Objective To investigate the clinical results of the treatment of complex femoral and tibial fractures using Grosse Kempf intramedullary interlocking nails. Methods Grosse Kempf intramedullary interlocking nails were used to treat 38 cases of complex femoral and tibial fractures. 12 cases of them were opened fractures, and 26 cases were closed. There were 24 cases of femoral fractures and 14 cases of tibial fractures. The average age was 33.6 years. Most of them were reduced under x ray monitoring. CPM rehabilitation started after the operation to gain the funtional recovey. After two weeks walking with crutches began. Results After the operation, all the wounds healed by first intention. The average union time of the fractures was 10.5 weeks (8～12 weeks). The average follow up period was 14.5 months. With all the cases rated as good or excellent, the clinical results were satisfactory. Conclusion Grosse-Kempf intramedullary interlocking nails are an effective, strong, convenient and secure implant to treat complex femoral and tibial fractures.

Objective To conduct a pilot study on genome-wide in vivo protein-RNA interactions in E.coli.Methods Bacterial lysate was treated with RNase before the RNA fragments protected by proteins were extracted from treated lysate and used to construct cDNA library that was applied to high-throughput sequencing .Finally, the transcripts bound by proteins were obtained by bioinformatics analysis .Results A total of 3193 transcripts were obtained , including 2234 mRNAs, 47 sRNAs, 39 tRNAs, 11 rRNAs, and 862 intergenic regions .Conclusion Some information of transcripts interacting with proteins in E.coli is acquired , which will facilitate further studies of protein-RNA interactions .

Tumor metastasis is a complicated process with multiple steps, and liver metastasis is the most common metastatic mode of colorectal cancer. Deep understanding and study of metastatic mechanism helps to find solutions for colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Recent studies have shown that microRNA are involved in tumor metastasis and recurrence, and studies on microRNA associated with colorectal cancer liver metastasis can provide new thoughts for the development and progression, diagnosis and treatment, and prognosis of the disease. This article summarizes the research advances in microRNA associated with colorectal cancer liver metastasis and reviews the biological function and molecular mechanism of microRNA, which suggests that microRNA have a vital significance in the field of tumor metastasis, especially colorectal cancer liver metastasis.

Objective · To investigate the clinical characteristics of initial peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients with different peritoneal transport status, and analyze risk factors of high peritoneal transport status in PD patients. Methods · A total of 455 consecutive PD patients newly starting PD between January 2007 to October 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the results of the first sPET, patients were divided into H/HA (4h D/Pcr ≥ 0.65) and L/ LA (4h D/Pcr<0.65) groups. Clinical and biochemical characteristics between the two groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression model was established to investigate risk factors of higher peritoneal transport status of incident PD patients. Results · The study included 372 incident PD patients. The L/LA group and H/HA group had 264 cases (71.2%) and 108 cases (28.8%) respectively. The H/HA group had higher proportion of male patients (63.0% vs 50.8%, P=0.03), lower residual renal function [RRF, (4.26±2.77) mL/min vs (5.79±4.53) mL/min, P<0.01], lower serum albumin level [(29.34±6.89) g/L vs (32.08±5.86) g/L, P=0.00], and more frequent diabetic nephropathy (19.4% vs 9.5%, P=0.00), compared with L/LA group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher peritoneal transport status was associated with lower serum albumin level (OR=0.96, 95% CI 0.28-0.99; P=0.02), male (OR=1.92, 95% CI 1.19-3.12; P=0.00), presence of diabetic nephropathy (OR=2.52, 95% CI 1.26-5.05; P=0.00) and lower residual renal function (OR=0.90,95% CI 0.83-0.96; P=0.00). The level of hsCRP in patients with hypoalbuminemia was higher than that in patients with normal albumin level (1.69 mg/L vs 0.69 mg/L, P=0.00). Conclusion · Low and low average peritoneal transport status accounted for the majority of the patients in this study. Low serum albumin levels, male, diabetic nephropathy, RRF were risk factors of initial high peritoneal solute transport status. Chronic inflammatory status might partially explain for the correlation between hypoalbuminemia and high peritoneal solute transport status in PD patients.

Objective To evaluate the effect of conversion from mycophenolic acid (MPA) to mizoribine (MZR) in renal transplant recipients with gastrointestinal tract (GI) symptoms.Methods A total of 355 renal transplant recipients with GI symptoms caused by MPA administration were enrolled from April 2015 to March 2017 in 25 different renal transplant centers in China.The symptomatic improvement of GI before (baseline) and after conversion to MZR (1,2,4 weeks) was assessed by each item of GI symptoms indication.In addition,the efficacy and safety of the conversion therapy during 12 months were determined.Results Patients showed improvement in GI symptoms including diarrhea,abdominal pain,abdominal distention and stomachache after conversion to MZR 1,2,4 weeks (P＜0.05).In patients with different severity of diarrhea,conversion to MZR therapy significantly improved diarrhea (P＜0.05).During 12 months,no patient experienced clinical immune rejection.We did not observe any infections,leucopenia and other serious side effects.Conclusion MZR could markedly improve GI symptoms caused by MPA administration in renal transplant recipients.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of single bolus high dose (SD group) ATG-Fresenius induction therapy in kidney transplantation vs.multiple low dose (MD group) administration.Methods A multiple center,prospective,randomized and controlled clinical study was performed on 280 de novo renal transplant recipients from 19 centers.Patients were randomized into 2 groups as follows:SD group,a single high dose (7-9 mg/kg) of ATG-F infused as an induction agent before the vessel anastomoses;MD group,2 mg/kg of ATG-F daily administrated in postoperative 4 days.All the patients accepted maintenance immunosuppressive protocol including tacrolimus,mycophenolate and prednisone.Patients were assessed and data were collected at regular schedule clinic visits on the day 1,3,7,14,30,90,180,270 and 365.The primary end point of efficacy was therapeutic failure rate [the number of death,grafts loss and acute rejection (AR)].The event first occurred should be used in the classification of patients.The non-inferiority evaluation of the two treatment regimens was done based on treatment failure rate.The secondary end points of efficacy were the incidence of AR,delayed graft function (DGF),1-year survival rate of patients and grafts,and serum creatinine at each visiting point.The indicators for safety evaluation included hemotologic variation and incidence of adverse events.Results The therapeutic failure rate in SD group was non-inferior to the MD group (17.24％ vs.23.08％).AR was the major cause of therapeutic failure and there was similar incidence of AR between SD gronp and MD group (12.07％ vs.21.37％).There was no significant difference in the incidence of DGF between SD group and MD group (12.07％ vs.6.84％,P =0.1721).The 1-year patient's survival rate and 1-year graft survival rate in SD group and MD group showed no significant difference (96.55％ vs.98.29％,P =0.6714;94.83％ vs 98.29％,P =0.2750).The serum creatinine level showed no significant differences between two groups at each visit point.There was also no significant difference in total incidence of adverse events between the two groups.In addition,there was also no statistically significant difference in the incidence of concerned and drug-related adverse events between the two groups,including infection,hemotologic abnormality,liver or renal dysfunction,gastrointestinal disorder,etc.After ATG--F administration,peripheral blood lymphocytes in the SD and the MD group immediately decreased but nearly restored to the normal level on the postoperative day 30 and 90 respectively.No severe granulocytopenia,erythropenia or thrombocytopenia occurred in both two groups.Conclusion The efficacy and safety of single high dose of ATG-F induction are non-inferior to multiple low dose ATG-F induction,moreover,single high dose of ATG-F induction is administered more conveniently and economically.