The diagnosis and treatment of cancer has begun to move to the age of precision medicine with the completion of the human genome project, the implementation of the cancer genome project and the application of cancer targeting drugs. This paper briefly reviewed the history from human genome project to precision medicine Initiative, the achievements of cancer genomics and targeting therapy, and finally put forward the direction of cancer study in the future.

Objective: To investigate the effects of estrogen and progesterone on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR) in mouse uterus. Methods: 3-week-old immature female mice were randomly divided into 7 groups and treated with corn oil, estradiol (E2) of 1.5, 3.0, 10, 25 ng, progesterone (P) of 100 ?g and (E_2 10 ng + P 100 ?g)/mouse, respectively. After the treatment for 48 h, mouse uterus was collected to isolate total RNA. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of mRNA isoforms of VEGF and its receptors in mouse uterus. Results: Compared with control, both E_2 and P significantly increased the expression of VEGF164 and VEGF120 mRNA in mouse uterus. The expression of VEGFR2 mRNA, not VEGF1 mRNA, was decreased by E_2 treatment in a dose-independent manner. Conclusion: Both estradiol and progesterone up-regulated the expression of VEGF, but estradiol down-regulated the expression of VEGFR2 in mouse uterus.

Dauricine ( Dau ) was studied on the pharmacokinetics in experimental acute renal failure (ARF ) induced by HgCl2 or acute liver injury ( ALI ) induced by CC14 in rabbits.After iv administration of 5 mg/kg in normal rabbits the main pharmacokinetic parameters of Dau were as follows:t1/2=0.18?0.12 (h), t1/2?=3.18?0.95 ( h ) , Vd = 26.7l? 3.61 ( L/kg ) and Cl = 6.91 ? 1.74 ( L/h?kg-1 ). The pharmacokinetic parameters of Dau in ARF were not significantly different from that in normal. Cl (3.31?1.88 L/h?kg-1 ) in ALI was significantly lower than that in normal and t1/2? ( 8.85?4.57 h ) in ALI was considerably longer than that in normal.The results indicated that the pharmacokiaetics of Dau had no change in rabbits with ARF and its elimination was prolonged in rabbits with ALI.

Objective To study and develop the whole blood red cell lysing reagents in order to replace the commercial kit and reduce the cost.Methods Flow cytometry was used to compare the home-made red cell lysing reagents with the commercial kit on the separation of white cells into three groups,on the ratio of lymphocyte subsets and on the mean fluorescence intensity(MFI)of lymphocyte subsets.Results Compared with the commercial kit,the home-made lysing reagents had no significant difference on the separation of white cells into three groups,on the ratio of lymphocyte subsets and on the MFI of T lymphocytes,B lymphocytes,Helper-Inducer T-lymphocytes and Suppressor-Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.Conclusions The home-made lysing reagents had similar effects as the commercial kit on the separation of white cells,on the ratio of lymphocyte subsets and on the MFI of T lymphocytes,B lymphocytes,Helper-Inducer T-Lymphocytes and Suppressor-Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes,but the cost is much lower.

Objective To investigate the expression and function of Fca receptor on human airway smooth muscle(ASM)cells.Methods RT-PCR and immunofluorescence technique were used to detect the expression of Fca receptor on human ASM cells.The effect of IgA on intracellular calcium concentration of human ASM cells was measured by using Fura-2/AM as a calcium indicator.Results RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining confirmed the presence of Fca receptor on human ASM cells.Compared with control,secretory IgA(sIgA)induced a rise in intracellular calcium concentrations on human ASM cells after 90min incubation(P0.05).Conclusion Fca receptor was expressed on human ASM cells.SIgA increased the intracellular calcium concentration of human ASM cells.

Objective:To investigate the expression of amphiregulin in human endometrium during the menstrual cycle.Methods: Endometrial tissues were collected from the patients undergoing hysterectomy or endometrial biopsy.Real-time RT-PCR,in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression characteristics of amphiregulin in human endometrium in proliferative and secretory phases.Results: Real-time RT-PCR showed the expression of amphiregulin mRNA in secretory phase was 32 times that in proliferative phase.The results from in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry showed that amphiregulin was located in the cytoplasm and mainly expressed in the gland of endometrium.The expressions of amphiregulin mRNA in proliferative and secretory phases were 0.54?0.22 and 2.96?0.47(P

