Objective To explore the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in skin and heart grafts survival prolongation after different CD47 genotype donor specific splenocytes pretreatment.Methods Mouse skin plus hearts transplantation model was set up by using C57BL/6 as recipients and MHC class I-mismatched bm1 as donors.In CD47-/-DST group,recipients received CD47-/-bm1 splenocytes transfusion at 7th d before transplantation.In CD47+/+DST group,recipients received CD47+/+bm1 splenocytes transfusion at 7th day before transplantation.In control group,recipients only received bm1 skin and heart grafts.The populations of Tregs were analyzed by FACS and immunohistochemistry,respectively.The inhibitory effect of Tregs and anti-donor T cell responses was assessed by MLR.Results Result As compared with control group,the survival time of skin grafts in CD47-/-DST group was slightly longer than in non-DST group (20 days vs.17.5 days,P>0.05),but skin grafts had long-term survival in CD47+/+DST group (46.5 days,P<0.005).The survival time of heart grafts in CD47-/-DST group was similar to that in the control group,and slightly longer than non-DST group (17 days vs.15.5 days,P>0.05),but heart grafts had long-term survival in CD47+/+DST group (42.5 days vs.17 days,P<0.01).At 18th day after transplantation,immunohistochemistry showed that more Tregs infiltration could be observed in CD47-/-DST group,but not in CD47+/+DST group.The number of Foxp3+Tregs from the mice receiving CD47-/-DST increased markedly at 18th day post-transplantation compared to thot from the mice receiving CD47+/+DST (P<0.01),but the ratio of Tregs was decreased significantly (P<0.05).The number of Foxp3+Tregs in both CD47-/-and CD47+/+ DST groups was increased,but there was no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05).As compared with CD47-/-DST group,the ratio of Tregs in lymph node cells in CD47+/+DST group increased significantly (P<0.01).Compared to CD47-/-DST group and control group,anti donor specific T cell proliferation was decreased in CD47+/+DST group at 7th day after transplantation (P<0.05).The inhibitory effects of Tregs were similar among groups.Conclusion CD47 expressed on DST cells plays an important role in grafts survival prolongation.The ratio of Tregs in lymphocytes plays the key role in grafts survival prolongation.but not the number or inhibitory function of single Treg.

As the major part of mesencephalic locomotion region, pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPN) participates in motor initiation, rhythmic and speed regulation. In addition, PPN is regarded as a novel deep brain stimulation target for patients with Parkinson′s disease due to its dramatic effect on the gait disturbance and postural instability. However, PPN also has an important role in muscle tone control and dystonia. This review is aimed at summarizing the involvement of PPN in dystonia, providing fundamental for targeting PPN for treatment of dystonia in the future.

Objective: To understand the real experience of oral hygiene care of perioperative oral cancer patients. Methods: Qualitative descriptive research was adopted. Semi-structure in depth interviews were conducted among 17 postoperative oral cancer patients. NVivo 11 was used to manage and sort out the original data, data was analyzed with the content analysis of Colaizzi. Results: Six themes regarding oral hygiene care was extracted, including the diversity of methods of oral hygiene and the care provider, patients have limited knowledge about oral hygiene care and the relative education is lacking, the change of function, structure and the degree of comfort of mouth impact the oral hygiene care, patients′ feedback on oral hygiene care is complicated, patients′ oral care related emotional experience is rich, oral hygiene care experience of elderly and non-elderly patients with oral cancer has few difference. Conclusions The oral hygiene care of perioperative oral cancer patients needs to be further standardized, the instruction of patients′ oral hygiene care needs to be enhanced, more attention should be paid to the popularization of disease knowledge, so as to optimize patients care and do a good job in disease prevention.

