Objective To study the characteristics and regularities of somatotype of Bai ethnicitty children and adolescents in Hu ’ nan.Methods The somatotype growth of 1525 Bai children and adolescents ( male: 748, female:777) was evaluated by the Heath-Carter anthropometric method.Results The mesomorphy of male was bigger than that of female, and endomorphy of female was bigger than that of male .The primary somatotype in male was mesomorph and ectomorph , and it was central and ectomorph in female .The somatotypes developed from balanced mesomorph , ectomorphic mesomorph , mesomorph-ectomorph , mesomorphic ectomorph to mesomorph-ectomorph in male; however , in female from central, balanced ectomorph , central, endomorph-mesomorph to mesomorphic endomorph .Conclusion The somatotypes are very different between males and females of Bai ethnicity children and adolescents .The somatotype of males is slender with less fat and more muscular , however , they are plumper with more body fat and shorter stature in females .Bai ethnicity children and adolescents have less muscular , less fat and shorter stature than Mongolian and other populations .

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Holmium laser resection for primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (HoLRBt) compared with transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBt). Methods Data of 212 patients with primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer were collected retrospectively. The patients were divided into HoLRBt group(n= 101) and TURBt group (n= 111). The patients in each group were stratified into 3 risk groups (low, intermediate and high risk) according to prognostic factors for recurrence based on EAU guideline. Then, the safety of HoLRBt and TURBt groups were compared, concerning the intraoperative complications and postoperative recovery. Efficacy indicated by recurrence-free survival of the 2 groups was analyzed and compared by Kaplan-Meier technique. Results Patients' demographics including age, gender, tumor characteristics, and recurrence risk of tumor between the 2 groups were comparable(P＞0.05). No obturator nerve reflex occurred in the HoLRBt group. Meanwhile, 7 out of 111 patients in the TURBt group experienced this complication resulted bladder perforation in 3 patients. The proportion of patients needing postoperative bladder irrigation in the HoLRBt group was lower compared to the TURBt group (P＜0.05). HoLRBt was associated with shorter postoperative catheter drainage period (P＜0.05). The mean postoperative follow-up was 34 months (range 18 to 43). Recurrence-free survival after HoLRBt was similar with that of TURBt (P = 0. 283). Conclusions Compared with TURBt, HoLRBt is a feasible, safe and effective alternative for the management of primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer with similar therapeutic efficacy and fewer perioperative complications.HoLRBt can be widely used in clinical practice in the treatment of primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Objective To explore the nursing after free great toe fibular flap transplant to repair finger pulp defects. Methods 12 cases with finger pulp defect accepted the free great toe fibular flap were reviewed. Results All flaps survived and no vascular crisis occurred. The flap shaped well, and the skin sweated and the two point discrimination was 4-6 mm. Conclusion Close monitoring and appropriate is important after free great toe fibular flap transplant to repair finger pulp defects.

Objective To investigate the role of transient receptor potential vanilloid tpye 1 (TRPV1) in the pathological process of detrusor overactivity (DO) induced by partial bladder outlet obstruction (BOO).Methods Between June 2014 and December 2014,40 female Wistar rats received partial urethral ligation and urodynamic analysis 6 weeks after.Urinary bladder and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) were removed and RT-PCR,Western Blot and IHC were performed to investigate the expression and location of TRPV1 in control and DO rats.Effect of different concentrations of TRPV1 agonist,as well as TRPV1 antagonist,was also evaluated with isolated detrusor strips.Results 40 female Wistar rats received BOO surgery and 26 of them developed DO.Immunohistochemistry observed linear TRPV1-reactive staining mainly in sub-urothelial and muscular layer.Expression of TRPV1 mRNA and protein in urinary bladder [(0.18±0.02) vs.(0.36 ±0.03),P＜0.05] and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) [(0.41 ±0.05) vs.(0.66 ±0.04),P ＜ 0.05] significantly increased in BOO induced OAB rats.In isolated detrusor strips studies,the amplitude [(0.26 ±0.05)g vs.(0.69 ±0.11)g,P ＜0.05] and frequency [(5.91 ±0.59) Hz vs.(8.75 ± 0.54) Hz,P ＜ 0.05] of contractions of DO tissues were significantly higher than that of control ones.Capsaicin significantly increased the amplitude but not frequency of detrusor intrinsic contractility and this effect was enhanced in OAB conditions.All changes induced by capsaicin were blocked by capsazepine pre-incubated.Conclusions In BOO induced DO rats,over-expressed TRPV1 was involved in DO pathological process by directly sensitizing bladder afferent fibers or indirectly enhancing detrusor intrinsic properties.

