OBJECTIVE: To review the current global status of social healthcare systems for mental disorders in children and adolescents, which provide systematic and continuous protection against mental disorders.DATA SOURCES: A computer-based search for relevant English articles in Medline database published between January 1980 and March 2005 was conducted with the key words of "mental disorder, children and adolescents, care". The Chinese full-text periodical database and Wanfang database were also searched for relevant Chinese articles published between January 1990 and March 2005 using equivalent Chinese key words of "mental disorder, children and adolescents, care".STUDY SELECTION: The articles that reviewed the current status of social healthcare system for mental disorders in children and adolescents were included for analysis, and those not categorized as reviews were excluded.DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 58 related articles were collected, among which 13 met the inclusion criteria and 45 were excluded.DATA SYNTHESIS: The current status of social healthcare systems for mental disorders in children and adolescents in Europe, North America,South America, Australia, Asia and Africa were described. The prevention and treatment for mental disorders in Europe and North America were well developed. The training, education and research of mental disease in children in South America were still developing, and the healthcare system in Australia needs further improvement. Lack of professional physicians is the major problem in Asia, whereas a complete protective system has not been well established in Africa and the families assume the role of primary defense against the disorder.CONCLUSION: The comprehensive healthcare services for mental disorders in children and adolescents has been lacking globally. Policy development, cultural understanding in the healthcare, recognition of the important role of nongovernmental organizations, epidemiological research, and professional training can be beneficial efforts to better protect the children and adolescents from mental disorders.

Objective:To explore psychological characteristics and influential factors of impulsivity of 8～12 years-old children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Methods:70 children with ADHD and 126 controls and their parents were evaluated with BIS,SCARED,DSRSC,CSD,TMD and WCST.Results:①Children with ADHD showed significantly more impulsivity,higher anxious mood and depressive mood,lower social desirability,and time management disposition(P

Objective To investigate the relationship among Machiavellianism,loneliness and coping style in adolescents.Methods 850 junior middle school students were recruited and assessed with Kiddie Machiavellianism Scale,Self-esteem Scale,and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (for students).Mediating effect was analyzed by multiple regression analysis.Results ① The scores of Machiavellianism,loneliness,positive coping and negative coping were (37.35±7.52),(30.21 ± 10.72),(21.07±6.12) and (9.44± 3.84) respectively.② Machiavellianism was positively correlated with negative coping style (r=0.192,P＜0.01) and loneliness (r=0.263,P＜ 0.01),as well as negatively correlated with positive coping style (r=-0.244,P＜0.01).③ Positive coping style partially mediated the effect of Machiavellianism on loneliness,and the mediating role accounted for 37.72％ for the whole effect.Conclusion The higher the Machiavellianism is,the more serious the loneliness is.Positive coping style partially mediates the relations between Machiavellianism and loneliness.

Objective To explore the empathy deficits of adolescents with different types of conduct disorder. Methods The participants included 65 adolescents ( who met the DSM-Ⅳ criteria for conduct disorder)ranging from 13 ～ 18 in age,and 195 normal adolescents ranging from 13 ～ 18 in age. All participants were assessed by revised Basic Empathy Scale. 65 patients were divided into 4 subgroups according to symptoms: destructive-nondestructive subgroups and overt-covert subgroups. Results (1) Scores of cognitive empathy were lower in patients than normal controls ( (29.86 ± 4.72) vs ( 32.09 ± 4.94), P ＜ 0. 01 ). (2) There were significant differences in the levels of cognitive empathy between patients and controls (P＜0. 01 ). Scores of cognitive empathy were lower in destructive subgroup than controls ( (29.76 ± 4.46) vs ( 32.09 ± 4.94) , P ＜ 0.01 ). (3) There were significant differences in the levels of two dimensions and total scores of empathy between patients and controls (F=3.10 ～5.36, P ＜ 0.05 ). Scores of cognitive empathy were lower in overt subgroup ( 29.22 ± 3.77 ) and covert subgroup (30.21 ± 5.17 ) than controls (32.09 ± 4.94) (P＜ 0.05, P＜0.01 );and scores of affective empathy were lower in overt subgroup than covert subgroup ( (26.13 ±5.05) vs (29.50 ±4.16), P＜0.05 ). Total scores of empathy were lower in overt subgroup (55.35 ±7.09) than covert subgroup (59.71 ±7.58) and controls (60.04 ±8.50 ) (P＜0.05). (4) Logistic regression analysis showed that cognitive empathy was a protective factor for conduct disorders( OR = 0.43 ). Conclusion The cognitive empathy level of patients is significantly lower than normal students;and boys with different types of conduct disorder possess different empathic abilities when compared with healthy controls;and cognitive empathy is a protective factor for conduct disorder.

