005), while iron overload occurred in 8 of 57 cases of ?-thalassemia (14.0%) and 89 out of 386 cases of ?-thalassemia (23.1%). Although the occurrence rate of iron overload in ?-thalassemia appeared higher than that in ?-thalassemia, no significant difference existed. Homozygote ?-thalassemia was prone to iron overload, followed by non-deletion HbH diseases, at the occurrence rate of 79.2% and 27.3% respectively. Iron deficiency was inclined to be associated with silent ?-thalassemia at the occurrence rate of 45.5%, followed by heterozygote ?-thalassemia (30.3%). Conclusion Both iron overload and iron deficiency can be found in thalassemia. Therefore, special treatments should be carried out according to given cases.

[Objective] To examine the specific gene and protein expression of primary and passaged chondrocytes in normal oxygen tension and hypoxia.[Methods]Articular chondrocytes were isolated from limb joint cartilage of C57BL/6 mice(3~5 days).Primary chondrocytes(P0)and passaled chondrocytes(P1,P2)were cultured in normal oxygen tension and hypoxia respectively for two days.The mRNA levels of collagen II,aggrecan,sox9,Indian hedgehog(ihh),parathyroid hormone-related protein(PTHrP),bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)-4 and wnt5a were examined with RT-PCR,and protein levels of collagen II,aggrecan were examined with immunohistochemistry and toluidine blue staining.[Results]During the culture of primary chondrocyte,the expression of collagen II and aggrecan increased under hypoxia,mRNA levels of collagen II,wnt5a increased and ihh decreased at the same time.The mRNA levels of special genes and differentiation related genes of passaged chondrocytes were not altered under hypoxia.[Conclusion]Protein and mRNA level of Collagen II of primary chondrocyte under hypoxia increased.It may be regulated by chondrocyte differentiation gene ihh,and wnt5a.The chondrocyte phenotype could not be resumed under hypoxia through short-term monolayer culture in vitro.

The clinical data of a child diagnosed with β-ketothiolase deficiency in Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in September 2018 were reviewed, and nutritional intervention and follow-up were carried out.The male child was 1 year and 4 months old, and he had clinical manifestations, including vomiting, diarrhea, mental depression and repeated metabolic acid poisoning.Gene detection: heterozygous variation of ACAT1 gene c. 401T>C (p.M134T) and c. 481T > C (p.Y161H). This study was mainly aimed at children with β-ketothiolase deficiency for nutritional treatment of individualized nutrition therapy, suggests that energy supply should be guaranteed and protein and fat intake should be limited in acute stage, and protein and fat intake should be increased gradually in remission stage, which can not only ensure growth and development, but also reduce the occurrence of metabolic crisis.

Objective To investigate the effects of micro alcohol on serum enzymes in vitro and vitro Methods Serum alcohol and ALT?AST?GGT?ALP?CK?LDH?AMY?LIPA activities were measured before and after alcohol consuming (1 ml/kg) in 14 volunteers Meanwhile, the direct inhibitory effects of alcohol on the serum enzymes were studied by comparing the serum enzyme activities with or without alcohol Results Alcohol consuming could depress the serum AST activity from (24 04?3 66) U/L to (22 25?3 27) U/L and LIPA activities from (155 86?93 51) U/L to (128 35?84 85) U/L, whereas increase the other serum enzyme activities, but only serum AMY were found statistic difference [from (48 78?10 66) U/L to (55 50?12 60) U/L] The inhibitory effects of alcohol on all the measured enzymes were found in vitro studies Conclusions Alcohol could obvious influence the serum enzyme activities both in vivo and vitro Avoiding the contamination of alcohol during sample collection and routine laboratory work is necessary

To understand the personality characteristics and temperament type of medical students in Xi'an Jiao tong University,and to provide scientific evidence for their targeted mental intervention by analyzing graphs about Eysenck personality questionnaire revised in China.,310 medical students were investigated by using EPQ(adult version).We found that there were more male students with typical psychoticism personality than female students with the same personality,and there was statistical significant difference in the distribution of the type of temperament between male and female students.Medical students with stable personality probably accounted for two-thirds of the total.Female students were mainly manifested unstable personality with extraversion,while male students were unstable introvents.In future we should take targeted psychological intervention measures.We are supposed to focus on each student's personality characteristic,temperament type and other specific conditions for a variety of education.

