Objective A retrospective study was undertaken to evaluate the outcomes of the newborns with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum(PAIVS),in order to delineate strategies for the optimal management of PAIVS. Methods From July 2003 to July 2008,17 neonates with PAIVS underwent surgical treatment.The mean age at operation was(1 5.6±8.6)d and the mean weight was(3.54±0.44)kg.Initial surgical treatment included:Blalock-Taussig shunt (BT shunt)in 2 cases,closed pulmonary valvotomy and BT shunt in 1 case,right ventricular outlet tract reconstruction(RVOTR)in 2 cases,RVOTR and BT shunt in 11 cases. Results The mean duration of mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit stay were(35.5±35.1)h and(8.7±5.9)d,respectively.Two early deaths were reported inside the hospital(2/17,11.8%).Multivariable analysis demonstrated that mechanical ventilation before surgery was the risk factor for in-hospital mortality(r=1.02,P<0.01).The rest 15 cases were followed up with the average time of 19 months(2 months to 5 years)and no death was reported. Conclusions Neonates with PAIVS should be operated early.Individualized treatment strategy and regular follow-up are helpful to achieve better short-term outcome.

Objective To compare the efficacy of inhaled Iloprost and nitric oxide( NO)in infants with moderate or severe pulmonary hypertension(PH)after congenital heart disease surgery. Methods This was a prospec-tive randomized study in Children's Hospital of Fudan University from January 2011 to January 2014,including 40 in-fants who suffered from moderate to severe PH after heart surgery. Their ages ranged from 1 to 24 months. Their weight ranged from 3. 2 to 11. 0 kg. They were randomly allocated to inhale NO( NO group,n = 20)or Iloprost( Iloprost group,n = 20). Iloprost group was given Iloprost with 50 ng/(kg·min)for 10 min and then combined with NO 20 × 10 - 6 for 10 min;NO group was first given 20 × 10 - 6 of NO for 10 min,then combined with Iloprost 50 ng/(kg·min) for 10 min. Heart rate,systolic blood pressure,pulmonary artery pressure(PAP)and central venous pressure were recor-ded continuously. At the same time,the concentration of nitrogen dioxide and methemoglobin after inhaling NO was de-tected. Results Inhaled Iloprost and NO caused significant reduction in PAP(t = 4. 670,P = 0. 009;t = 3. 762,P =0. 004)and pulmonary - to - systemic pressure ratio(Pp/ Ps)(t = 16. 974,P = 0. 000;t = 9. 682,P = 0. 000)but signifi-cant increase in oxygen index separately. The combination had no additional effect compared with single application. In term of the reduction of PAP,there was no significant difference between inhaled Iloprost and NO(F = 2. 742,P =0. 129). The levels of nitrogen dioxide and methemoglobin were not above the normal limits. Conclusions Moderate to severe PH after cardiac surgery was significantly reduced by inhaled NO and Iloprost. They had similar effects. However, the combination of both vasodilators failed to prove more potent than either substance alone. Compared with the potential toxicity of NO,the individual differences and the complex transmission,Iloprost may be more reasonable and feasible for the postoperative treatment of PH.

Objective To analyze the clinical features, treatment outcomes and prognosis of patients with urinary tract lymphoma. Methods The clinical data of 16 patients in Tongji Hospital of Tongji University from January 2009 to April 2016 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Results The median age of these patients was 68 years. The onset symptoms of 14 cases were related to urinary system and imaging studies of 10 cases showed masses in the urinary system. The onset regions of lymphoma included:4 cases were renal lymphoma, 5 cases were adrenal lymphoma, 5 cases were testicular lymphoma, 1 case was prostate lymphoma and 1 case was from urethral mouth. The histological type of 12 cases was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and 10 patients were non-germinal center B cell-like (non-GCB) molecular profiling. Twelve cases belonged to Ann Arbor stages ⅢE- ⅣE, 10 cases had international prognostic index scores ≥3, and 7 cases had B symptoms. 10 patients were confirmed by surgery. Fourteen cases accepted rituximab-containing regimen chemotherapy. Five cases achieved complete response and 3 were partial response. Conclusions The clinical manifestations and imagine examination of patients with urinary tract lymphoma are lack of specificity. The clinical features are highly aggressive and most of the patients are diagnosed at advanced stage. The main histological type is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and non-GCB molecular profiling. Treatment regimens include surgery combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Earlier diagnosis and treatment may improve the survival of patients.