BACKGROUND: These serial processes for forming male gametes are basically controlled by the programmed expression of a number of stage-specific genes. However, many aspects of the mechanisms of spermatogenesis have remained elusive because of a lack of suitable in vitro or in vivo models.OBJECTIVE: To screen genes involved in spermatogenesis, and to analyze its expression characteristics. METHODS: Testes cDNA samples from Balb/C mice of different postnatal days (4,9,18,35, 54 days and 6 months, respectively) were hybridized with mouse whole genome Affymetrix chip to screen the testis-ralated genes. The characteristics of the selected genes were analyzed by various bioinformatics tools. RT-PCR was used here to identify the expression of the selected genes in mice testis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The Affymetrix chip probe of mouse Tpap was graduated higher expression with developmental stages of mouse testis. The scaling hybridization signal intensities of the tested testis on days 4, 9,18, 35, 54, and 6 months of postnatal were 4.4 (Absent expression, A), 12.9 (A), 262.4 (Present expression, P), 1136.7 (P), 1617.5 (P) and 1128 (P),respectively. These results indicated that the expression of mouse Tpap wasn't detected on days 4 and 9, but was detected on days 18, 35, 54, and 6 months of mouse testis in our Affymetrix chip analysis. By combination with the RT-PCR analysis of mouse Tpap, we observed mouse Tpap began to express at the age of day 18 in mouse. Tpap is an age-dependent gene in mouse testis.The expression of Tpap corresponds to the appearance of spermatids of mice and indicates that Tpap may have an important role in male mammalian spermatogenesis.

Objective To detect the expression level of Taurine up?regulated gene 1( TUG1) in the re?nal cell carcinoma and paired paracancerous normal tissues,then explore the relationships between the expression level of TUG1 and clinical characteristics.Methods RNA was Extacted from the resected renal cell carcinoma tissues and paired paracancerous normal tissues of 46 patients respectively,by reverse transcription to get cDNA, the expression level of the TUG1 was detected by RT?qPCR, the relationship between the expression level of TUG1 and the clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed by statistically software. Results The expression of TUG1 in renal cell carcinoma was obviously lower than that in paired paracancerous normal tissues(0.533±0. 027 vs. 1.000±0.298,t=-3.350,P<0.01).The△CT value of Tug1 in 46 cases of renal cell carcinoma after log?arithmic transformation,the minimum value was -5.535,maximum was 3.085,average value was -0.908,with the average of -0.908 as a dividing line,46 cases of renal cell carcinoma with 25 cases (54.34%) were down regulated the expression.The expression level of TUG1 of patients with renal carcinoma have no significant corre?lation with age,sex,type of renal cell carcinoma,TNM staging and UICC/AJCC staging(P>0.05).Conclusion The expression of TUG1 in renal cell carcinoma tissues are down?regulated,which also suggest that it may be re?lated to the tumorigenesis and development of renal cell carcinoma.

In order to identify novel genes involved in spermatogenesis, testis cDNA samples from Balb/C mice of different postnatal days were hybridized with the whole mouse genome Affymetrix chip to screen the testis-specific genes. The characteristics of the selected genes were analyzed by RT-PCR as well as other bioinformatic tools. A novel differentially expressed testis-specific gene (GenBank Accession No: NM_029042) in the developmental stages of testes was identified, and named TSCPA. Cellular mapping prediction of TSCPA indicated that its protein was probably expressed in nuclei, and one putative domain (aa 332-377) was anchoring domain of cAMP-dependent type II PK. The result of subcellular localization of GFP-TSCPA fusion protein in Cos-7 cells showed that TSCPA protein was expressed in nuclei. RT-PCR analysis revealed that TSCPA was expressed specifically in mouse and human testis. TSCPA gene was expressed weakly in 21-day-old mouse testis and the expression was increased gradually from 38th day to 6th month of mouse testes. No expression of hTSCPA was found in cryptorchidism and Sertoli-cell-only syndrome patients. It was concluded that the expression profile of TSCPA in human and mice indicated that TSCPA might play an important role in spermatogenesis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of miR-199a expression with the clinicopathologic characteristics and the survival of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

METHODSReal-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-199a in the tumor tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues from 67 patients with RCC. The correlations of miR-199a expression with the clinicopathologic characteristics and survival of RCC patients were analyzed.

RESULTSPositive miR-199a expression was detected in both the RCC and adjacent normal tissues, but the tumor tissues showed a significantly lower expression level by a mean of 13.7 folds (P=0.003). The expression of miR-199a was negatively correlated with tumor recurrence in RCC patients in T stage (P<0.05), but showed no significant correlations with the patients age, histological type of the tumor, lymph node metastasis, distal metastasis, or Fuhrman grade (P>0.05). The patients with lowered miR-199a expression in the tumor tissue had a significantly shorter mean survival time than those without miR-199a down-regulation (P=0.017 by Log-rank test).

CONCLUSIONA decreased expression of miR-199a is significantly correlated with a higher tumor stage, a greater likeliness of tumor recurrence, and a poorer prognosis in RCC patients. miR-199a can serve as a promising prognostic factor of renal cell carcinoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Down-Regulation ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis