OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of prenatal fear stress on placental amino acid transport and emotion and cognition development in offspring rats. METHODS: Thirty pregnant Wistar rats were randomized equally into control and fear stress (induced using an observational foot shock model) groups. In each group, placental and serum samples were collected from 6 dams on gestational day 20, and the remaining rats delivered naturally and the offspring rats were raised under the same conditions until 8 weeks of age. Emotional and cognitive outcomes of the offspring rats were assessed with behavioral tests, and placental structure was examined using HE staining. Bioinformatics analysis was used to identify differentially expressed placental transporter genes under fear stress. The expressions of system A and system L amino acid transporters, along with other specialized transporters, were detected using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Fetal serum amino acid concentrations were determined by HPLC. The correlations between fetal amino acid levels and behavioral outcomes of the offspring rats were analyzed. RESULTS: The dams with fear stress showed reduced open-field activity and increased freezing behavior with significantly decreased placental weight, fetal weight, and fetal-to-placental ratio. Bioinformatics analysis revealed 28 differentially expressed transporter genes involved mainly in amino acid transport. In the fear stress group, fetal serum amino acid levels were significantly lowered and Slc38a1, Slc43a1, Slc43a2, Slc7a8, Slc6a6, Slc1a1 and Slc6a9 mRNA and protein expressions were all downregulated. The offspring rats in fear stress group exhibited decreased novel object preference and spontaneous alternation with reduced open arm exploration and increased immobility in emotional tests. Lower early-life amino acid levels was found to correlate with impaired adult cognition. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal fear stress in rats impairs placental amino acid transporter expression and reduces fetal serum amino acid levels, potentially contributing to long-term cognitive deficits in the offspring rats.
Animals ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Placenta/metabolism* ; Fear ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Cognition ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Stress, Psychological ; Amino Acids/blood* ; Amino Acid Transport Systems/metabolism*

Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis is rare in clinical practice. This article reported a case of primary renal pelvis mucinous adenocarcinoma mixed with signet ring cell carcinoma. The patient was admitted to hospital due to right low back pain, and was diagnosed with right kidney stones accompanied by hydrops and infection, right kidney abscess, and nonfunctional right kidney after complete examination. Right renal puncture drainage was performed twice, followed by laparoscopic robot assisted right neprectomy. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was right renal pelvis primary mucinous adenocarcinoma (mixed with signet-ring cell carcinoma). Eleven months after the operation, regular "sodium folinate + oxaliplatin + 5-fluorouracil" chemotherapy was performed for 12 courses, and imaging showed no signs of recurrence or metastasis.

The PEPC family proteins are ubiquitous in various plants and play an important role in the process of photosynthetic carbon assimilation and have many non-photosynthetic biological functions. However, PEPC genes have not been reported in apple. In this study, the members of apple MdPEPC family were identified based on the new apple genome data by bioinformatics analysis, and their expression patterns in different tissues and the apple axillary bud transcriptome treated by decapitation and TDZ (cytokinin) were analyzed in order to explore the role of MdPEPC genes in apple axillary bud outgrowth. The results showed that 6 MdPEPC family members were identified in apple, which distributed on 6 different chromosomes, and had similar physicochemical characteristics. Phylogenetic tree and sequence alignment analysis showed that the MdPEPC could be divided into two subgroups (Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅱ), in which four members in MdPEPC family were clustered into Group Ⅰ, belonging to plant-type PEPCs. However, MdPEPC4 and MdPEPC5 were clustered into Group Ⅱ with AtPPC4, belonging to bacterial-type PEPCs. There were 7 pairs of fragments repeats among MdPEPC members, but no tandem repeats existed. The promoter cis-acting element analysis showed that MdPEPC genes were not only affected by light and stress, but also regulated by multiple hormones. The expression profiles showed that all MdPEPCs except MdPEPC4 and MdPEPC5 were expressed in different apple tissues. Transcriptome data analysis showed that the expression levels of MdPEPC1 and MdPEPC3 were up-regulated after decapitation and TDZ treatment, whereas MdPEPC2 was significantly down-regulated at 48 h after treatments. In conclusion, MdPEPC1, MdPEPC2 and MdPEPC3 were selected as the candidate genes involved in axillary bud outgrowth regulation for further study.
Malus/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Phylogeny ; Decapitation ; Family ; Plant Proteins/metabolism*