Objective: To understand the current status of health related quality of life among primary and middle school students aged 9 to 15 years old in Henan Province, and to explore its relationship with negative emotions and social support. Methods: Between January and June 2016, 24 primary and middle schools were selected from 6 cities of Henan Province, and 5 867 primary and middle school students were included and completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Measurement, Stress Anxiety Depression Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to examine the moderating effect of social support. Results: The total score of health related quality of life of primary and middle school students in Henan was (81.21±12.49). There were statistically significant differences in the quality of life among primary and middle school students with different gender, study period, family monthly income, subjective parental relationship and parental education ( P <0.05). Negative emotions were negatively correlated with quality of life ( r =-0.51, P <0.01) and social support ( r =-0.30, P <0.01), while social support was positively correlated with quality of life ( r =0.29, P <0.01). Regression analysis showed that negative emotional was negatively associated with quality of life ( β =-0.23, P <0.01), while social support was positively associated with quality of life ( β =0.16, P <0.01). The interaction of negative emotions and social support was negatively associated with quality of life ( β =-0.18, P <0.01). Conclusion Health related quality of life among 9-15 year old primary and middle school students in Henan province is satisfactory. Social support might buffer the negative impact of negative emotions including depression, anxiety and stress on quality of life of primary and secondary school students.

Objective: To investigate anxiety life interference among primary and middle school students in Henan Province and its influencing factors, and to provide scientific basis for health education in primary and secondary school students. Methods: By using cluster sampling method, 3 573 primary school students and 2 748 secondary school students in Henan Province were investigated with Child Anxiety Life Interference Scale(CALIS), Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents(RSCA), Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS), Self-Esteem Scale(SES), General Self-efficacy Scale(GSES). Results: There were significant differences in anxiety life disturbance in primary and middle school students by gender(t=2.07, P=0.04), school level(t=-2.29, P=0.02), degree of anxiety(F=119.93, P<0.01), educational level of fathers (F=13.38, P<0.01) and educational level of mothers(F=9.65, P<0.01). The degree of life disturbance caused by anxiety was negatively correlated with mental resilience, social support and self-efficacy(r=-0.25, -0.09, -0.12, P<0.01), and was positively related to self-esteem(r=0.23). Mental resilience (β=-0.21) significantly negatively predicted anxiety interference with life, while self-esteem (β=0.13) and social support (β=0.06) significantly positively predicted anxiety interference with life. Conclusion The life of primary and middle school students is seriously disturbed by anxiety, and mental resilience is the primary psychosocial factor that affects the level of anxiety life interference among primary and middle school students.

Objective: To investigate the current status and psychosocial determinants of health behavior among primary and middle school students in Henan province,and to provide a reference for the direction and priority of the health education in primary and middle schools. Methods: Through cluster sampling method, 3 603 primary school students age 9 to 15 and 2 791 secondary school students in Henan Province were investigated with Chinese version of the Adolescent Lifestyle Questionnaire(C-ALQ), General Self-efficacy Scale(GSES), Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS), Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents(RSCA), Self-Esteem Scale(SES) during January to June in 2016. Results: The total score of health behavior among primary and middle school students was (80.30±16.36).There were significant differences in health behaviors among students with different gender(P<0.05), age(P<0.01), family income(P<0.01), body mass index(P<0.01), father’s education level (P<0.01) and mother’s education level(P<0.01). Health behaviors were significantly correlated with self-efficacy(r=0.26-0.42, P<0.01), social support(r=0.23-0.39, P<0.01), mental resilience(r=0.26-0.37, P<0.01), and self-esteem(r=-0.28--0.18, P<0.01). Gender, age, family monthly income, BMI, parents’ education level, self-efficacy, psychological resilience, social support and self-esteem was psychosocial determinants of healthy behaviors(P<0.05). Conclusion The engagement in health behaviors among primary and middle school students in Henan province is acceptable. Demographic and psychosocial determinants of health behaviors among primary and middle school students should be considered in health education curriculum planning.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the dark triad, basic psychological needs satisfaction and guilty proneness.Methods:Totally 595 college students were randomly selected from Zhengzhou University.They were tested with the dirty dozen(DD), the balanced measure of psychological needs scale(BMPN) and guilt-proneness-5(GP-5). SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 21.0 were used for data analysis, including descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Bootstrap measure was used for mediating effect test.Results:(1)The correlation analysis showed that the dark triad (29(21, 37)), Machiavellianism (4(4, 8)) and psychopathy(5(4, 9)) were negatively correlated with guilty proneness (20(16, 23)), and the correlation coefficients were -0.10, -0.22 and -0.18 respectively(all P<0.01). While narcissism (16(12, 21)) was not correlated with guilty proneness ( r=0.04, P>0.01). The satisfaction of basic psychological needs (56(54, 60)) was positively correlated with guilty proneness ( r=0.31, P<0.01). (2)The relationship between the dark triad and guilty proneness was partially mediated by basic psychological needs satisfaction, and the mediating effect accounted for 62.96%. Conclusion:The dark triad influences guilty proneness through basic psychological needs satisfaction.