The inhibitory and antimutagenic effects of 17 compounds, cysteine (1), cinnamic acid (2), rutin (3), tannic acid (4), germanium dioxide (5), fluro uracil (6), sodium copper chlorophylline (7), B-sitosterol (8), vitamin C (9), coumarin (10), vitamin E (11), L-glutathione (oxidized form) (12), L-glutathione (reduced form) (13), sodium selenile (14), organic germanium (15), L-methioine (16) and proline (17) on the SOS response induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, niethly muthanesulfonate, benzo (a)pyrine and UV were studied by using SOS chromotest. The results showed that compounds 1~15 revealed inhibitory effects, and compounds 2~8 and 10-11 revealed antimutagenic effects. It was demonstrated that cinnamic acid is the best antimutagen among 17 compounds. Cinnamic acid has not only inhibitory effect but also antimutagenic activity towards a wide variety of mutagens/carcinogens. The modes, specificity and end point of action of antimutagens are discussed.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of greenlight photoselective vaporization of prostate(PVP) in high-risk older patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods A total of 96 high-risk older patients with BPH underwent PVP.The operative time,blood loss,indwelling catheterization and operative complications were observed.The variables such as IPSS,QOL,uroflowmetry,post-void residual urine volume(RUV) were recorded and calculated pre-and post-operatively.Results All the 96 patients safely got through perioperative period.The mean operative time was(24.8?6.5)min,intraoperative blood loss was(55.4?16.8)ml and postoperative indwelling catheterization was(1.6?0.7)d.IPSS and QOL scores decreased form preoperative 29.8?5.2 and 5.2?0.8 to postoperative 8.4?2.3 and(1.4?)0.5,respectively.Qmax increased from(5.6?2.8)ml/s to(16.7?3.2)ml/s,and RUV decreased from(168.0?22.5)ml to(24.6?5.81)ml.There were significant differences of these parameters between pre-and post-operation(P

The potential embryotoxicity, developmental toxicity and teratogenic effects of (3 or 8)-(l-methoxyethyl)-8 (or3)-hydroxyethyl-deuteroporphyrin (PsD-044) were investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats with the conventional teratological method in vivo. According to the recommending clinical dosage, PsD-044 was administered intravenously at 20, 10 and 5mg/kg, as compared to the negative control with saline and the positive control with sodium pentachlorophenolate, respectively on the 10th day of the gestation. Eighty-one pregnant rats and 803 fetuses were examined. The results suggest that the maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of PsD-044 were not found, however, the malformation induced by known teratogen was as high as 14.1%.

Objective:To investigate factors related to bloodstream infections in patients with catheter-associated urinary tract infections(CAUTI)aged over 80 years.Methods:Clinical data of patients with CAUTI aged 80 years in our hospital from August 2014 to September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Independent and relevant factors for bloodstream infections in patients were analyzed by using univariate and multivariate methods with SPSS20.0 statistical software.Results:There were 138 patients with bloodstream infections, giving an infection rate of 9.28%.Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the timing of catheterization(delayed or no extubation after infection), urinary tract operation, glucocorticoid use, tumor chemotherapy, serum albumin concentration reduction, blood glucose and multi-drug resistant bacterial infection were independent risk factors for bloodstream infections in patients with CAUTI aged over 80 years.Conclusions:Early extubation, blood glucose control, correction of hypoproteinemia, reduction of multi-drug resistant bacterial infection, rational use of glucocorticoids and tumor chemotherapy, and heightened attention to patients undergoing urinary tract surgery can reduce the risk of bloodstream infections in patients with CAUTI aged over 80 years.

Genome editing tools such as the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated system (Cas) have been widely used to modify genes in model systems including animal zygotes and human cells, and hold tremendous promise for both basic research and clinical applications. To date, a serious knowledge gap remains in our understanding of DNA repair mechanisms in human early embryos, and in the efficiency and potential off-target effects of using technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 in human pre-implantation embryos. In this report, we used tripronuclear (3PN) zygotes to further investigate CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human cells. We found that CRISPR/Cas9 could effectively cleave the endogenous β-globin gene (HBB). However, the efficiency of homologous recombination directed repair (HDR) of HBB was low and the edited embryos were mosaic. Off-target cleavage was also apparent in these 3PN zygotes as revealed by the T7E1 assay and whole-exome sequencing. Furthermore, the endogenous delta-globin gene (HBD), which is homologous to HBB, competed with exogenous donor oligos to act as the repair template, leading to untoward mutations. Our data also indicated that repair of the HBB locus in these embryos occurred preferentially through the non-crossover HDR pathway. Taken together, our work highlights the pressing need to further improve the fidelity and specificity of the CRISPR/Cas9 platform, a prerequisite for any clinical applications of CRSIPR/Cas9-mediated editing.
Blastocyst ; CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Zygote