Orthopedics virtual surgery system is a rapidly developing domain in recent years,and has exhibited a promising application.Currently,softwares about orthopedics virtual surgery system have already been applied in medical clinic and education.This paper reviewed present situation of this system,introduced some key technology such as medical image segmentation,registration and fusion,3D visualization and 3D interactive,and discussed main application such as orthopedics virtual surgery,surgical protocol,assisting clinical diagnosis,real-time chiri-cal consmlfation,assisting medical education,training and examination,rehabilitation care,prosthetic device,or guidance in surgery.In addition,the development trend of this system is predicted.With development of orthopedics virtual surgery system,the time of surgery will be consumedly economized and the risk of surgery will be reduced,greatly benefiting orthopedics.

Transpedicular screw fixation for cervical spine is the strongest spinal posterior fixation that could provide tri-column biomechanical stability,and it has been gradually identified as a quite high value in clinical application.The pedicle of vertebral arch is adjacent to vital neurovascular structures;thereby pedicle screw fixation in the cervical spine has been considered as a potential risk of injury and been limited in clinics.This study aims to review the studies on the current situation and progress of pedicle screw fixation techniques in lower cervical disease by investigating cervical pedicle morphology,biomechanical property,transpedicular screw insertion techniques and internal fixation system,computer assisted image-guided navigation,the indication,contraindication and complications of pedicle screw fixation.The article shows that preoperative careful evaluation for the morphology of the lower cervical pedicles,using kinds of new image guided techniques and meticulous techniques of screw placement in operation are essential in reducing operational risk and offering widely application.

Phenolic acids of rhizosphere soil of Panax notoginseng were identified and the contents were determined. HPLC-MS and HPLC were used. Compared with the literature and standard reference, identification and content de-termination were given on phenolic acids of rhizosphere soil of Panax notoginseng in Wenshan, Yunnan province. The results showed that six types of phenolic acids were detected from the extract of rhizosphere soil of Panax notogin-seng, which were p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and benzoic acid. The content of p-coumaric acid showed the highest concentration of 24.01 μg·g-1, while syringic acid had the lowest concentration of 1.26 μg·g-1. The sequence of content in the rhizosphere soil of Panax notoginseng from top to bot-tom was p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ferulic acid and syringic acid. It was concluded that the rhizosphere soil of Panax notoginseng contained six types of phenolic acids, which were p-hy-droxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and benzoic acid.

BACKGROUND:There is lack of an effective measuring means to diagnose deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in clinic.KLF2 and KLF4 are down-expressed at prethrombotic state,which may be served as predictive molecular markers to diagnose DVT.OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility of KLF2 and KLF4 as molecular markers to prediagnose DVT in rats.METHODS:Totally 90 rats were obtained from 100 rats to establish traumatic DVT models and divided into the prethrombotic,thrombosis crest-time and non-thrombosis groups.The remained 10 rats served as control group.Rat blood was collected at each time point,and the expressions of KLF2 and KLF4 were detected by real-time PCR.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The KLF2 and KLF4 mRNA expressions in the prethrombotic group and thrombosis crest-time group were lower than that of the control group.However,the KLF2 and KLF4 mRNA expressions in the non-thrombosis group was higher than that of the control group.Therefore,KLF2 and KLF4 may be candidate molecular markers for prediagnosis of DVT in rats.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of pushing reduction with our self-designed spinal fracture reduction device in the treatment of A3N0/1 thoracolumbar fractures.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the medical records of 53 patients who had undergone surgery for thoracolumbar vertebrae fracture at Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Zhengzhou Orthopedic Hospital from January 2019 to January 2022. All patients were treated by internal fixation via the Wiltse approach and bone grafting through the pedicle of the injured vertebrae. Clinical data: 35 males and 18 females; age: (37.8±10.2) years; injured segments: 23 cases at the thoracic spine and 30 cases at the lumbar spine; time from injury to surgery: (3.3±1.5) days. According to whether our self-designed spinal fracture reduction device was used or not, the patients were assigned into group A (23 cases) in which the injured vertebrae were pushed and reduced using our novel spinal fracture reduction device after vertebral distraction reduction by the pedicle screw and group B (30 cases) in which the injured vertebrae were distracted and reduced using the pedicle screw alone. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and complications were compared between the 2 groups. The anterior vertebral body height ratio (AVBHr), middle vertebral body height ratio (MVBHr), posterior vertebral body height ratio (PVBHr), Cobb angle of the injured vertebra, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) at preoperation, postoperative 3 and 6 months, and the last follow-up were compared between the 2 groups.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups, indicating comparability ( P>0.05). All patients were followed up for (16.3±5.9) months. All incisions healed at one stage postoperatively without any related complications. The operation time in group A was significantly longer than that in group B [(115.1±16.6) min. versus (101.0±11.5) min.], the intraoperative blood loss in group A was significantly greater than that in group B [(136.5±17.0) mL versus (121.6±19.8) mL], the MVBHr at postoperative 3 months in group A (93.9%±4.0%) was significantly better than that in group B (83.3%±7.6%), and the MVBHr, AVBHr, Cobb angle, VAS, and ODI at the last follow-up in group A [86.6%±5.5%, 89.8%±4.1%, 4°(4°, 6°), 1 (0, 1) point, and 4.7%±2.0%] were significantly better than those in group B [78.0% (74.0%, 79.0%), 84.5%±4.9%, 12.2°±3.3°, 2 (1, 3) points, and 7.3%±2.7%] (all P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in PVBHr between the 2 groups at postoperative 3 months or at the last follow-up ( P>0.05). Conclusion:In the treatment of A3N0/1 thoracolumbar fractures, pushing reduction with our self-designed spinal fracture reduction device can directly and effectively reduce the fracture zone of the injured vertebra, which is conducive to maintaining postoperative vertebral reduction, reducing vertebral height loss and kyphotic deformity at a later stage, relieving lumbar pain and improving lumbar spine function.