Objective To improve the diagnosis and therapy of primary renal synovial sarcoma . Methods A single case of primary renal synovial sarcoma was reported .A 54-year-old female presented with left flank pain for six days .Enhanced CT scan revealed a nearly-circular mass with the diameter of 2.0 cm in the superior portion of the left kidney .It showed low and high density with punctate calcification .There were low and high density in left kidney around .A possible diagnosis of left renal tumor with rupturing was given prior to exploratory operation .During the operation , a large hematoma was found on the lateral peri-re-nal fascia, which adjoined with other organs .The hematoma was opened and the 1 000 ml dated clot and blood were removed .The tissue inside the hematoma showed fish meat like .The fast pathologic examination showed sarcomatoid tissue , then the case underwent radical left nephrectomy . Results Gross pathologic examination showed a ashen and fish-liked tumor of 3.0 cm×2.5 cm×1.5 cm with multiple sites of necrosis and hemorrhage .The histopathological examination revealed the tumor cells were spindle shaped .The tumor cells organized as bundle with indistinct border line and larger quantity of mitotic phase , which were positive for BCL-2, vimentin, EMA, CD79a and SMA, but negative for CD34, CK and CD10.A diagnosis of renal syn-ovial sarcoma was then determined .Targeted therapy with sunitinib ( 37.5 mg po qd ) was carried out postopreratively .There was no recurrence and metastasis during the six months following up . Conclusions Primary renal synovial sarcoma is an extremely rare entity .It is very difficult to diagnose through clinical symptoms and imaging .The accurate diagnosis is based on pathology or genetic and molecular tests .Radical nephrectomy and adjuvant therapy are the preferred strategy for the treatment .The prognosis is poor .Targeted therapy with sunitinib may be effective .

The incidence of prostate cancer is increasing year by year in China. People with BRCA mutation are at high risk of prostate cancer. However, there is no clear and effective treatment for mHSPC with high metastatic load carrying BRCA mutation. In this study, we report a mHSPC patient with high metastatic burden and germline BRCA1 gene mutation who rapidly progressed to mCRPC after traditional CAB therapy and then received ADT combined with abiraterone and achieved significant PSA response, suggesting that ADT combined with abiraterone may be an effective therapy for mHSPC patients with BRCA1 germline mutation.

Objective:To analyze the diagnostic value of sex hormone combined with carcinoembryonic antigen on lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients.Methods:52 cases of breast cancer patients who underwent surgical resection were collected and divided into non-metastasis group and metastases group after axillary lymph node ultrasonography. The blood samples was collected from patients and the levels of serum estradiol, testosterone, progesterone and carcinoembryonic antigen were detected; The diagnostic value of the above indexes in patients with lymph node metastasis was analyzed; Logistic risk regression model was used to analyze the independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis after surgical resection.Results:There were significant differences between the non-metastatic group and the metastatic group in the largest tumor diameter and menopause (all P<0.05), but there were no significant differences among other general data (all P>0.05). The serum estradiol level in the non-metastatic group was (153.97±35.55) pg/ml, the progesterone level was (0.33±0.05) ng/ml, and the carcinoembryonic antigen level was (11.44±3.77) ng/ml, while the estradiol level in the metastatic group was (207.19±52.11) pg/ml ( t=4.13, P<0.001), progesterone level (0.38±0.04) ng/ml ( t=4.01, P<0.001), carcinoembryonic antigen level (15.41±3.46) ng/ml ( t=3.94, P<0.001). The above three indicators were significantly increased in patients in the transfer group. The area under the curve of estradiol was 0.83, the area under the curve of progesterone was 0.80, the area under the curve of carcinoembryonic antigen was 0.77, the area under the curve of the combination of the three was 0.85, and the area under the curve of the combination of the three was the largest. Logistic risk regression model showed that estradiol, progesterone, and carcinoembryonic antigen levels were independent risk factors affecting lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients (all P<0.05) . Conclusion:The sex hormone estradiol, progesterone combined with carcinoembryonic antigen has a high diagnostic value for lymph node metastasis in patients with breast cancer, and can independently predict the occurrence of lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients.