Objective To evaluate the effect of conversion from mycophenolic acid (MPA) to mizoribine (MZR) in renal transplant recipients with gastrointestinal tract (GI) symptoms.Methods A total of 355 renal transplant recipients with GI symptoms caused by MPA administration were enrolled from April 2015 to March 2017 in 25 different renal transplant centers in China.The symptomatic improvement of GI before (baseline) and after conversion to MZR (1,2,4 weeks) was assessed by each item of GI symptoms indication.In addition,the efficacy and safety of the conversion therapy during 12 months were determined.Results Patients showed improvement in GI symptoms including diarrhea,abdominal pain,abdominal distention and stomachache after conversion to MZR 1,2,4 weeks (P＜0.05).In patients with different severity of diarrhea,conversion to MZR therapy significantly improved diarrhea (P＜0.05).During 12 months,no patient experienced clinical immune rejection.We did not observe any infections,leucopenia and other serious side effects.Conclusion MZR could markedly improve GI symptoms caused by MPA administration in renal transplant recipients.

Objective To improve the efficiency of result reporting and ensure the accuracy of the results by establishing autoverification system in Clinical Chemistry and Immunology Laboratory.Methods The study followed the requirements of the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)AUTO-10A and ISO 15189:2012.In addition,seven categories of verification rules were encoded using the autoverification function of the CentraLink?Data Management System on the Aptio?Automation platform.These rules included Clinical Diagnostic Standard(CS), Sample Status(SS), Quality Control Severity(QS), Instrument Error Flags Severity(IS), Normal Severity(NS), Delta Check Severity(DS), and Logical Assessment Standard(LS).Various modules of Aptio Automation,laboratory information system(LIS)and hospital information system(HIS)were integrated using the CentraLink system to establish the autoverification system.Results The autoverification system was set up and tested from August 2015 to April 2016.In total, the system ran 4 496 425 tests on 366 180 chemistry specimens.The overall autoverification rate for tests performed increased from 53.4% to 87.0%.Glucose had the highest rate (98.3%)while CKMB had the lowest rate(63.6%).Average TAT for result verification decreased by 97.7%,from 46.3 minutes to 3.7 minutes.The system ran 410,040 tests on 160 119 chemiluminescence specimens.The autoverification rate for tests performed increased from 40.2%to 89%.C-P had the highest rate(98.4%)while A-TPO had the lowest rate(58.7%).Average TAT for result verification decreased by 77.4%,from 14.6 minutes to 3.3 minutes.From May 2016 to January 2017(when autoverification was employed),compared with the same period in 2014(when manual verification was employed),the following changes were observed with no increase in staff capacity:a)Volume of routine chemistry tests increased by 46.4%,and median TAT for tests decreased by 41.9%, from 118 minutes to 83 minutes; b)Volume of chemiluminescence tests increased by 24.5%and median median TAT for tests decreased by 52.4%, from 131 minutes to 86 minutes;c)Median TAT for critical values decreased by 50.5%; d)Rates of tests that did not go through autoverification were 88.2% for NS,6.05% for SS, 2.40% for DS,2.00% for LS, 0.97%for IS,and 0.43% for CS; e)Rates of abnormal specimen status identified by Aptio Automation were 7.13‰for jaundice,5.39‰ for blood lipids,2.20‰ for hemolysis,0.17‰ for barcode error, and 0.15‰ for insufficiency;f)Error rate decreased to 0.00%;and g)staff satisfaction increased from 85%to 100%.Conclusion Autoverification of results by using the CentraLink Data Management System can achieve quality control over the entire process of clinical laboratory testing, ensure accuracy of test results, improve work efficiency, decrease TAT, minimize the error rate, avoid skill variation of staff, reduce the pressure of performing manual verification,and improve medical security.

The treatment of oral cancer patients mainly involves surgery in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This paper reviews the clinical features of perioperative patients with oral cancer, including oral flora imbalance, oral complications after radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the presence of oral incisions (and flaps), special dietary needs, and airway management. In connection with the above characteristics, this article analyzes the necessity of three aspects of oral care to improve the patient’s comfort and prevent pulmonary and surgical site infections, with the goal of providing a reference for oral care research on patients undergoing oral cancer surgery and laying a foundation for the construction of comprehensive oral care programs during the perioperative period for patients with oral cancer.