Objective:To demonstrate the polymorphism of α chain of bovine major histocompatibility complex(BoLA)classⅠmolecule and domain binding constant chain(Ii).Methods:Total 75 BoLA Iα genes were obtained from three Huaibei cattle and analyzed by molecular biology software;the genes of typical BoLA Iα domains and Ii were cloned,and then inserted into prokaryotic expression plasmid.After induced protein expression;the domains of BoLA Ⅰα chain binding to Ii were detected by pull-down meth-od and Western blot.The recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmids were constructed and the co-localization of BoLA Iα segments with Ii was observed by laser confocal microscopy.Results:Firstly,it was found that there were at least 5 kinds of BoLA Iα in the cloned gene sequence,which were highly polymorphic and they were mainly distributed in the antigen peptide binding region(PBR)of BoLA Ⅰ(α1α2)and cytoplasmic region.Secondly,the prokaryotic recombinant plasmids containing BoLA Ⅰα1α2α3,BoLA Ⅰα1α2 or BoLA Ⅰα 3 were constructed,then they were respectively induced to express and purified,in which,the BoLA Ⅰα1α2α3 and BoLA Ⅰα1α2 had the activity of binding to Ii.Finally,in 293T cells BoLA Ⅰα1α 2α3 or BoLA Ⅰα1α2 was found that could co-localize with Ii,while a single BoLA Ⅰα3 could not.Conclusion:BoLA Ⅰα gene is highly polymorphic.BoLA Ⅰα1α2 is a func-tional fragment that binds to Ii and co-locates intracellular.

Objective To analyze the risk of return to sport in athletes using their gait data following anterior cruciate ligament re-construction(ACLR). Methods From May to June,2023,39 athletes after ACLR were recruited in Wuhan Sports University.Their data on sta-ble gait and tandem gait were recorded using a three-dimensional motion capture system,surface electromyogra-phy and a three-dimensional ergometer table.Additionally,return-to-sport scores were calculated using the K-STARTS test.The relationship between each gait indicator and the total score of the K-STARTS test was ana-lyzed with Pearson correlation analysis.Furthermore,the key indicators related to the risk of return to sport were analyzed using linear regression. Results In the stable gait test,the step time was negatively correlated with the total score of K-STARTS(r=-0.479,P=0.002),and the peak amplitude symmetry index of rectus femoris(r=0.448,P=0.004)and vastus lateralis(r=0.595,P=0.001)were positively correlated with the total score of K-STARTS.In the tandem gait test,the lateral displacement distance of the center of gravity was negatively correlated with the total score of K-STARTS(r=-0.341,P=0.034),and the time symmetry index of peak amplitude of vastus lateralis was positively correlated with the total score of K-STARTS(r=0.320,P=0.047).Regression analysis showed that the interpretation of the model based on stable gait(F=15.818,P=0.001,R2=0.650)was better than that based on tandem gait(F=7.692,P=0.001,R2=0.397). Conclusion In stable gait,gait rhythm variability and symmetry are correlated with return to sport risk.In tandem gait,gait balance and symmetry indexes are correlated with return-to-sport risk.Compared with tandem gait,the inter-pretation of return-to-sport risk assessment model based on stable gait information is better,and may be more suitable as a simple return-to-sport risk test method.

BACKGROUND:The sports medicine community has widely called for the use of machine learning technology to efficiently process the huge and complicated sports data resources,and construct intelligent sports injury prediction models,enabling accurate early warning of sports injuries.It is of great significance to comprehensively summarize and review such research results so as to grasp the direction of early warning model improvement and to guide the construction of sports injury prediction models in China. OBJECTIVE:To systematically review and analyze relevant research on sports injury prediction models based on machine learning technology,thereby providing references for the development of sports injury prediction models in China. METHODS:Literature search was conducted on CNKI,Web of Science and EBSCO databases,which mainly searched for literature related to machine learning techniques and sports injuries.Finally,61 articles related to sports injury prediction models were included for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)In terms of external risk feature indicators,there is a lack of competition scenario indicators,and the inclusion of related feature indicators needs to be further improved to further enrich the dimensions of the dataset for model training.In addition,the inclusion feature weighting methods of the sports injury prediction model are mainly based on filtering methods and the use of embedding and wrapping weighting methods needs to be strengthened in order to enhance the analysis of the interaction effects of multiple risk factors.(2)In terms of model body training,supervised learning algorithms become the mainstream choice.Such algorithms have higher requirements for the completeness of sample labeling information,and the application scenarios are easily limited.Therefore,the application of unsupervised and semi-supervised algorithms can be increased in the later stage.(3)In terms of model performance evaluation and optimization,the current studies mainly adopt two verification methods:HoldOut crossover and k-crossover.The range of AUC values is(0.76±0.12),the range of sensitivity is(75.92±11.03)%,the range of specificity is(0.03±4.54)%,the range of F1 score is(80.60±10.63)%,the range of accuracy is(69.96±13.10)%,and the range of precision is(70±14.71)%.Data augmentation and feature optimization are the most common model optimization operations.The accuracy and precision of the current sports injury prediction model are about 70%,and the early warning effect is good.However,the model optimization operation is relatively single,and data augmentation methods are often used to improve model performance.Further adjustments to the model algorithm and hyperparameters are needed to further improve model performance.(4)In terms of model feature extraction,most of the internal risk profile indicators included are mainly based on anthropometrics,training load,years of training,and injury history,but there is a lack of sports recovery and physical function indicators.