Objective:To analyze the status quo of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (BCPR) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Qinhuangdao area and its influence on the prognosis of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).Methods:Based on the Utstein model CPR database of Qinhuangdao, data of 1 162 OHCA patients admitted to the Health Emergency Dispatch Center of Qinhuangdao City from January 2018 to January 2019 were collected, and they were divided into two groups according to whether BCPR was performed or not. The patients' demographic parameters (gender, age), precardiac arrest parameters (location of cardiac arrest), the parameters of the CPR (first aid response time before hospital, initial diagnosis of causes of cardiac arrest, initial cardiac rhythm) and the parameters of the CPR results [whether to achieve on-site restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and 30-day survival rate] were collected. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed for the relationship between BCPR and on-site ROSC rate. The social characteristics of bystanders implementing BCPR, including gender, age, occupation, educational background, and acquisition method of CPR knowledge, were analyzed.Results:Among the 1 162 OHCA patients, the patients witnessed by professional medical personnel in nursing homes, hospitals and other places and pre-hospital emergency personnel were excluded. 852 OHCA patients were enrolled, among which only 24 patients obtained BCPR (2.8%), and the remaining 828 patients did not obtain BCPR (97.2%). There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, location of cardiac arrest, pre-hospital emergency response time, primary diagnosis of cardiac arrest causes and initial cardiac rhythm between the two groups. Compared with the non-BCPR group, the on-site ROSC rate and the 30-day survival rate of the BCPR group were significantly increased [on-site ROSC rate: 16.7% (4/24) vs. 5.2% (43/828), 30-day survival rate: 8.3% (2/24) vs. 1.3% (11/828), both P < 0.05]. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that BCPR [odds ratio ( OR) = 32.132, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 11.129-65.471], location of cardiac arrest ( OR = 0.080, 95% CI was 1.212-3.125) and response time during pre-hospital emergency treatment ( OR = 0.121, 95% CI was 0.174-0.816) were important factors for on-site ROSC of OHCA patients (all P < 0.01). A total of 30 bystanders participated in the implementation of OHCA patients' BCPR, excluding 2 bystanders of lost follow-up, 28 bystanders with effective return visit. The 28 bystanders of BCPR practitioners were mainly male (85.7%), the age was mainly 18-40 years old (57.1%), the occupation was mainly in the tourism service industry (21.5%), students (17.9%), soldiers (14.3%) and bus drivers (10.7%), and the education background was mainly junior college or above (85.7%), the methods of acquiring CPR knowledge mainly included APP and new media (42.9%) and lectures (21.4%). Conclusions:The BCPR implementation rate of OHCA in Qinhuangdao was only 2.8%. BCPR can improve the success rate of pre-hospital CPR and the 30-day survival rate of OHCA patients. Targeted selection of tourism service industry, students, military personnel and bus drivers as CPR training targets may obtain more significant social benefits.

Objective    To explore the feasibility of decompression without gastric tube after minimally invasive esophageal cancer surgery. Methods    Seventy-two patients who underwent minimally invasive esophageal cancer resection at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from 2016 to 2018 were selected as a trial group including 68 males and 4 females with an average age of 58.5±7.9 years, who did not use gastric tube for gastrointestinal decompression after surgery. Seventy patients who underwent the same operation from 2013 to 2015 were selected as the control group, including 68 males and 2 females, with an average age of 59.1±6.9 years, who were indwelled with gastric tube for decompression after surgery. We observed and compared the intraoperative and postoperative indicators and complications of the two groups. Results    There were no significant differences between the two groups in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative level of serum albumin, postoperative nasal jejunal nutrition, whether to enter the ICU postoperatively, death within 30 days after surgery, anastomotic leakage, lung infection, vomiting, bloating or hoarseness (P>0.05). No gastroparesis occurred in either group. Compared with the control group, the recovery time of the bowel sounds and the first exhaust time after the indwelling in the trial group were significantly shorter, and the total hospitalization cost, the incidence of nausea, sore throat, cough, foreign body sensation and sputum difficulty were significantly lower (P<0.05). Conclusion    It is feasible to remove the gastric tube for gastrointestinal decompression after minimally invasive esophageal cancer surgery, which will not increase the incidence of postoperative complications, instead, accelerate the postoperative recovery of patients.