OBJECTIVE: To examine estrogen receptor (ER) in osteoblasts from adult human and to elucidate the mechanism of estrogen in modulating bone metabolism. METHODS: The cultured osteoblasts were harvested from bone chips by modified sequential digestive enzyme release and immunohistochemical assay of ER in osteoblasts were carried out in three groups of female adults: normal control (group 1), patients with moderate osteoporosis (group 2) and patients with serious osteoporosis (group 3). The percentages of ER-positive osteoblasts from the three groups were compared by t test. RESULTS: The brown marks that indicate ER were found in nuclei and plasma of the osteoblasts, and the percentages of ER-positive osteoblasts among three groups were significantly different. CONCLUSION: ERs exist in nuclei and plasma of the osteoblasts. Estrogen may modulate bone metabolism through binding ER in nuclei and plasma of the osteoblasts. The reduction of ER of osteoblasts may play an important role in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

To investigate the effects of Sangen Decoction, a compound Chinese herbal medicine, on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption function of osteoclasts induced by polymethylmethacrylate particles in vitro.

To establish a stable, useful culture system for human osteoclasts and to investigate the effect of osteoblasts on the differentiation, proliferation and activation of osteoclasts so as to provide a base for the studies on prevention and treatment of osteolysis and osteoporosis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the probabilities of core-biding factor a1 (Cbfa1) expression by human skin fibroblasts induced in vitro.

METHODSThe fibroblasts were isolated, purified from human skin, and were grown in incubation in the media of TNF-alpha, BMP-2, and combined TNF-alpha and BMP-2 at certain concentrations, respectively. The changes in biological features of these fibroblasts correlated with osteogenesis were detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR assay.

RESULTSTNF-alpha could switch phenotype of collagen in fibroblasts from Type I and III to Type I and induce fibroblasts to express Ras and BMP type I receptor (BMPR-IA). TNF-alpha in combination with BMP-2 could induce fibroblasts to express Cbfa1 and osteocalcin mRNA.

CONCLUSIONHuman skin fibroblast could be induced into pro-osteoblast expressing Cbfa1, an osteoblast-specific transcription factor and a regulation of osteoblast differentiation, and combined use of TNF-alpha and BMP-2 was one of the regulating factors.

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type I ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen ; biosynthesis ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit ; Core Binding Factors ; Fibroblasts ; metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplasm Proteins ; Osteocalcin ; biosynthesis ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Receptors, Growth Factor ; biosynthesis ; Skin ; cytology ; Transcription Factors ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; pharmacology

Objective To investigate the clonal relatedness of A.baumannii isolates from senile patients by conducting cross-sectional and longitudinal studies on antimicrobial susceptibility profiling and genomic diversity.Methods Cross-sectional study was done among the 170 non-repetitive A.baumannii isolates which were collected from senile patients during two years.Longitudinal study was conducted among 77 A.baumannii collected from 8 senile patients within longtime hospitalization.Results 75.3 ％ of the 170 isolates were non-susceptible to carbapenems,and the phenotype were XDR or MDR which spread evenly all over the senile wards.The isolates belonged to 36 pulsotypes determined by PFGE.Groups Ⅰ (contain119 isolates) were major epidemic strains,which were CRAB with XDR phenotype.In longitudinal study,comparison of pulsotypes was performed for each patient and all isolates were clustered into group Ⅰ except one isolate.All the 77 isolates were XDR.Conclusion Extensive drug-resistance of A.baumannii was a serious problem in the gerontal wards.Clone dissemina tion was the most important style of XDR strains spread.Horizontal infection control measures to interrupt person-to-person transmission should be reinforced to reduce the further spread of XDR A.baumannii.