ObjectiveTo investigate the difference in bilateral lower limb muscle synergy mode during gait in patients after unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. MethodsElectromyography from bilateral lower limb muscles during gait were collected from twelve male and eight female patients after unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in Affiliated Hospital of Wuhan Sports University, from April to June, 2023. The data were analyzed using non-negative matrix decomposition algorithm to extract the number of muscle synergies in the affected and unaffected legs, the time to peak activation of muscle synergies and the relative weights of the muscles. ResultsSix types of muscle synergy were identified in the unaffected leg of males during gait, while five types were identified in the affected leg, lacking synergy 2 that mainly from the tibialis anterior muscle. Six types of muscle synergy were identified in both legs in females during gait. There was no significant difference in the time to peak activation of muscle synergies between both legs in males (P > 0.05). However, the time to peak activation of muscle synergies increased in females in the affected leg for synergy 3 and synergy 5 (P < 0.05). The relative weight of the rectus femoris was lower in synergy 1 in the affected leg in males (P < 0.05). For female, the relative weight of the vastus lateralis was higher and the relative weight of the biceps femoris was lower in synergy 2 in the affected leg in females (P < 0.05); while the relative weight of the rectus femoris was lower in synergy 3 (P < 0.05), and the relative weight of the biceps femoris was lower in synergy 6 (P < 0.05). ConclusionMales would freeze the muscle synergy dominating ankle dorsiflexion in affected leg to enhance ankle stability, and reduce the relative weight of rectus femoris during the loading response phase to weaken the knee landing cushioning. However, females would delay the activation of synergies dominating in loading response phase and the mid-stance phase, enhance the relative weight of vastus lateralis during the loading response phase, and reduce the relative weights of rectus femoris in the loading response phase and the relative weight of biceps femoris in the mid-stance phase, to limit knee flexion.

Hip fracture in the elderly is characterized by high incidence, high disability rate, and high mortality and has been recognized as a public health issue threatening their health. Surgery is the preferred choice for the treatment of elderly patients with hip fracture. However, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) has an extremely high incidence rate during the perioperative period, and may significantly increase the risk of patients′ death once it progresses to pulmonary embolism. In response to this issue, the clinical guidelines and expert consensuses all emphasize active application of comprehensive preventive measures, including basic prevention, physical prevention, and pharmacological prevention. In this prevention system, basic prevention is the basis of physical and pharmacological prevention. However,there is a lack of unified and definite recommendations for basic preventive measures in clinical practice. To this end, the Orthopedic Nursing Professional Committee of the Chinese Nursing Association and Nursing Department of the Orthopedic Branch of the China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care organized relevant nursing experts to formulate Expert consensus on perioperative basic prevention for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients with hip fracture ( version 2024) . A total of 10 recommendations were proposed, aiming to standardize the basic preventive measures for lower extremity DVT in elderly patients with hip fractures during the perioperative period and promote their subsequent rehabilitation.

Objective To investigate the shedding of CAV2-ΔE3-CGS after immunization and the background of canine adenovirus (CAV) infection, and to establish a dual fluorescent quantitative PCR detection method for rabies virus (RV) and canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV2). Methods A dual fluorescent quantitative PCR detection method was established by designing specific primers and probes for E1 gene of CAV and G gene of RV for the detection of CAV2-ΔE3-CGS. Oral swabs, anal swabs and environmental samples of stray dogs from experimental animal farm and dog detention center were tested. Results The standard curves generated by this method were Y=-3.351 × logX + 44.895, R² = .999 and Y=-3.413 × logX + 45.192, R²=0.996, respectively. The linear relationships were good, and the minimum detection limits were both 102 copies/μL. CAV2-ΔE3-CGS was not detected in experimental animal farm. CAV was detected in dog detention center, and the positive rates were 5.88% (5/85) in oral swabs, 8.24% (7/85) in anal swabs, and 4% (1/25) in environmental samples. Conclusion The dual fluorescent quantitative PCR method can be used for the detection of CAV2-ΔE3-CGS after immunization and the investigation of CAV infection. The present study has shown that no CAV2-ΔE3-CGS has been detected after immunization and CAV infection rate of stay dogs is low in Shanghai. CAV2-ΔE3-CGS oral immunization meets requirement and is applicable.

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a destructive pest native to America and has recently become an invasive insect pest in China. Because of its rapid spread and great risks in China, understanding of FAW genetic background and pesticide resistance is urgent and essential to develop effective management strategies. Here, we assembled a chromosome-level genome of a male FAW (SFynMstLFR) and compared re-sequencing results of the populations from America, Africa, and China. Strain identification of 163 individuals collected from America, Africa and China showed that both C and R strains were found in the American populations, while only C strain was found in the Chinese and African populations. Moreover, population genomics analysis showed that populations from Africa and China have close relationship with significantly genetic differentiation from American populations. Taken together, FAWs invaded into China were most likely originated from Africa. Comparative genomics analysis displayed that the cytochrome p450 gene family is extremely expanded to 425 members in FAW, of which 283 genes are specific to FAW. Treatments of Chinese populations with twenty-three pesticides showed the variant patterns of transcriptome profiles, and several detoxification genes such as AOX, UGT and GST specially responded to the pesticides. These findings will be useful in developing effective strategies for management of FAW in China and other invaded areas.
Animals ; China ; Genomics ; Humans ; Male ; Pesticides ; Spodoptera/genetics* ; Transcriptome