Objective To discuss the effect of main organ-preserving pancreatectomy operations on the postoperative complications and the long-term quality of life.Methods The clinical data of 320 patients undergoing pancreatic surgery from January 2013 to December 2016 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively analyzed and all the patients were divided into traditional pancreatectomy surgery group and organ-preserving pancreatectomy surgery group.The traditional pancreatectomy surgery group included pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD),distal pancreatectomy (DP),and laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP);and the organ-preserving pancreatectomy surgery group included pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD),spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (SPDP),enucleation pancreatectomy (EP),and middle-preserving pancreatectomy (MSP).Face to face clinic visit or telephone follow-up was scheduled every three months until May 31,2017.The operation time,intraoperative hemorrhage,intraoperative blood transfusion,postoperative complications (hemorrhage,pancreatic fistula,biliary fistula,abdominal infection,delayed gastric emptying),postoperative hospitalization stay,secondary surgery and the survival status within 30 days after surgery,the pancreatic endocrine function,exocrine function and the long-term quality of life were recorded.Results The operation time,intraoperative hemorrhage and intraoperative blood transfusion were not statistically different between PD and PPPD groups,DP and SPDP groups,LDP and LSPDP groups,DP and MSP groups,and DP and EP groups,respectively (all P values ＞0.05).Compared with MSP group,the hospitalization time in DP group was shorter [(18.61 ±12.46)d vs (26.88 ± 15.22)d],the occurrence rate of postoperative pancreatic fistula (24.07％ vs 56.25％),bleeding (3.70％ vs 25.00％),abdominal infection (1.85％ vs 18.75％),delayed gastric emptying (5.56％ vs 31.25％),secondary surgery (0 vs 25.00％),and glycemic control rate were decreased (27.78％ vs 0),and all the differences were statistically significant (all P values ＜ 0.05).After discharge,the incidence of chronic diarrhea in the PD group was higher than that in the PPPD group (17.31％ vs 2.08％).The fatigue in the DP group was higher than that in the SPDP,MSP and EP groups,and fatigue,social function,overall health score of the LDP group were lower than those in LSPDP group;emotional function in the DP group was better than that in MSP group,and all the differences were statistically significant (all P values ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The organ-preserving pancreatectomy can reduce the trauma of the operation,postoperative complications and postoperative pancreatic endocrine and exocrine dysfunction,and improve the long-term quality of life.