 patients, and uterine lobectomy were performed in emergency because of massive hemorrhage during conservative treatment. Conclusions Microvascular perfusion and enhanced features of lesions,myometrium and serous layer could be showed clearly through CEUS.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of individual and family factors on anxiety and loneliness of middle school students during quarantine in the COVID-19 pandemic and to provide reference for discussing the possible effective intervention paths in the stress process of public health emergencies. Methods: A total of 11 596 students from junior and high schools in Shanghai were selected to complete the questionnaire with the stratified random cluster sampling method. Generalized Anxiety Disorder(GAD-7) and UCLA Loneliness Scale, University of California at Los Angeles(ULS-6) were used for the survey. Results: The prevalence of anxiety and loneliness were 34.78% and 52.44% respectively. The rate of anxiety and loneliness in girls (36.13%, 54.62%) was higher than that of boys (33.44%, 50.28%)(χ 2=17.03, 21.82, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that graduates (OR=1.34, 95%CI=1.18-1.52), students ranking in the middle (OR=1.25, 95%CI=1.08-1.45) or in the bottom 25% (OR=1.76, 95%CI=1.50-2.05), non only children in the family (OR=1.25, 95%CI=1.09-1.43) and low socioeconomic status (OR=1.42, 95%CI=1.23-1.65) were associated with increased risk of moderate and severe level of anxiety(P<0.05). Girls(OR=1.20, 95%CI=1.12-1.30), graduates(OR=1.13, 95%CI=1.04-1.24), non residents(OR=1.20, 95%CI=1.09-1.33), lower level of grades(OR=1.72, 95%CI=1.55-1.91) and not living with parents(OR=1.32, 95%CI=1.18-1.48) were associated with increased risk of loneliness(P<0.05). Conclusion During the quarantine period caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, negative emotions such as anxiety and loneliness among adolescents need attention, especially females, graduates, only children and students with low rankings or low socioeconomic status.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the sesquiterpene lactones of the aerial parts of Inula helianthus-aquatica.

METHODCompounds were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. On the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data, their structures were identified.

RESULTSeven sesquiterpene lactones and four other compounds were obtained and identified as 2-desoxy-4-epi-pulchellin (1), 6-acetoxy-4-hydroxy-1, 10H-pseudoguaia-11 (13)-en-12,8-olide (2), 4-acetoxy-6-hydroxy-1, 10H-pseudoguaia-11(13)-en-12,8-olide (3), 8-epi-inuviscolide (4), 2,3,11,13-tetrahydroaromaticin (5), 11,13-dihydro-ergolide (6), 4-epipulchellin-2-O-acetate (7), 7-epiloliolide (8), loliolide (9), beta-sitosterol (10) and daucosterol (11).

CONCLUSIONAll the compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Inula ; chemistry ; Lactones ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry

Objective To observe the role of abatacept in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy in rats. Methods Type 2 diabetic nephropathy rat model was established, and was randomly divided into abatacept group and non-intervention group, 15 each. 15 normal rats were served as control group ( NC) . The abatacept group was given abatacept for 8 weeks. The control group was set at the same time period. Then the blood biochemical indexes, blood flow parameters of renal main artery, elasticity of renal parenchymal, HE staining of renal parenchymal and ultrastructure of podocytes were all evaluated. The expression of CD31, CD34, podocin, nephrin, and B7-1 in renal parenchyma were detected. Results Compared to the NC group, the fasting blood glucose, creatinine clearance rate, urine albumin excretion rate, and kidney hypertrophy index in the non-intervention and abatacept groups were significantly increased (P<0. 05);creatinine clearance rate, urine albumin excretion rate, and kidney hypertrophy index in the abatacept group were significantly lower compared to the non-intervention group (P<0. 05). There were significant differences in peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, and mean velocity among these 3 groups, and these differences were ranked as non-intervention groupabatacept>control groups (P<0. 05). There were significant differences in the stiffness of kidneys among these three groups, with the differences ranked as non-intervention>abatacept>control groups (P<0. 05). HE staining and transmission electron microscope observation showed that there were obvious changes in the renal parenchyma of rats in the non-intervention group and the abatacept group, and the changes of kidney in the non-intervention group were worse than those in the abatacept group. CD31 and CD34 expression in kidney parenchyma of rats in the abatacept group and non-intervention group were higher than those in the control group, the abatacept group and non-intervention group>the control group (P<0. 05), while no significant differences between the abatacept group and non-intervention group in CD31 and CD34 expression (P>0. 05). There were significant differences in podocin and nephrin expression in kidney parenchyma of rats among these three groups, and these differences were ranked as the control>abatacept>non-intervention groups (P<0. 05). There were significant differences in B7-1 expression in kidney parenchyma of rats among these three groups, and these differences were ranked as the control

Objective:To explore the differences of wear resistance of three kinds of glass ceramics and Wieland Zenostar zircona (Zenostar) , and to clarify their influencing factors.Methods:Zenostar were made into flat-shaped specimens (zirconia base sample group) and hemisphere-shaped specimens (zirconia pair grinding group) .There kinds of glass ceramics IPS Empress (Empress) , IPS e.max CAD (e.max) , VITA Suprinity (Suprinty) were used as base specimens.Each group was exposed to UMT-2testing machine to simulate the clinical service.The wear depthes of base specimens were detected by laser confocal scanning.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to evaluate the wear surfaces.Results:In zirconia base sample group, there were no significant differences in the maximum wear depthes to Zenostar between the three kinds of glass ceramics (P＞0.05) .In zirconia pair grinding group, the maximum wear depthes ranked as follows:Zenostar group＜e.max group≈Empress group＜Suprinity group;there was no significant difference between e.max group and Empress group (P＞0.05) , but there were significant differences between other groups (P＜0.01) .The SEM results showed that the wearing surface of the Zenostar in zirconia base sample group was relatively smooth;whereas the wearing surface of Empress in zirconia pair grinding group was rougher with alarge area of clebris desquamation surface.Conclusion:The wear resistance of the three kinds of glass ceramics to Zenostar is related to the compositions and the chemical structures of materials.