Objective To investigate the distribution of the MDR1 exon12 (C1236T), exon21 (G2677T/A) and exon 26 (C3435T) gene polymorphisms in breast cancer patients, and to analyse their relationship with molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Methods The genotyping of C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-high resolution melting (HRM) method in 400 cases of breast cancer. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test was used for ge?netic equilibrium distribution of genotype. The molecular subtypes of breast cancer were classified based on St.Gallen Con?sensus 2013. The genotype distributions of C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T in breast cancer were analyzed. Their relation?ship with molecular subtypes in breast cancer was analyzed as well. Results ①In 400 cases of breast cancer, there were 2, 3 and 2 specimens did not get genotyping results in C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T genotype detection. The CC, CT and TT genotypes of C1236T accounted for 16.08% (64/398), 44.22% (176/398) and 39.70% (176/398). GG, GT, GA, TT and AT genotypes of G2677T/A accounted for 16.62%(66/397), 44.33%(176/397), 7.05%(28/397), 27.46%(109/397) and 4.54%(18/397). CC, CT and TT genotypes of C3435T accounted for 21.11%(84/398), 56.03%(223/398) and 22.86%(91/398) re?spectively. Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium testing showed that polymorphisms of C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T had group representation (P<0.05).②Eleven cases of HER-2 (2+) were excluded because they were not verified by FISH de?tection when performed molecular subtype of breast cancer. Luminal A subtype accounted for 41.90%(163/389), Luminal B subtype accounted for 32.65%(127/389), HER-2 over-expression subtype accounted for 13.62%(53/389) and triple nega?tive subtype accounted for 11.83%(46/389).③CT/TT genotype frequency of C3435T was significantly higher in breast can?cer patients with Luminal A subtype than that in breast cancer patients with HER-2 over-expression subtype and triple neg?ative subtype (χ2=12.011, P=0.001;χ2=13.976, P<0.001), while there was no statistical difference in C1236T and G2677T/A gene polymorphism between different molecular subtypes of breast cancer (P>0.05). Conclusion C3435T gene polymor?phism can explain more accurately heterogeneity of breast cancer. CT/TT genotype in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer may be more sensitive to drug treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To explore basic technology for synthesis of active ingredients of Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis,and provide necessary technical support for comprehensive development of O. xuefengensis sourse. METHODS:Submerged fermenta-tion method was used to cultivate the mycelium,achieving efficient synthesis of active ingredients by controlling medium composi-tion and cultivation conditions. Using the bacteria as starting strain,the effects of different carbon sources (sucrose,glucose and soluble starch),different nitrogen sources (peptone,yeast extract powder,yeast extract,sodium nitrate,potassium nitrate and urea),different vitamin B(vitamin B1 and vitamin B complex)and different initial pH(pH was set at 4,5,6,7,8 and 9,re-spectively)on mycelial growth,extracellular and intracellular polysaccharide synthesis,cordycepin synthesis and intracellular triter-penoid synthesis were investigated to screen the optimal medium composition. RESULTS:The optimal carbon source,nitrogen source,vitamin B and initial pH were sucrose,yeast extract powder,vitamin B1 and 8,respectively. High biomass and metabolite accumulation levels can be obtained when carbon source was sucrose,nitrogen source was yeast extract powder,adding 0.1 g/L vi-tamin B1 with initial pH of 8. CONCLUSIONS:O. xuefengensis can efficiently accumulate metabolites,and achieve the optimiza-tion of strain cell growth and synthesis of active metabolite by optimizing and controlling the fermentation process.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the expression and prognostic value of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in breast cancer and explore its possible role in the occurrence and progression of breast cancer. METHODS: We performed bioinformatics analysis of the TCGA data for the expression and clinical relevance of SOD2 in patients with breast cancer. Gene enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed using the KEGG gene set, the protein interaction network was constructed using the STRING database, and the key genes were screened using Cytoscape software. We also collected 60 pairs of primary breast cancer tissue samples and adjacent samples for detecting SOD2 expressions using immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR and analyzed the correlation of SOD2 expression with the clinicopathological parameters of the patients. RESULTS: The expression of SOD2 was significantly lower in breast cancer tissue than in adjacent tissues with significant correlation with TNM stage and axillary lymph node metastasis ( < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival (RFS) and post-progressive survival were significantly shorted in patients with high SOD2 expression than in those with low SOD2 expression ( < 0.05). GSEA enrichment analysis indicated that SOD2 played an important role in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. IL10 and STAT4 were identified as the key genes in the PPI network, and they were both positively correlated with SOD2. In the 60 pairs of clinical samples, SOD2 was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues with close correlation with axillary lymph node metastasis and the expressions of estrogen receptor and androgen receptor ( < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The expression of SOD2 in breast cancer is significantly correlated with TNM stage and axillary lymph node metastasis. SOD2 may affect the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells possibly by regulating IL10 and/or STAT4 to affect the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.
Breast Neoplasms ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Superoxide Dismutase

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effect of shenqi fanghou recipe (SFR) in preventing and treating radiation injury in patients with head and neck tumor.

METHODSOne hundred and forty patients with head and neck tumor, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, carcinoma of tonsil or tongue, were randomly divided into 2 groups, 70 patients in the observed group were given modified SFR as adjuvant to radiotherapy, while 70 patients in the control group were treated with radiotherapy alone. The radiation reactions during radiotherapy and the condition of late stage radiation injury radiotherapy in patients in the 2 groups were observed.

RESULTSThe degree of oropharyngeal mucosa reaction, dryness in mouth and radiation dermatitis in cervical region in the observed group was milder than those in the control group, and the radiation injury induced late stage sequelae, such as the degree of mouth-opening was better and the cervical muscular sclerosis was better in the observed group than in the control group, showing significant difference (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSFR has definite effect in preventing and treating radiation reaction and late stage radiation injury in patients with head and neck tumor.

Adult ; Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Radiation Injuries ; drug therapy ; prevention & control