Bipolar androgen therapy (BAT), as a new therapy, can effectively reduce the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level of a part of patients with castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), delay tumor progression, improve their quality of life and restore the sensitivity to drug therapy. This paper will review the background, possible mechanism, clinical research progress and development prospect of BAT.

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of stilbene glucoside （TSG）on the proliferation and estrogen receptor （ER）of human breast cancer T- 47D cells ，and to explore its estrogen-like effect and potential mechanism. METHODS ：Taking ER positive human breast cancer T- 47D cells as subjects ，using β-estradiol（β-E2，1×10－8 mol/L）as positive control ，CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cell proliferation after treated with different concentrations of TSG （1×10－8，1×10－7，1×10－6，1×10－5，1×10－4 mol/L）for 24，48，72 h；the cell proliferation rate was calculated. Western blotting assay and RT-PCR methods were adopted to detect the protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β in cells after treated with low，medium and high concentrations of TSG （1×10－8， 1×10－6，1×10－4 mol/L）for 48 h. RESULTS ：After treated with different concentrations of TSG for 24，48，72 h，the cell proliferation rate of each administration group at each time point （except for β-E2 group at 48 h）increased significantly ，compared with blank group ；those of TSG groups （1×10－5，1×10－6，1×10－7 mol/L）were significantly higher than β-E2 group（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. After treated with low ，medium and high concentrations of TSG for 48 h，protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β in cells were increased significantly，compared with blank group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；protein expression of ER-β in TSG low concentration group ，mRNA expression of ER-α in TSG groups as well as mRNA expression of ER-β in TSG low and high concentration groups were significantly higher than β-E2 group（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：TSG can induce the in vitro proliferation of T- 47D cells and exert estrogen-like effects by promoting protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β， which is stronger than that of β-E2 at a certain concentration.

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of processed Polygonum multiflorum containing serum on the proliferation and the expression of estrogen receptor （ER） of human breast cancer T-47D cells， and to investigate its phytoestrogen （PE）-like effect. METHODS： Sexually immature SD rats were randomly divided into estradiol valerate （Ev） group （positive control， 0.12 mg/kg）， processed P. multiflorum low-dose and high-dose groups （0.75， 3 g/kg， by crude drug）， low-dose and high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev groups （same dose as single drug group）， with 10 rats in each group. Blank group was given constant volume of water intragastrically， and administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically； once day and night， for consecutive 4 days. Two hours after last administration， blank serum and containing serum were prepared. T-47D cells were also randomly divided into blank group， Ev group， low-dose and high-dose processed P. multiflorum groups， low-dose and high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev groups， and then were cultured in medium which contained 20％ blank serum or drug containing serum. CCK-8 assay was used to detect proliferation rate （PR）. Western blotting assay and RT-PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β. RESULTS： Compared with blank group， PR of administration groups [each administration group （24 h）， other administration groups （48， 72 h） except for high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group] were increased significantly； high-dose processed P. multiflorum group （72 h） was significantly higher than Ev group， and low-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group （72 h） was significantly higher than the same-dose processed P. multiflorum group； high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group （72 h） was significantly lower than the same-dose processed P. multiflorum group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Relative protein expression of ER-α in Ev group， high-dose processed P. multiflorum group and low-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group， relative mRNA expression of ER-α and protein expression of ER-β in administration groups， relative mRNA expression of ER-β in Ev group， low-dose processed P. multiflorum group and processed P. multiflorum+Ev groups were all increased significantly. Relative protein and mRNA expression of ER-α in Ev group were significantly higher than processed P. multiflorum groups and combination groups. Relative protein and mRNA expression of ER-β in Ev group were significantly lower than low-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group， but relative mRNA expression of ER-β was significantly higher than processed P. multiflorum groups and high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group. Relative protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β in low-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group as well as relative mRNA expression of ER-β in high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group were significantly higher than the same-dose processed P. multiflorum group. Relative protein and mRNA expression of ER-α in high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group were significantly lower than the same-dose processed P. multiflorum group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： The processed P. multiflorum containing serum can promote the proliferation of human breast cancer T-47D cells， and play the PE-like role through promoting protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β. However， the above effects are weaker than estrogen， and the combination of the two may antagonize the effect of estrogen.