Purpose: Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) has been reported as being involved in tumor progression. Previous studies documented a potential relationship between serum GGT level and survival outcome in several types of human malignancies. However, the association between serum GGT levels and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has not yet been reported. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between pre-therapeutic serum GGT level and the efficacy, long-term survival, and adverse reactions of NAC and to investigate its role in predicting NAC sensitivity in patients with breast cancer. Methods: A total of 129 patients were recruited and stratified into 2 groups according to serum GGT level (< 29 U/L and ≥ 29 U/L). The association between pre-therapeutic serum GGT levels and clinicopathological parameters was examined. The correlation between pre-therapeutic serum GGT levels and pathological complete response (pCR) was analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Survival analyses of relapse-free survival (RFS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were performed. Pearson's χ 2 test and multivariate logistic regression model were used to analyze the correlation between pre-therapeutic serum GGT levels and adverse reactions. Results: Pre-therapeutic serum GGT levels were associated with pCR among breast cancer patients treated with NAC. Multivariate analysis showed that low-level GGT significantly increased pCR rate. Patients in the high-level GGT group had poorer survival than those in the low-level GGT group. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that serum GGT level was potentially related to RFS and DFS in the hormone receptor-positive group. Low levels of GGT are significantly associated with a higher incidence of neutropenia. Conclusion Pre-therapeutic serum GGT level is an independent and novel biomarker for predicting the efficiency, prognosis, and adverse reactions to NAC in breast cancer patients.Patients with low pre-therapeutic serum GGT levels are more likely to have higher pCR rates, better RFS and DFS, and higher hematologic toxicity.

Esophageal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in China.Although it is currently treated by multidisciplinary treatment,esophageal cancer's prognosis is still poor.The occurrence of esophageal cancer is closely related to the metabolism of trace element zinc.Zinc deficiency can induce the development of esophageal cancer by inducing inflammatory reaction and microRNAs imbalance.Zinc ion can play an important role in esophageal cancer by regulating the activity of ion channel.The formed zinc finger protein can function as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene in esophageal cancer.Zinc metabolism is accompanied by complex biological changes in the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer,and multiple mechanisms interact and are closely linked.The article reviews the research results of recent years on the mechanism of zinc deficiency,zinc ion-regulated ion channel and zinc finger protein in the development of esophageal cancer.

Objective Analyze the effect of emergency thrombolytic therapy on door to needle time (DNT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and effect.Method Selected 182 cases of AIS patients underwent intravenous thrombolysis at the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao from May 2015 to June 2017.Thrombolytic therapy group (83 cases),for the May 2015-May 2016 after neurological consultation intravenous thrombolysis patients;Emergency thrombolytic group(99 cases),for the June 2016-June 2017 emergency thrombolysis group Emergency Department of intravenous thrombolysis patients.Compare the two groups of DNT,thrombolytic therapy 24 h symptomatic hemorrhage conversion rate,Thrombolysis 24 h,7 dNIHSS score,7 dthrombolysis and 3 months thrombolysis and thrombolysis 3 months improved Rankin score (mRs).Results There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups (P＞0.05).Compared with the consultation group,the DNT[(69.77±11.66)min vs (80.12±15.49) min,t=5.745,P ＜ 0.01] of emergency thrombolytic group was significantly shortened,and the good score[39(39.4％) vs 21(25.3％),x2=4.272,P=0.039] at 3 months after treatment was significantly higher (P＜0.05);Treatment of 24 h intracranial hemorrhage conversion rate[12(12.12％) vs 5(6.02％),x2=1.982,P=0.159]、Treatment 7d mortality rate [10(10.10％) vs 6(7.22％),x2=0.464,P=0.496],3 months mortality rate [14(14.14％) vs 11 (13.25％),x2=0.030,P=0.862]、There was no significant difference in the 24h effective rate [57(57.6％) vs 53(63.8％),x2=0.745,P=0.388] and 7d effective rate [50(50.5％) vs 46(55.4％),x2=0.438,P0.508] after treatment (P＞0.05).Conclusions The emergency thrombolytic model can shorten the DNT of rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis in patients with AIS.The safety and efficacy of DNT are not different from the neurological consultation mode,and can improve the good prognosis rate.

