Communicable Disease Control ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; prevention & control ; World Health Organization

Anniversaries and Special Events ; China ; Humans ; Public Health ; Security Measures ; Sports

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the thoughts and methods for the formation of solid Chinese traditional medicine preparation.METHODS: The thoughts and methods for the formation of solid Chinese traditional medicine preparation were introduced and summarized.RESULTS & CONCLUSION: The design for the formation of solid Chinese traditional medicine preparation was an important part in the preparation process of Chinese materia medica preparations,which should be consummated in the future study so as to enhance the quality of the solid Chinese traditional medicine preparations and facilitate the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective:Tumor suppressor gene nitrogen permease regulator like 2 (NPRL2), also called tumor suppressor candidate gene 4 (TUSC4), widely exists in all kinds of human tissues and is highly conserved in different kinds of biological species. The expression of NPRL2 is markedly decreased in many human tumor tissues, such as lung cancer, breast cancer,renal carcinoma, et al. NPRL2 is located in human chromosome 3p2.13, and participates in DNA mismatch modification, regulation of signal transduction du-ring cell cycle progression, and apoptosis induction. NPRL2 gene inactivation is related with the initiation and progression of several malignant tumors. The mechanism underlying the tumor-inhibiting activity of NPRL2 gene is not clear and needs to be further investigated.

OBJECTIVE:To review the curative efficacy and safety of itopride vs. domperidone in the treatment of functional dyspepsia(FD). METHODS:Randomized controlled trails(RCTs)of itopride vs. domperidone in the treatment of FD were enrolled and retrieved from Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMBASE,SCI,CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang Database. Other retrieval was carried out by hand. Methodological quality evaluation and meta-analysis of RCTs were carried out. RESULTS:Of total 18 RCTs enrolled,11 RCTs were graded B and 7 RCTs graded C. Itopride group were superior to domperidone group in respect of total response rate,the relief rate of nausea,abdominal distention,belching,vomiting,epigastric pain and sour regurgitation. There was no statistical significance. The incidence of ADR in itopride group was lower than in domperidone group. There was no statistical significance in difference between two groups. The relief rate of anorexia and early satiety in itopride group were superior to domperidone group. Statistical significance was noted in difference between two groups. CONCLUSION:Recent study shows itopride has better effect than domperidone on FD,which should be confirmed by high quality study.

Objective To explore the influence of up-regulated Foxp3 on Treg function and kidney transplantation chronic rejection reaction in rat model.Method The kidney transplantation chronic rejection reaction rat model was established.The F344 kidney was transplanted to Lewis rats,and retroviruses highly expressing Foxp3 were constructed.The Banff 97 hierarchical diagnostic criteria were used to diagnose chronic renal allograft nephropathy (CAN).The rat models were divided into three groups by random number table.In experimental group,the pSCV-BsdRFP-FoxP3 retroviruses were injected into the rats via the tail vein after operation.In negative control group,the pSCV-BsdRFP retroviruses were injected into the rats via the tail vein after operation.In blank group,the normal saline was injected into the rats via the tail vein after operation.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the changes of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-β (TGF-β) immediate,1,2,3,and 4 weeks after operation.The rats were killed at 4th week after operation,and kidney tissues were taken out for pathological examination.Result The pathological changes of CAN were observed at 4th week.The typical chronic rejection change was seen at 12th week.The levels of IL-10 and TGF-β were increased,and reached the peak at 3rd week.The levels of IL-10 and TGF-β in experimental group were higher than in negative control group and blank group at 1st,2nd,3rd,and 4th week.At 4th week,obviously different degrees of intimal thickening,and mild hyperplasia of interstitial fibers,glomerular sclerosis and infiltration with lymphocytes and plasma cells were observed in the three groups.In the experimental group,the lesions were mildest,and apparent neointimal hyperplasia was found.Conclusion pSCV-BsdRFP FoxP3 retroviruses can reduce the kidney transplantation chronic rejection reaction in rat model,and have the potential treatment effect.

Objective To explore the relationship between SHP1 and CD99 expression in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) .Methods RT‐PCR and Western blot to detect the expression of CD99 and SHP1 mRNA and protein expression in IM9、KM3、L428、L428‐CD99 cells ;fluorescence confocal to observe the expression and co‐localization of CD99 and SHP1 ;transiently interference CD99 in IM9 cells and then detect the expressing of SHP1 mRNA and protein levels .Results SHP1 mRNA was low expressed in L428、KM3 and high expressed in IM9;gene and protein expression were consistent trend;in L428‐CD99 cell SHP1 mRNA expression and protein levels were higher than L428 cell;CD99 expressed in membrane and SHP1 expressed in cell plasma;transient interference CD99 ,SHP1 decreased in mRNA expression and protein levels .Conclusion In HL cells ,SHP1 expression related to the missing expression of CD99 ,and its mechanism remains to be studied .

OBJECTIVE:To study the clinical characteristics and related of the adverse drug reactions(ADR) induced by carbamazepine,and propose preventive solutions.METHODS: 102 cases of carbamazepine-induced ADR,reported in medical journals of China from January 2001 to December 2005,were collected and analyzed.RESULTS:Skin and its appendages received most impairment from carbamazepine-induced adverse reactions(representing 35.3%),followed by general impairment of the body and impairment of the blood & hematopoietic system.Combined use of drugs is liable to induce adverse reactions,indicated by the fact that 16.7% of the sufferers received treatment by combined use of multiple drugs.Most of the ADR occurred 1h after administration.CONCLUSION:Individual differences of patients and combined use of drugs are among the factors that result in carbamazepine-induced adverse reactions.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the clinical features and correlation factors of ADR caused by second generation antihistamine drugs for references of clinical rational drug use.METHODS:A total of 128 cases ADR cases induced by second generation antihistamine drugs that met our criteria were obtained by retrieving the domestic literature database between 1986 and 2006,which were categorized and analyzed in accordance with the ADR categorization stipulated by WHO international drug monitoring cooperation center.RESULTS:Of the 128 ADR cases,more were seen in male than in female,38 presented cardiovascular system lesions,accounting for 29.69%,followed by lesions of skin and its appendants(28.13%) and systemic reactions(20 cases,15.63%).However,the prognosis of these ADR was satisfactory.CONCLUSION:The ADR caused by second generation antihistamine drugs are associated to many factors such as patients’ sex and physical condition as well as drug combination etc.Clinic should be alert to such ADR such as allergic shock and arhythmia in patients treated with second generation antihistamine drugs.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the influencing factors of anticoagulation with warfarin in patients who had undergone artificial mechanical heart valve replacement and the relation between dosage regimens and international normalized ratio(INR).METHODS:123 patients who had undergone artificial valve replacement patients were followed-up.The patients were treated with warfarin therapy for anticoagulation after surgery,and given a regular follow-up.Patients' age,gender,and INR value etc were recorded and the adverse events including bleeding,embolism and death were observed.RESULTS:No death case was reported;femoral vein thrombosis occurred in 1 case;gingival bleeding occurred in 11 cases and urinary tract bleeding was noted in 3 case.The incidence of anticoagulation-associated ADR was close to that reported in overseas literature.CONCLUSION:According to INR,individual dose of warfarin should be administered on day 5 after artificial valve replacement.Maintaning INR at 1.5～2.0 can achieve certain anticoagulation efficacy and is relatively safe.