Objective To investigate the mutations of IDH1,IDH2,p53 gene,and Ki-67 protein expression in different grade of gliomas and identify the association with its clinical relevance. Methods The mutations of IDH1,IDH2 and p53 gene were detected by direct DNA sequencing,and protein expression of Ki-67 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The correlations between gender,age,tumor site,differentiation degree and pathological type of patients were analyzed. Results R132H mutation of IDH1 gene was detected in 32.6% samples (14/46 cases),of which the proportion of WHO classification grade Ⅱ was 40.0%,and grade Ⅲ was 58.3%. IDH1 mutations were shown correlated with age,pathology level Ⅱ-Ⅲ,and Ki-67 low expression. p53 mutations were detected in 4 glioblastomas,with mutations located at exon 7,8. IDH1 gene mutation was negatively correlated with Ki-67 expression. Conclusions The proportion of IDH1 gene mutation in different pathological types of gliomas is different,which is the highest in gradeⅡ~Ⅲ. It is suggested that the subtypes should be listed independently by routine tests. Mutations in p53 gene are more common in primary glioblastomas and may be associated with adverse outcomes. The combined detection of DH1,p53 and Ki-67 is conducive to the diagnosis and prognosis of glioma.

Objective: To investigate the prehospital intervention based on emergency medical services (EMS) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) for door-to-needle time (DNT) with intravenous thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) impact. Methods: 112 emergency patients receiving rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis admitted to the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao City based on EMS from June 2016 to December 2017 were enrolled. According to whether or not to receive prehospital interventions, patients were divided into prehospital intervention group (n = 42) and routine treatment group (n = 70). Both groups followed the general principles of first aid, including assessment and support of the airway, respiration, and circulation, and blood glucose, electrocardiogram, and dynamic vital signs were monitored. Based on the general principle of EMS, first-aid personnel in the prehospital intervention group screened suspected acute stroke patients requiring prehospitalization according to Los Angeles prehospital stroke screening table (LAPSS), and established fluid ways, and got blood samples to evaluate rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis and risks. Factors influenced DNT compliance were analyzed through multivariate Logistic regression, which included the education level of the patient, whether there were risk factors related to cerebrovascular disease (hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes), visit time, National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score, whether received EMS intervention or not. The average DNT, DNT ≤ 60 minutes compliance rate, communication time, and decision time for thrombolysis were compared between the two groups. NIHSS score was used to evaluate the effective rate of thrombolysis for 7 days. The modified Rankin score (mRs) was used to evaluate the neurological function after 3 months of thrombolysis (a mRs score of 0-2 was defined as a good nerve function). Results: Univariate analysis showed that the DNT of patients with NIHSS score > 5 was significantly shorter than those with NIHSS score≤5, and DNT in patients received EMS intervention was significantly shorter than the non-receiver; but education level, visiting time, and risk factors associated with cerebrovascular disease had nothing to do with DNT. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that NIHSS score and EMS intervention were the influencing factors of DNT compliance [NIHSS score: odds ratio (OR) = 0.452, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.162-1.263, P = 0.030; EMS intervention: OR = 3.077, 95%CI = 1.260-7.514, P = 0.014]. Compared with conventional treatment group, DNT of intravenous thrombolytic in prehospital intervention group was significantly shortened (minutes: 62.00±11.07 vs. 78.03±21.04), DNT≤60 minutes compliance rate was significantly increased [35.7% (15/42) vs. 12.9% (9/70)], communication time [minutes: 4 (3, 6) vs. 6 (5, 9)] and decision-making thrombolytic time (minutes: 5.81±2.48 vs. 6.70±2.15) were significantly shortened, the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The 7-day effective rate in the prehospital intervention group [33.3% (14/42) vs. 14.3% (10/70), χ² = 5.657, P = 0.017] and the 3-mouth good rate of nerve function [38.1% (16/42) vs. 14.3% (10/70), χ² = 10.759, P = 0.001] were significantly higher than those in the conventional treatment group. Conclusion Prehospital interventions based on EMS can shorten DNT of intravenous thrombolysis in the patients with AIS, improve treatment efficiency, and improve prognosis.